| 1. |
- Lewis, Erin, 1980-
(author)
-
Radiant Textiles : A framework for designing with electromagnetic phenomena
- 2021
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The design of smart, interactive, computational, and electronic textiles involves working with unknown variables that expand the tangible dimensions of textiles. Non-visual concepts such as electromagnetic fields, electrical current, computational code, and the temporal attributes of materials that exhibit dynamic qualities require that textile designers be able to perceive and manipulate domains of the textile that extend beyond its conventional forms of expression. Through these qualities, the textile becomes an interface to otherwise imperceptible phenomena of electromagnetism and thereby opens up to new textile design expressions. However, to do so requires a shift in the understanding of how fundamental textile concepts such as material, form, and expression interrelate to affect the expressive domain of the textile itself.This research aims to describe the material attributes, characteristics, and expressions of electromagnetic phenomena as explored through experimental research methods and suggests ways in which electromagnetic phenomena can be worked with as a design material for smart textiles. Further, it seeks to expand upon conventional design variables of textiles to include its electromagnetic domain. The experiments presented in this thesis suggest a framework for working with magnetic, dielectric, and conductive materials through textile techniques of weaving and knitting. The experiments point to the interrelationship between the textile material, structure, and form, identifying this triad as the key influencers that determine how textile expressions can embrace electromagnetic phenomena.The results of the experimental work are methods that show accessible ways for textile designers to visualize and perceive electromagnetic fields in textiles, such as sensing the impressions of textile structures on the magnetic field using a method of scanned-surface imaging; perceiving electromagnetic fields using textile antennas and spatial exploration, resulting in sonic expression; and kinetic textile behaviours at the yarn level through magnetic interactions. Furthermore, the design possibilities of the materials, methods and tools suggested in this thesis are demonstrated through examples of interactive artefacts, e.g., in the form of ambient energy harvesting forest mobiles and radio-frequency (RF) body extensions. The results suggest the variety of electromagnetic textile expressions that can be created when methods and tools to perceive and manipulate electromagnetic phenomena in textiles are consciously utilized.
|
|
| 2. |
- Lidström, Anna
(author)
-
Remake: Design Foundations
- 2020
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- leftovers, waste, and surplus generated by increasing production and consumption of material goods. Their problem is not new, and over the last decade the search for a solution has given rise to various theories about and technologies for resource recovery and waste management. In the fashion and clothing industry, designers have explored ways to reuse and remanufacture production and consumption waste and surplus before recycling material components on a fiber level, thereby aiming to realize greater environmental savings. While several examples of design practices building on different forms of reuse and remanufacturing approaches exist, foundational theoretical methods for design remain poorly researched. This thesis explores and analyzes the aesthetic potential in textile and clothing waste and surplus for new design expressions and functions. Fashion design students performed initial methodological explorations through practicing redesign to find central concepts in design thinking that present opportunities and challenges for remake methods. The exploration shows a challenge to go from thinking fashion design as a method of remembering, preserving and showing, to remake fashion design as a method of forgetting, destroying and searching. In this thesis one method has so far been developed. However, the findings point to several methodological challenges in selecting and reworking materials within the context of the remake. These methods need to be explored and developed further to strengthen remake models and practices, and the central characteristic of traditional fashion design thinking needs to be developed further for a fundamental shift in thinking towards remake and redesign fashion design.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lundstedt, Lotta
(author)
-
Repetition Recurrence Return
- 2021
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Repetition is part of our everyday lives: it is all around us, in patterns, art, and habits like having a cup of tea or getting dressed each morning. Repetition, recurrence, and return are also fundamental in nature – there are shifts in the seasons and regular, rhythmic elements, such as the weather, that occur over and over again. In order to repeat you have to remember what you did last time, and memories are intimate and can be associated with personal relationships with objects or clothes; they are not written down but preserved in memories of lived events, which over time become mythologised. In fashion, repetition is linked to imitation: we see how our friends, partners, and people on social media are dressed, and we want to look the same. This has created endless loops of trends, wherein we constantly strive for the new. When we consciously repeat or return there is the possibility to pay attention to our behaviour in relation to consumption and how we spend our time, wear our clothes, and relate to the natural world.This thesis has taken me on a journey which started with the world of repetition, where memories, habits, and nature are visited and revisited. The journey progressed through five destinations/projects at a slow pace: at each, textile art, craft and fashion were explored. Repetition, recurrence, and return were used as methods to explore time and timing in textile making with a focus on the tension and duality between the making and the made.
