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- Bay, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Patient reported outcomes are associated with physical activity level in adults with congenital heart disease.
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 243, s. 174-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In general, adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) have impaired exercise capacity, and approximately 50% do not reach current recommendations on physical activity. Herein we analysed factors associated with physical activity level (PAL) in adults with CHD by using patient-reported outcomes (PRO).METHODS: Patients with CHD (n=471) were randomly selected from the national register on CHD and categorized according to complexity of lesions - simple (n=172, 39.1±14.6years), moderate (n=212, 39±14.1years), and severe (n=87, 31.7±10.7years). Participants completed a standardized questionnaire measuring PRO-domains including PAL. Variables associated with PAL were tested in multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: PAL was categorized into high (≥3 METs ≥2.5h/week, n=192) and low (≥3 METs <2.5h/week, n=279). Patients with low PAL were older (42.6 vs. 35.8years, p≤0.001), had more prescribed medications (51% vs. 39%, p=0.009), more symptoms (25% vs. 16%, p=0.02) and comorbidity (45% vs. 34% p=0.02). Patients with low PAL rated a lower quality of life (76.6 vs. 83.4, p<0.001), satisfaction with life (25.6 vs. 27.3, p=0.003), a lower Physical Component Summary score (PCS) (78.1 vs. 90.5, p<0.001) and Mental Component Summary score (MCS) (73.5 vs. 79.5, p<0.001). Complexity of heart lesion was not associated with PAL. The included PROs - separately tested in the model, together with age were associated with PAL.CONCLUSIONS: PCS and MCS are stronger associated with PAL than age and medical factors. The use of these PROs could therefore provide valuable information of benefit for individualized advice regarding physical activity to patients with CHD.
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| 4. |
- Janas, Katarzyna, et al.
(författare)
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Carotenoid-based coloration correlates with the hatching date of Blue TitCyanistes caeruleusnestlings
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ibis. - : WILEY. - 0019-1019 .- 1474-919X. ; 162:3, s. 645-654
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carotenoid-based coloration occurs predominantly in adult birds, yet in some species from the family Paridae, this trait is also present at the nestling stage. One of the factors proposed to affect the expression of this trait in immature birds is hatching date. Here, using the avian tetrahedral colour space model, we examined the influence of hatching date on the breast carotenoid-based plumage coloration of the Blue TitCyanistes caeruleusnestlings. Because Blue Tits are sexually dichromatic, we also investigated the potential interaction between hatching date and sex that could arise from differences in condition dependence of this trait between males and females. We found a positive relationship betweenUVchroma of breast feathers and hatching date. The amount ofUVreflectance is thought to be negatively related to carotenoid content in feathers. The observed increase ofUVchroma through the breeding season might therefore be caused by a seasonal decline in the availability and quality of Lepidoptera larvae - the main source of carotenoids in food of the Tits. We also observed a sex difference in the relationship between brightness of breast feathers (achromatic, structural component) and hatching date, which in males was negative and in females not significant. Our study provides further evidence that the timing of breeding is related to the expression of nestling carotenoid-based coloration, a potentially meaningful element of offspring-parent communication, and suggests a sex-specific effect of hatching date on its structural component.
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| 6. |
- Sundström, Malin, 1968-
(författare)
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Övervakad eller sedd?
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Digitala fotspår finns överallt och mycket av det vi gör registreras. Ibland används kunskapen i kommersiella syften och ibland även i brottsliga. Men digitala fotspår kan faktiskt också användas i bra syften. Det får vi inte glömma bort.I dagarna har SVT varit i Handelslabbet för att bl.a. visa hur framtidens handel skulle kunna utvecklas med hjälp av teknik som håller koll på kundernas mobiltelefoner och som kan kommunicera med varje individuell kund. Ofta uppfattas det här som något mycket negativt, men jag tror att det handlar mycket om vad varje individ ser för värde i den typen av nya tjänster. Historiskt har vi t.ex. använt manuell klickräkning för att kunna planera butiksytorna men i framtiden är det både snabbare och enklare att spåra mobiltelefonerna som kunderna bär på sig. Och just nu pågår en debatt om det här med att spåra människors rörelsemönster via deras mobiltelefoner. En debatt som ofta är snedvriden och som menar att det leder till ett övervakningssamhälle som är skadligt. Och så kan det mycket väl vara.Men det finns också positiva möjligheter med den typen av spårning på offentliga platser som tex gator och torg. Genom att veta hur människor rör sig så kan städer relativt kostnadseffektivt investera i stadsutveckling. Tekniken gör det också möjligt att ta reda på var staden behöver förbättra förutsättningarn för medborgarna på nätterna. Var rör sig människor och hur kan vi göra dessa platser tryggare? Det går också att ta reda på vilka kommersiella aktörer som levererar mest attraktivitet för staden. Bör vi ha massor med caféer, eller ska vi ha vintagebutiker och lokala butiksägare? Vilken mix av aktörer gör en plats trevlig att vilja vara på? Och vilken betydelse för attraktiviteten i en stad har t.ex. julbelysning och evenemang? Sådana svar är intressanta och relevanta för väldigt många och kan leda till utveckling och positiv förändring.Av det skälet vänder jag mig emot uttrycket att människor "övervakas" och vill hellre säga att människor blir sedda.För när vi ser hur människor rör sig så kan vi, i de bästa av världar, också utveckla miljöerna så att de blir bättre, vi kan se till att cykelvägarna läggs på rätt platser, att torgen designas så att människor vill vara där och mötas och vi kan göra de gemensamma och offentliga rummen trevligare.//Malin Sundström
