| 1. |
- Forsemalm, Joakim, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Urban Qualities: ett kunskapsområde
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här kunskapsöversikten är ett försök att utkristallisera relevant forskning såväl som praktisk kunskap för Mistra Urban Futures om urbana kvaliteter. Översikten är kopplad till ett arbete som genomförts under vår och höst 2011 med syfte att skapa underlag för den Strategiska plan som utgör grunden för Mistra Urban Futures planering och aktiviteter. Under våren 2011 arbetade sex grupper med varsitt kunskapsfält – urbana kvaliteter, urban förändring (”transitions”), urbana kulturer, urbana rättigheter, urban tillgänglighet och urban uthållighet. Tanken var att dessa skulle utgöra de sex bärande fokusområdena för centrets verksamhet. Sedermera kom dessa sex områden att slås ihop till tre - FAIR, GREEN och DENSE – vilka nu utgör de tre övergripande problem- och kunskapsområdena för Mistra Urban Futures.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Lundin, Per, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vittnesseminariet – ett sätt att minnas det förflutna
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Företagsminnen: Tidskrift från Föreningen Stockholms företagsminnen. - Bromma : Föreningen Stockholms företagsminnen. - 1101-7473. ; :2, s. 36-38
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 5. |
- Rånge, Max, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Windfall Gains or Eco-Innovation? 'Green' Evolution in the Swedish Innovation System
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In theory, innovation processes lie behind the evolution of national systems as they create interacting dynamics among organisations. Institutions and policies are considered means for influencing these interactive dynamics, such as shifting innovative focus from traditional to environmentally oriented production, more environmentally friendly types of energy use, or environmental protection measures, products or services. Institutions and policies are thus considered drivers of change in technologies, processes, markets, raw materials or organisational forms--innovation in a Schumpeterian sense. Shifts in energy sources, from fossil to non-fossil sources, among organisations in the Swedish innovation system therefore call for explanations in terms of changed institutions and policies and their resulting eco-innovations. This paper looks more closely into climate gas emission and the shift to non-fossil energy in Sweden; what types of organisations are behind the shift to non-fossil energy use, what are the relative effects on emissions, to what extent can these interactive dynamics be considered eco-innovations, and if so, can they be related to specific institutions and policies? Quantitative analysis of evolving innovation processes in national systems is not always possible due to a lack of reliable and multi-level time-series data sets. This is also true for eco-innovations ('green' innovations). In the Swedish case, there are detailed data sets at national, regional, organisational and employee levels, making possible the estimation of evolutionary models. Register data can be merged with time series on environmental energy consumption and emissions. Data allow for a detailed analysis of environmentally oriented innovation from at least 2003. Analyses in this paper are based on time-series of data on the recent shift from fossil to non-fossil energy sources in the Swedish innovation system, as well as data on emissions, and potentially innovation promoting parameters at organisational and employee levels. Methods are quantitative, and Cox regression is used. Previous investigations of the energy use of Swedish organisations reveal a clear shift from fossil to non-fossil energy use. This is described both in terms of cumulative energy use and effects on emissions of carbon dioxide. Data provide us with information for conclusions on why energy sources change and in interaction with what organisational parameters. For example, wood fuel and solid waste increase as sources of energy while fossil oil has decreased during the years 2003 to 2010. This result is in line with national industrial and environmental policies and presented as institutionally and policy related 'green innovation'. But a quantitative analysis contests such a conclusion and it is noticed that the shift to non-fossil sources of energy has not led to verifiable decreases in green-house gas emissions. Public ownership is the single most important contributor to green innovation in non-fossil energy use. Still, CO2emissions are not fundamentally reduced by this low-tech shift, since they do not affect end-of-pipe reductions. What we observe is in fact wind-fall gains rather than eco-innovations behind the Swedish shift from fossil to non-fossil energy use.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bryngelsson, David, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
A conceptual partial equilibrium model of global agricultural land use
- 2012
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce a conceptual partial equilibrium model of global agricultural land use, based on heterogenous land quality--an area that has received less theoretical attention than location theory. The model is based on maximization of land rent at each parcel through choice of crop and input intensity. Mechanisms of land rent and land-use competition are illustrated in a transparent way, which can be used for e.g. policy testing and for improved understanding of results from larger land-use models. A strength with this approach is that the model to a large extent can be analytically explored. We show how different crops are optimally distributed on land according to their respective area-dependent cost, i.e. costs paid per area regardless of yield. Crops with high such costs are grown on more productive land and crops with low such costs are grown on less productive land, in equilibrium. The equilibrium solution of the model is unique. Further we show how prices are connected between crops that compete for land.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ekheimer, Patrik, 1975
(författare)
-
Klorkartellen
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis is to describe the history of the Swedish chlor-alkali industry. The chlor-alkali industry produces chlorine and alkali by electrolytic de-composition of ordinary salt solution (brine). This process generates chlorine and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) in the fixed ratio 1 to 1.13. Therefore, the chlor-alkali industry needs to balance its production so that these substances will be sup-plied in fixed proportions. This problem of balance also complicates the formation of chlorine and alkali.The Swedish chlor-alkali producers conducted collaboration in form of a mutual cartel between 1944 and 1993. One reason was to manage the problem of balance. Another was to regulate the sale and to form a larger market. Since it is difficult and dangerous to store and transport chlorine, there was also a desire to optimise the logistics. Mercury and asbestos have been widely used in the manufacture of chlorine. Chlorine has also been used to bleach pulp and to manufacture PVC. Hence, industrial production and use of chlorine is associated with multiple envi-ronmental problems.This thesis has been structured around three issues: balance problem; economical problems and cartel activities; and environmental problems. The primary informa-tion covers acts from business archives, special periodicals and official documents.Until the Second World War, Sweden had shortage of both chlorine and alkali. After the war there was relative good balance between production and consump-tion until the end of the 1950s, but from 1961, Sweden has had a great shortage of sodium hydroxide. In general, Sweden has also had a surplus of chlorine, therefore, large quantities of chlorine were exported to East Germany between 1958 and 1990. The Swedish pulp and paper industry stopped using chlorine for bleaching in the beginning of the 1990s, resulting in a sharp distortion of the chlor-alkali balance and closure of several Swedish chlor-alkali plants.