|
|
| 4. |
- Peterson, Karin, 1979-
(author)
-
Reversed Crafting
- 2020
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Reversed Crafting is an inquiry that aims to investigate alternative methods of form giving and manufacturing and their aesthetic consequence for dress. It is a practice-led venture that explores alternative materials and mediums through digital and analogue tools, rethinking what dress can be if not relying on currently dominant processes of form-giving and production. Its context is the interdependent relationship of cut and assemble as a method for artistic practice and as a system for manufacturing. Historically developed as a method and a craftsmanship for bespoke, on-demand production, cut and assemble is regarded by many as unsuited for industrial manufacturing, often directed by a high turnaround capitalist system. As an industry it is often described as unsustainable, both in regards to environmental and social challenges. Currently, the field is experiencing an influx of 3D digital tools, both directed at final production and form giving. Often arguing a democratisation of both design and manufacturing, the integration of 3D digital tools to the field are highly anticipated. However, commonly migrated from other disciplines, these methods are often merged with cut and assemble, rather than investigated as holistic and real alternatives. In relation to digital manufacturing, the perceived absence of suitable materials for the final artefact is far more debated then what to produce when these materials inevitably become ready at hand. Arguably, these methods of digital manufacturing, the technical how, has a plethora of real or speculated solutions. Nevertheless, the question of what, through an aesthetic reasoning, these techniques can suggest or enable as examples of dress are often less considered. Therefore, the work presented in this licenciate wish to speculate on aesthetic consequences of dress through physical investigations neither commencing, nor ending with the cut and assemble of textile on roll. It proposes the notion of reversed crafting as a way of thinking in order to facilitate the making of dress in a future system where craft knowledge is foremost required at the initial stages of interpreting and developing what is being produced rather than at the actual stage of production.
|
|
| 5. |
- Erdtman, Emil
(author)
-
Mellan princip och praktik : Samtal om hur universell utformning förstås och praktiseras i Sverige
- 2021. - 1
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Universell utformning (härefter UD efter engelskans Universal Design) handlar omdesign som inkluderar alla människor, inklusive personer medfunktionsnedsättningar. UD finns med som en förpliktelse i FN:s konvention omrättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning. Det innebär att UD ingår ipolicyer för många samhällsområden som ett politiskt åtagande för nya produkter och miljöer, men också program och tjänster.Denna licentiatuppsats bygger på två vetenskapliga artiklar som syftar till att belysa hur UD förstås och vilka erfarenheter som finns av att praktisera UD i Sverige. Professionella och aktivister från akademi, näringsliv, offentlig sektor ochcivilsamhälle deltog i individuella intervjuer, en gruppintervju och en workshop. Det transkriberade materialet analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Pragmatism och framför allt dess semiotiska gren användes för att analysera hurbegrepp förhåller sig till olika betydelser och företeelser de betecknar.Resultaten uppvisade en variation i hur deltagarna förstod och praktiserade UD.Deltagarna talade om UD som vägledande princip för designprocesser, som strävande mot ett inkluderande samhälle och som förenande av olika policyperspektiv. Det fanns skepsis och kritik men allmänt sågs UD som berikande och som självklart vid en snabb blick men desto svårare att greppa på djupet och realisera i praktiken. Deltagarna hade erfarenheter från arbete med UD inom områdena bostäder, arbetsliv och utbildning. De beskrev en ideal praktik av UD som en beredskap för den mänskliga mångfalden kombinerat med en flexibel design med hänsyn till människors olikheter, ibland med personligt stöd. Begreppet UD användes strategiskt som en del av ett större kluster av relaterade begrepp om tillgänglighet, mångfald, inkludering och hållbarhet. De förespråkade inte fokus på exakt begreppsanvändning utan på övningar, objekt och strategiska frågeställningar för att väcka empati och en förståelse som leder till att fler perspektiv tas med i designprocesser för att användbarheten i slutändan ska förbättras. Det sågs som viktigt att med hjälp av UD motverka segregering och stigmatisering genom att inte kategorisera människor enbart utifrån funktionsnedsättning.Samtalen speglar ett antal dilemman och debatter som jag diskuterar i uppsatsen:inkludering av alla kontra separata lösningar, individuella anpassningar ochspänningen mellan regelefterlevnad och nytänkande när det gäller akutatillgänglighetsproblem och långsiktiga lärandeprocesser. Diskussionen avslutas med reflektioner om hur UD kan ses som ett design- och policykoncept med praktisk inriktning, men också om behovet av att utveckla och kontextualisera UD för att vara relevant i nya sammanhang. Olika sätt att tala om och utföra UD kan komplettera varandra men behöver tydliggöras och förklaras. För att UD som princip om inkludering och mångfald inte ska stanna vid ett symboliskt ideal behövs i varje situation dialoger och samskapande kring nästa handlingssteg.Kunskapen om hur UD uppfattas och praktiseras i Sverige belyser såväl argument och diskussioner som dilemman och möjligheter i relation till UD ochförändringsprocesser för ett samhälle för alla.