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| 7. |
- Sundström, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Field evaluation of a new method for estimation of liquid water content and snow water equivalent of wet snowpacks with GPR
- 2013
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Ingår i: Hydrology Research. - : IWA Publishing. - 1998-9563 .- 0029-1277 .- 2224-7955. ; 44:4, s. 600-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimates of snow water equivalent (SWE) with ground-penetrating radar can be used to calibrate and validate measurements of SWE over large areas conducted from satellites and aircrafts. However, such radar estimates typically suffer from low accuracy in wet snowpacks due to a built-in assumption of dry snow. To remedy the problem, we suggest determining liquid water content from path-dependent attenuation. We present the results of a field evaluation of this method which demonstrate that, in a wet snowpack between 0.9 and 3 m deep and with about 5 vol% of liquid water, liquid water content is underestimated by about 50% (on average). Nevertheless, the method decreases the mean error in SWE estimates to 16% compared to 34% when the presence of liquid water in snow is ignored and 31% when SWE is determined directly from two-way travel time and calibrated for manually measured snow density.
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| 8. |
- Söderberg, Marie
(författare)
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From Datsu-A to development assistance as a way of reaching out to Asia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Japan's future and a new meiji transformation: International reflections. - Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Asia’s transformations ; 54 : Taylor and Francis. - 9780429056697 - 9780429616396 ; , s. 18-26
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the famous article "Datsu-A," written in 1885 by Fukuzawa Yukichi, he argued that Japan should shift its focus from Asia to the West. At that time, it might have been a winning concept, but eventually it led Japan into war and created memories that still haunt the country and its development today. Japan’s relations with its Asian neighbors have been complex, not least due to World War II. Since the 1960s, development cooperation has been a powerful tool for Japan in dealing with its neighbors. Foreign direct investment and trade are other important pillars. Japan should build solid and constructive relationships with various international actors. Asia is in the center and Japan has moved a long way from "Datsu-A." Development cooperation is a political tool that carries significance as an "investment for the future" and where Japan has had significant experience during the last 60 years-a fact that it should not underestimate, but use wisely to build in both the present and the future, its Asian connections.
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Venezuelan Politics and Society in times of Chavismo : Política y sociedad en la Venezuela del Chavismo
- 2006
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez Frías is probably the most controversial among the Latin American political leaders of the recent decade(s). The former coup-leader (or military rebel, depending on the interpretation by the analyst), who was democratically elected President of the Republic in 1998, is likewise a forefront figure of the current wave of Leftist transformations on the continent. This first edition of the Stockholm Review of Latin American Studies is dedicated to the topic of Venezuelan politics and society in times of Chavismo. A rather broad range of researchers from three continents have contributed with distinct points of departure and scopes of focus, with the first three articles in English and the five subsequent ones in Spanish. In the first, Daniel Hellinger employs the concept of tercermundismo to approach Venezuelan politics and society in the context of rising and developing Chavismo. Aspects of social and political inclusion and exclusion are analytically revised, as well as other relevant factors behind the popularity (and the rejection) of Chávez. Thereafter, Angel Alvarez presents a series of analytical arguments regarding social cleavages and political polarization in the context of the break-down of the ancient regime and its consequences for democracy. Rickard Lalander then emphasizes the destiny of Venezuelan decentralization since Hugo Chávez came to power. José Vicente Carrasquero addresses certain aspects of participatory democracy and social and political inclusion and exclusion respectively, and offers a balance of accounts of the first seven years of the Chávez government. José Antonio Rivas Leone contributes with an historical analysis of the crises and process of de-institutionalization of the Venezuelan party system, considering both internal factors, as the exhaustion of the traditional parties, and external, like the decentralization process since 1989. In their qualitative study, Friedrich Welsch and Gabriel Reyes approach the possible social, class and ethnical differences between the supporters and the opponents of the Chávez movement, also taking into consideration citizens auto-classified as independent. The study by Carlos Blanco constitutes a critical analysis of whether the regime as officially declared is to be considered revolutionary, or, as the author argues, rather a type of neo-authoritarianism. Likewise, both the behaviour of the government and the political opposition are reviewed by Blanco, as well as Venezuela’s relationship with the United States during the Chávez government. Finally, in the contribution presented by Oscar Reyes, the main focus is the concept of 21st Century Socialism, which in recent years has been used by analysts and by Chávez himself as an umbrella term for the present Venezuelan government.
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