|
|
| 8. |
- Forsemalm, Joakim, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Det urbana stationssamhället Forsknings- och praktikeröversikt
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Järnvägen och järnvägsstationerna har historiskt haft en stor betydelse för kommunikationer och välstånd, inte bara i Sverige, utan även globalt. Den historiska forskningen har belyst betydelsen för kultur, fritid och hushållsliv. Samhällslivets förändring och den fysiska planeringen har också studerats. Under senare år har allt större förhoppningar väckts om järnvägstransporters och stationssamhällens betydelse för tillväxten i samhällsekonomin och för möjligheter till hållbar utveckling och minskad klimatpåverkan. Det finns ett flertal nutida studier som ger en god bild av ekonomiskt värdeskapande utifrån exempelvis köpbeslut. Hur värderar människor närhet till kollektivtrafik och att bo i stationsnära lägen? Det finns forskning som visar att närhet till kollektivtrafik påverkar fastighetsvärden. Det finns också flera undersökningar från senare tid av vilka kvaliteter som resenärer värdesätter i kollektivtrafiken. Däremot har ingen undersökt relationen mellan livsstilsval och motiv för att bo i det hållbara samhället som motsvaras av ett tänkt framtida stationssamhälle. Det goda livet som Västra Götalandsregionen vill ge sina invånare – kan det livet levas i det urbana stationssamhället? Vad för värden kan skapas i nästa generation av stationssamhällen? Vilka preferenser motsvarar det? I denna kunskapsöversikt ger vi en bild av aktuella perspektiv och problem. En viktig fråga som behöver studeras mer är hur stationssamhället värderas som plats för vardagslivet och som lösning på hållbar utveckling. Flera av de stationssamhällen som finns idag etabledes i samband med järnvägens införande. Intresset har nu åter ökat för att utveckla stationssamhällen med möjligheterna till energieffektiva transporter, hållbar samhällsutveckling och regionförstoring med större arbetsmarknad. I kunskapsöversikten visar praktikerexemplen på vilka möjligheter en utveckling av stationerna kan ge och vilka framgångsfaktorerna har varit.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hamark, Jesper, 1973
(författare)
-
Technology and Productivity in the Port of Gothenburg c. 1850-1965
- 2014
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Maritime History. - : SAGE Publications. - 0843-8714 .- 2052-7756. ; 26:2, s. 265-287
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the timing and impact of technological change in Scandinavia’s largest port, Gothenburg. It argues that technological change was gradual for a long period of time and that the forklift and the pallet—introduced in 1947 and diffused in the mid-1950s—was responsible for setting off a series of changes. Productivity growth is a subject much neglected in precontainer port studies. The current analysis goes beyond earlier, simplistic notions of productivity and offers new ways of measuring port output. The productivity figures presented strongly indicate growth up to the Second World War—an empirical finding that contrasts with results from other ports. And the study goes on to suggest that growth accelerated in the postwar years. The pattern offers tentative support for the contention that the impact of the forklift was revolutionary.
|
|
| 10. |
- Höjer, Mattias, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
Backcasting images of the future city-Time and space for sustainable development in Stockholm
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 78:5, s. 819-834
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents and discusses a backcasting study for Stockholm 2050. The focus is on developing images of a future where Stockholm citizens have sustainable energy use-here defined as a 60% reduction per capita over a 50-year period. The perspective is that of households, so all energy is allocated to individuals' activities rather than being discussed from a sector perspective. Six images of the future are developed by combining a space dimension (three versions of changes in urban structure) and a time dimension (two versions of people's life tempo). Added to this is technological development, so that the images of the future illustrate how combinations of planning, behavioural change and technological development could lead to sustainable energy use.
|
|
