| 1. |
- Avelin, Anders, 1966-
(författare)
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Process Modeling of Combustion and Digesters for On-line Applications
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The use of biomass has increased in recent years due to the efforts to reduce the high emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide from combustion of fossil fuels. At the same time industrial processes have become more complex because of increased production rates and profitability requirements. A higher degree of automation is needed when the processes are too complex to be handled manually. There is a need to find modeling strategies that can automatically handle the challenges that the conversion of biomass in an industrial process entails, such as operational changes, decreasing component and overall system efficiency, drifting sensors, etc. The objective of this thesis is to develop a methodology for on-line applications in industrial processes. Dynamic process models have been developed for continuous digesters and boilers. Process models have been evaluated for their use in continuous industrial process. Applications that have been studied are monitoring and diagnostics, advanced control and decision support. The process models are designed for on-line simulations. The results shows that the use of mathematical simulation models can improve the use of both process data and process understanding, to achieve improved diagnostics, advanced control and process optimization. In the two examples of industrial processes covered in this thesis, we can see that similar types of models can be used for completely different types of processes, such as pulp digesters and boilers. It also demonstrates the ability to combine soft sensors and hard sensors with physical models to take the information to a higher level of utilization.
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| 2. |
- Bruch, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Development of Robust Production Equipment : A guide to strong collaboration between users and suppliers
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The result of today’s global and increasingly tough competition is narrow market windows and a demand for quick volume increases in production. This in turn means increased demands for a rapid and effective development of production equipment that ensures high performance right at the start of production. Robust production equipment with a high level of production efficiency and reduced costs for operation and maintenance therefore make up one of the most important factors for strong competitiveness and high profitability for Swedish industrial enterprises. Strong collaboration between users and suppliers is the key to success in this type of investment project. This handbook therefore presents a model that can be used by manufacturing companies who want to develop robust production equipment. The model and the other recommendations of the handbook focus on projects that are to be carried out in strong collaboration and are targeted at both users and suppliers. The model has been deve-loped through “EQUIP – User-supplier integration in production equipment design”, which has received funding from the Knowledge Foundation 2013–2016. The model consists of seven development phases based on the production equipment life cycle: Phase 1 – Preliminary study Phase 2 – Concept study Phase 3 – Procurement Phase 4 – Detailed design Phase 5 – Construction Phase 6 – Installation and commissioning Phase 7 – Production In each phase, critical activity steps and recommendations are presented for how to distribute responsibility within and between the parties involved. The model adopts a life cycle perspective for development projects in order to facilitate collaboration and to more clearly visualise the link between activities and their impact on the project success. Within the scope of an investment project, there is a great potential for developing sustainable production solutions. For this reason, this handbook also presents seven guidelines that may provide you with support in developing production equipment that remains secure, lean and sustainable throughout the equipment life cycle. The main purpose of the handbook is to facilitate collaboration through the whole investment project in a way that benefits both parties and which contributes to lasting relationships. The results of the research project show that there is a great interest in improved collaboration from both users and suppliers. For this reason, support, tools and preparedness from both parties are required to venture into investing time and resources in collaboration from the beginning, in the early phases of a new development project. This is then the potential to lay the foundation for long-term collaboration and for designing the best possible production equipment in the shortest time possible.
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| 3. |
- Bruch, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Utveckling av Robust Produktionsutrustning : En guide för god samverkan mellan beställare och leverantör
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Av dagens globala och allt hårdare konkurrens följer korta marknadsfönster och krav på snabb volym- uppgång i produktion. Det innebär i sin tur ökade krav på snabb och effektiv utveckling av produktions- utrustning som säkerställer hög prestanda direkt vid produktionsstart. Robust produktionsutrustning med hög produktionseffektivitet och minskade kostnader för drift och underhåll är därför en av de viktigaste faktorerna för stark konkurrenskraft och hög lönsamhet för svenska industriföretag. God samverkan mellan beställare och leverantör är nyckeln till framgång i denna typ av investerings- projekt. Denna handbok presenterar därför en modell som kan användas av tillverkande företag som vill utveckla robust produktionsutrustning. Modellen och övriga rekommendationer i handboken fokuserar på projekt som ska genomföras i stark samverkan och riktar sig till både beställaren och leverantören. Den har utvecklats i forskningsprojektet ”EQUIP – kund- och leverantörsintegration i utformning av produktionsutrustning” som finansierats av KK-stiftelsen under 2013-2016. Modellen består av sju utvecklingsfaser som är baser- ade på produktionsutrustnings livscykel: Fas 1 – Förstudie Fas 2 – Konceptstudie Fas 3 – Upphandling Fas 4 – Detaljerad utformning Fas 5 – Uppbyggnad Fas 6 – Installation och driftsättning Fas 7 – Produktion I varje fas presenteras kritiska aktivitetssteg och rekommendationer för hur ansvaret för dessa bör fördelas inom och emellan deltagande parter. Modellen använder ett livscykelperspektiv för utvecklingsprojekt för att underlätta samverkan samt tydligare visualisera sambandet mellan aktiviteter och deras påverkan på projektets framgång. Inom ramen för ett investeringsprojekt finns stor potential att utveckla hållbara produktionslösningar. Därför presenterar denna handbok även sju guider som kan stödja er i att ta fram produktionsutrustning som är säker, lean och hållbar under hela utrustningens livscykel. Huvudsyftet med handboken är att underlätta samverkan under hela investeringsprojektet på ett sätt som gagnar båda parter och bidrar till varaktiga relationer. Forskningsprojektets resultat visar att det finns ett stort intresse för främjad samverkan från både beställ- are och leverantör. Därför behövs stöd, verktyg och beredskap från båda parter för att våga investera tid och resurser på samverkan redan från början, i de tidiga faserna av ett nytt utvecklingsprojekt. Det är då potentialen att lägga grunden till långsiktig samverkan och utforma bästa möjliga produktionsutrustning på kortast möjliga tid är som störst.