|
|
| 6. |
- Abbas, Muhammad
(author)
-
Requirements-Level Reuse Recommendation and Prioritization of Product Line Assets
- 2021
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Software systems often target a variety of different market segments. Targeting varying customer requirements requires a product-focused development process. Software Product Line (SPL) engineering is one possible approach based on reuse rationale to aid quick delivery of quality product variants at scale. SPLs reuse common features across derived products while still providing varying configuration options. The common features, in most cases, are realized by reusable assets. In practice, the assets are reused in a clone-and-own manner to reduce the upfront cost of systematic reuse. Besides, the assets are implemented in increments, and requirements prioritization also has to be done. In this context, the manual reuse analysis and prioritization process become impractical when the number of derived products grows. Besides, the manual reuse analysis process is time-consuming and heavily dependent on the experience of engineers.In this licentiate thesis, we study requirements-level reuse recommendation and prioritization for SPL assets in industrial settings. We first identify challenges and opportunities in SPLs where reuse is done in a clone-and-own manner. We then focus on one of the identified challenges: requirements-based SPL assets reuse and provide automated support for identifying reuse opportunities for SPL assets based on requirements. Finally, we provide automated support for requirements prioritization in the presence of dependencies resulting from reuse.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Angelica
(author)
-
Mode choice modelling of long-distance passenger transport based on mobile phone network data
- 2022
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Reliable forecasting models are needed to achieve the climate related goals in the face of increasing transport demand. Such models can predict the long-term behavioural response to policy interventions, including infrastructure investments, and thus provide valuable pre-dictions for decision makers. Contemporary forecasting models are mainly based on national travel surveys. Unfortunately, the response rates of such surveys have steadily declined, implying that the respondents become less representative of the whole population. A particular weakness is that it is likely that respondents with a high valuation of time are less willing to respond to surveys (because they have less time available for such), and therefore there is a high chance that they are underrepresented among the respondents. The valuation of time plays an important role for the cost benefit analyses of public policies including transport investments, and there is no reliable way of controlling for this uneven sampling of time preferences. Fortunately, there is simultaneously an increase in the number of signals sent between mobile phones and network antennae, and research has now reached the point where it is possible to determine not only the travel destination but also the travel mode based on mobile phone network antennae connections. The aim of this thesis is to investigate if and how mobile phone network data can be used to estimate transportation mode choice demand models that can be used for forecasting and planning. Key challenges with using this data source in the context of mode choice models are identified and met. The identified challenges include uncertainty in the choice variable, the difficulty to distinguish car and bus trips, and the lack of information about the trip purpose. In the first paper we propose three possible model formulations and analyse how the uncertainty in the choice outcome variable would play a role in the different model formulations. We also conclude that it is indeed possible to estimate mode choice demand models based on mobile phone network data, with good results in terms of behavioural interpretability and significance. In the second paper we estimate models using a nested logit structure to account for the difficulty in separating bus and car, and a latent class model specification to meet the challenge of having an unknown trip purpose.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bergman, Sandra, 1985-
(author)
-
The Dynamics of Developing Leadership Communication in Organisations
- 2020
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Leadership development is an area which is a top priority for organisations. While communication has historically been viewed as one of many leadership activities, it has recently been suggested to be more central to, even constitutive of, leadership. It has also been put forth that communication researchers may provide a means to develop new theoretical frameworks from which to develop leadership.The purpose of this thesis is to further the theoretical understanding of communicative leadership development, specifically in the form of training efforts. Furthermore, the goal is to provide a new understanding to practitioners who are working with the development of communicative leadership.This is a compilation thesis that consists of three papers. An initial literature review shows that the development of leadership communication receives interest from fields related to health, for instance, from nursing teams, businesses, the military and construction. On the other hand, the subject doesn’t receive as much attention from the field of communication studies. The results of the thesis are based on interviews with managers and communication professionals in two organisations. The findings show several benefits from having communication professionals take on a role as communication trainers, such as increased visibility of the communication department within the organisation and the opportunity to continue to support the leaders after the trainings. Additionally, a framework of adult learning is used to analyse the interviews, which highlights several points of adult learning that are relevant to the development of leadership communication.Based on the empirical data and the literature review, a model of communicative leadership development is suggested. This model is an amalgamation of what was learned from the three papers and summarises the understanding that was gained. Moreover, the model should provide practitioners with a basis for developing communicative leadership trainings as well as for developing the theory of communicative leadership.
