| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Tillman, Anne-Marie, 1958, et al.
(author)
-
After 10 years and 300 students. Our LCA teaching experience.
- 2002
-
In: Engineering Education in Sustainable Development. ; , s. 611-616
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our LCA teaching experience started with organizing the first LCA course in Sweden in 1992 — it was a course on a national level for doctoral students. After that, we continued with one LCA course each year for undergraduate students (3rd or 4th year students). During the first years (1993-1995), the course was given as a summer course for international students. But since 1996, the LCA course is given as an ordinary, elective course for all engineering students at Chalmers, attracting som 30 students every year. Most of them are Chalmers students, but a number of students from Göteborg University, doctoral students and working engineers from around Sweden also find their way to our course. In addition to the LCA course, we also give "the 2 hour lecture" orientation about LCA in the compulsory environmental course for 1st/2nd year students at Chalmers, and we have run around 25 LCA projects as MSc Diploma projects. Based on our broad experience, we will talk about how LCA education can aim at different levels of understanding (from the 'know about" level, via the "reflect critically" level, to the "carry out" level) and what this implies concerning reading material, exercises, the use of LCA software and LCA manuals. We will also talk about student reactions to working in interdisciplinary groups and with open problems.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Wallbaum, Holger, 1967
(author)
-
Denk- und Kommunikationsansätze zur Bewertung des Nachhaltigen Bauens und Wohnens anhang der Ökologischen Wohnsiedlung Flintenbreire in Lübeck
- 2002
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- It is the aim of the present study to detect the reasons for these grievances, taking as an example the new Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite, and to demonstrate alternative solutions. For this purpose, different concepts of assessment are employed which meet the requirements of a full life cycle analysis. From the ecological perspective, these are the software tool GaBi of the University of Stuttgart, the MIPS concept of the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment, Energy as well as the software tool GEMIS from the Eco Institute. In order to assess the quantity and quality of the area consumption, a special calculation method was developed on the basis of “Hemerobiestufen”, which illustrate the degree of naturalness of a surface area. The BKI Kostenplaner of the Baukosteninformationszentrum is used to analyze the economic factors. In order to assess social aspects, a special assessment method on the basis of national and international discussions is developed and applied. Apart from taking into account generally accepted ecological indicators, this study also attempts to develop economic indicators as well as indicators for measuring social sustainability of housing development concepts. By means of a working example the practicability of these indicators is examined. For assessing the degree of sustainability reached at the Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite 15 indicators are used. These are:•The Total Material Requirement (TMR)•The Accumulated Expenditure of Energy (KEA)•The Global Warming Potential related to 100 years (GWP 100)•Area consumption•Water consumption•Planning and implementation costs•Costs of construction and production•Costs of utilization including maintenance costs•Costs of pulling down, disposal and restoration•Average renting costs•Age composition of the residents•Income structure of the residents•Unemployment rate of the residents•Quota of women employed•Possibilities of participation of the residentsFor assessing and visualizing the several indicators, the COMPASS method, developed at the Wuppertal Institute, is applied.Since the process of construction at the Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite has been delayed as a result of the insolvencies of two of the developing companies, up to date only 26 of the planned 119 housing units have been completed. Therefore, in order to obtain valuable results the scientific approach had to be reduced in the course of this study. As the central elements of the approach the building above ground and the sewage concept, which has been used on a larger scale for the first time and which is based on a vacuum technique, are focused on. Apart from savings in water (only 1 liter per flush), this trend-setting, integrated sewage concept takes into account the utilization of nutrients and the energy content of excrements and biological waste. For that purpose, the flows grey water (residues without excrements), black water (toilet residues), rainwater and biological waste are dealt with separately within the whole concept. Through the fermentation of biological waste and excrements, biogas is won which is then used for power production in the housing estate’s own cogeneration plant. Three filters (constructed wetlands in the form of sand filters planted with reeds) are used for clearing the grey water. Using hollows on the 4.9 hectare wide housing development area, rainwater can seep away directly. The liquid manure remaining after anaerobic treatment is collected in a reservoir and used for agricultural means. Thus, nutrient cycles can be completed.Despite partly positive results it must be stated that these building measures, with regard to the building above ground, do not make a valuable contribution as far as more sustainable building is concerned. The sewage concept appears to be more apt to meet this requirement, although optimizing steps have yet to follow.Stakeholders from many different fields can take such steps in their respective discipline but also with regard to the interdisciplinary perspective. The chance to act beyond the boundaries of one’s own discipline, the ability to communicate as a key to joint action as well as the ability to see and open up new paths require new approaches and possibilities of acting. Thus, it is the duty of private persons, functionaries and elected candidates alike to help ensure corresponding education and qualification.Apart from that, on the international level, it is essential to initiate a changed, honest and consistent orientation of the rules of the WTO, the ILO and the UNEP without which a sustainable development will continue to be a utopia. And perhaps we may even have to go one step further and overcome an economy of interest and compound interest that is destroying resources, in order to be able to live the dream of a sustainable economic system.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(author)
-
Modelling substance flows in urban sewer systems using MATLAB/Simulink
- 2002
-
In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on: Urban Drainage ,September 8-13 2002, Portland, OR, USA/ Strecker, E. W., Huber, W. C.. - 0784406448
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A model for simulation of substance flows in urban sewer systems has been developed in the computer programme package MATLAB/Simulink. The model is called SEWSYS and it handles fluxes of substances within an urban catchment. SEWSYS keeps track of each substance; where it originates and where it finally ends up. Some of the substances included are water, phosphorus, nitrogen, heavy metals and PAH. SEWSYS consists of a stormwater module, sanitary wastewater module and a wastewater treatment plant with nitrogen reduction. Verifications have been carried out both for each component separately and for the model as a whole. The results show that the modelling approach is valid, but further enhancements should be made.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ahlman, Stefan, 1973, et al.
(author)
-
Substance flow analysis of the stormwater system in Vasastaden, Göteborg
- 2002
-
In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on: Urban Drainage, September 8-13 2002, Portland, OR, USA / Strecker, E. W., Huber, W. C.. - 0784406448
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A substance flow analysis of the stormwater system in Vasastaden in the city of Göteborg has been carried out using a substance flow model called SEWSYS. The model handles fluxes of substances within an urban catchment and keeps track of each substance; where it originates and where it finally ends up. The present sewer system has been studied and the status of sustainability evaluated. Different abatement measures to achieve a system with more sustainability have been modelled and evaluated. The measures include source control and end-of-pipe solutions. From this study it may be concluded that all the studied measures individually lead towards a very high reduction of the discharges of pollution to the water body, but the source control measures are recommended as a first choice since they by definition are sustainable.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