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| 4. |
- Campillo, Javier, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Battery technologies for transportation applications
- 2016
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Ingår i: Technologies and Applications for Smart Charging of Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319436517 - 9783319436494 ; , s. 151-206
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- More than a fifth of the greenhouse emissions produced worldwide come from the transport sector. Several initiatives have been developed over the last few decades, aiming at improving vehicles’ energy conversion efficiency and improve mileage per liter of fuel. Most recently, electric vehicles have been brought back into the market as real competitors of conventional vehicles. Electric vehicle technology offers higher conversion efficiencies, reduced greenhouse emissions, low noise, etc. There are, however, several challenges to overcome, for instance: improving batteries’ energy density to increase the driving range, fast recharging, and initial cost. These issues are addressed on this chapter by looking in depth into both conventional and non-conventional storage technologies in different transportation applications.
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| 5. |
- Campillo, Javier, 1982-
(författare)
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From Passive to Active Electric Distribution Networks
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Large penetration of distributed generation from variable renewable energy sources, increased consumption flexibility on the demand side and the electrification of transportation pose great challenges to existing and future electric distribution networks. This thesis studies the roles of several actors involved in electric distribution systems through electricity consumption data analysis and simulation models. Results show that real-time electricity pricing adoption in the residential sector offers economic benefits for end consumers. This occurs even without the adoption of demand-side management strategies, while real-time pricing also brings new opportunities for increasing consumption flexibility. This flexibility will play a critical role in the electrification of transportation, where scheduled charging will be required to allow large penetration of EVs without compromising the network's reliability and to minimize upgrades on the existing grid. All these issues add significant complexity to the existing infrastructure and conventional passive components are no longer sufficient to guarantee safe and reliable network operation. Active distribution networks are therefore required, and consequently robust and flexible modelling and simulation computational tools are needed for their optimal design and control. The modelling approach presented in this thesis offers a viable solution by using an equation-based object-oriented language that allows developing open source network component models that can be shared and used unambiguously across different simulation environments.
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| 6. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, 1951-
(författare)
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Energy, different forms
- 2017
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Ingår i: Natural Resources Available Today and in the Future. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319542638 - 9783319542614 ; , s. 245-264
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Energy efficiency improvements by renovation actions : in Lagersberg and Råbergstorp, Stoke on Trent and Allingsås
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report covers evaluation of some renovation projects and compares energy saving effects versus renovation costs.It can be seen that advanced renovation to passive house standard is significantly more expensive than “normal” renovation, but also gives significant improvement by a 62 % reduction of total energy and 85 % reduction in heat demand. The cost associated with the renovation is somewhere in the range of 130–570 €/m2, depending on how the total renovation costs are split between energy and other aspects. Probably somewhere in-between is most correct. This can be compared to mostly better heat control by measuring temperature in every third apartment and controlling heat supply to keep a constant temperature. This gives the possibility to have a significantly lower set point, 21 ºC instead of 24 ºC as earlier. Together with some other actions, 34 % energy savings were achieved at a cost of 28 €/m2. Also renovations with significantly more actions were evaluated, where the cost also is in-between.From this we can conclude that with more advanced and costly renovations we can achieve very strong reductions, which may be feasible if the renovation demand is high anyhow, while cheap and low cost actions can be good enough for quite good buildings.Also behavior with respect to energy use was evaluated. We here can see that the use is very different in different apartments depending on behavior. Energy information actions were giving positive effects on energy demand for the majority of investigated tenants, while approximately 25 % did not reduce or even increased their consumption.
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| 8. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, 1951-
(författare)
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Energy resources and regional balances
- 2017
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Ingår i: Natural Resources Available Today and in the Future. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319542638 - 9783319542614 ; , s. 157-179
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, 1951-
(författare)
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Environment friendly contribution of the microbes to energy conversion
- 2016
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Ingår i: Microbiological Industrial Hygiene. - : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781634852937 - 9781634852685 ; , s. 349-359
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is enough biomass annual growth to replace all fossil fuels used principally. Still, only a small portion of this is actually used efficiently. In this chapter we discuss the resources and how they can be utilized in different ways. Especially use in bio-refineries is discussed, where both full scale plants and future directions is addressed. Concerning future directions for bio-refineries an EU project ABOWE demonstrated how organic waste can be used for production of chemicals like 2,3-butanediol, valeric acid, hydrogen and other organic acids. After this crops for food is discussed and how waste from agriculture can be utilized as source for production of the chemicals and crops with different metabolic paths are discussed briefly, C3, C4 and CAM crops. C3 crops are the most common while C4 and CAM have more efficient systems for CO2 fixation and also have much higher efficiency from sun to chemicals. Also other applications are presented like extraction of metals using microorganisms and production of meat replacement using fungi. Finally obstacles for the efficient utilization of biomass are discussed.
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| 10. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, 1951-
(författare)
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Impact on climate and environment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Natural Resources Available Today and in the Future. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319542638 - 9783319542614 ; , s. 265-268
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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