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- Sandberg, Dick, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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The Concept of Value Activation : the PrimWood Method for Improved Properties.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Timber and Wood Composites for the Next Century.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Value Activation is an integrated R&D programme carried out for the last eight years at the Royal Institute of Technology, Wood Technology and Processing. The name Value Activation refers to the basic understanding ofwood, where at present there are properties that are not fully exploited, but with help of a new sawing pattern could be fully utilized. The basic idea lies at an industrial level producing radially sawn timber with good profitability and with a lesser and mostly a controllable moisture movement. In short it implies an activation of values of timber, that has not been exploited in ordinary industrial production to date. This paper gives one example how the basic ideas in the concept ofValue Activation have been implemented to the industry. A new manufacturing system, the Prim Wood Method, has been proposed in order to improve the utilization of wood. One basic idea within this method is a new sawing pattern called star-sawing, which produces timber with two different shapes, viz., timber with rectangular and triangular cross sections. This method facilitates an efficient production of radially sawn timber with vertical annual rings, and without pith and juvenile wood. The triangles produced in star-sawing are used for producing high quality, knot free panels with vertical annual rings, PrimWood Prism. In this process, the timber is finger-jointed to form knot-free lengths and glued together into a block. This block can then be divided according to thickness into boards with vertical annual rings. In star-sawing, a certain volume of clear pieces will be obtained which are relatively long, i.e. longer than 1 metre. It is not desirable to finger-joint these boards, but instead to manufacture PrimWood Prism without a finger-joint. The first full-scale industrial plants based on the Value Activation concept are now in production in nothern Sweden. At full capacity, the saw mill will produce around 18000 m3 of star-sawn pine a year and shift. The plant for Prim Wood Prism will produce around 5 000 m3 a year and shift. The company is expect to generate two to three times the usual value from each log.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization, a tool with which to create an effective drying schedule
- 1998
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Ingår i: Holzforschung. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0018-3830 .- 1437-434X. ; 52:5, s. 530-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for defining effective schedules for kiln drying of wood is presented. The method is designed in such a way that it proposes an optimized variation of temperature and humidity which yields the minimum total drying time, with the condition that the moisture content and the deformation not exceed specified limits after the drying and that the stress not exceeds a specified level at any time during the drying process in order to avoid crack development. To demonstrate the capability of the optimization method numerical results are presented. It should be noted that ill this first approach, drying starts from moisture content corresponding to the fibre-saturation point, i.e. approximate to 30%).
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Härlin, Mikael
(författare)
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Tree-thinking and nemertean systematics, with a systematization of the Eureptantia
- 1998
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Ingår i: Hydrobiologia. - 0018-8158 .- 1573-5117. ; 365:1, s. 33-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I review how some influential nemertean systematistshave perceived and illustrated phylogenetic trees andargue that the nineteenth century nemerteantaxonomists still influence many contemporarynemertean taxonomists to a high degree. By showing hownineteenth century systematics differs from moremodern views on trees, I hope to convey the advantagesof a cladistic approach to tree-thinking and nemerteansystematics. Furthermore I propose a systematizationof the Eureptantia that illustrates the cladisticapproach to tree-thinking but, more importantly, isalso a better representation of eureptantic phylogenythan previous classifications.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Sandberg, Dick, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Radially sawn timber : Knots - number, type and size in star-sawn triangular profiles of pine (Pinus silvestris L) and spruce (Picea abies Karst)
- 1996
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Ingår i: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-3768 .- 1436-736X. ; 54:6, s. 369-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the appearance and number of knots in star-sawn triangular profiles of pine (Pinus silvestris L) and spruce (Picea abies Karst). The emphasis is placed on obtaining the volume yield of boards with a given knot appearance, together with the sizes of the fibre disturbances around the knots and how they affect the yield. The test material has been taken from three regions in Sweden and is made up of butt logs of pine and of normal and fast-growing spruce. The results show that a large proportion of the knots found in the triangular profiles from butt logs are unacceptable in further refinement of the timber and must be removed. Very few healthy knots can be found. To produce knot free boards, a volume reduction of on average 8 and 21 percent is obtained for pine and spruce respectively, calculated with respect to the original profile volume. If the fibre disturbance around the knots is also removed, a further volume loss of 5 percentage for pine and 6 percentage for spruce is obtained. The boards produced have a broad spectrum of lengths between 2 and 500 centimetres for pine and between 2 and 400 centimetres for spruce.
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