|
|
| 9. |
- Berry, Carl, 1994-
(author)
-
Income and Fuel Price Elasticities of Car Use
- 2022
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Understanding how car travel and ownership respond to income and fuel prices, and how that response varies between households is crucial for car use policies and forecasts. This thesis, consisting of two papers, aims to investigate this by estimating the intemporal income and fuel price elasticities of car use using micro registry panel data on all Swedish households from 1998 to 2018. In Paper I, the income and fuel price elasticities of vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT) is estimated for all Swedish households using a linear fixed effects model. In order to investigate how different groups respond, the elasticities are estimated by income group and municipality type. The effect of income and fuel prices on VKT is largest in the middle of the income distribution but is relatively stable across municipality types. The effect of fuel prices on VKT is largest in densely populated municipalities compared to rural municipalities. Moreover, it is shown that the income elasticity is underestimated if income variable is misspecified. Paper II utilises a discrete-continuous model accounting for the effect of income and fuel prices on car ownership. It is shown that income impacts car ownership and VKT conditional on car ownership of similar magnitude, while fuel prices primarily impact VKT conditional on car ownership. Furthermore, we also estimate the model on six partially overlapping sample periods and find that the income elasticity has decreased over time, while the absolute fuel price elasticity increased up until the early 2010s and decreased thereafter.
|
|
| 10. |
- Håkansson, Per
(author)
-
Rate as the relation of changes in two quantities : A variation theory perspective of learning rate of change
- 2020
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis comprises three original papers about learning rate of change in school mathematics. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute with knowledge in this particular area of research. Within this aim, each of the original papers contribute with its own perspective. The theoretical framework used in the thesis is variation theory of learning (Marton & Booth, 1997; Marton, 2015), by which learning is seen as experiencing a phenomenon in a new way. This theoretical point of departure is reflected in the research question of the thesis: What is critical to discern to use and express rate as a measure of the relation of changes in two quantities? The empirical study was conducted as a learning study (Pang & Marton, 2003). A learning study is an iterative, interventional research arrangement in which teachers and researchers collaboratively explore a specific ability, the object of learning, worthwhile for the students to learn. The object of learning related to this thesis, ‘to express the quantitative rate of change of a linear relation’, was explored in a series of three research lessons at a secondary school. Data consists of students’ responses to written pre- and post-tests, and lesson videos. Some data have been analysed during the on-going empirical study and some data have been analysed after it was concluded. Principles from variation theory have been used as tools for analysis throughout the study. Main results of Paper I demonstrate how two critical aspects are identified and revised through the process of learning study. In Paper II the results indicate that qualitatively different questions in a task may affect students’ ways to relate changes in two quantities. The results of Paper III suggest how different perspectives of slope may promote homogeneity as an aspect of rate. Results also comprise six critical aspects of the object of learning, four of which was identified by revisiting the results of Paper II. In summary, the critical aspects also specify the meaning of a covariational perspective of rate. Results are discussed in relation to previous educational research about rate of change, covariation of quantities and students’ conceptions of rate and slope. Further research directions are suggested.
|
|
