| 1. |
- Jurstrand, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis omp1 genotypes among sexually transmitted disease patients in Sweden
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 39:11, s. 3915-3919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for detection and genotyping of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections based on omp1 gene amplification and sequencing was developed. DNA was extracted from urogenital or urine samples using a Chelex-based method, and an approximately 1,100-bp-long fragment from the omp1 gene was directly amplified and sequenced. Genotyping was performed by BLAST similarity search, and phylogenetic tree analysis was used to illustrate the evolutionary relationships between clinical isolates and reference strains. The method was used to determine the genotypes of C. trachomatis in 237 positive urogenital and/or urine specimens collected at a Swedish sexually transmitted disease clinic during 1 year. The most common genotypes corresponded to serotypes E (47%) and F (17%). The omp1 gene was highly conserved for genotype E (106 of 112 samples without any mutation) and F (41 of 42 samples without any mutation) strains but appear slightly less conserved for genotypes G (n = 6) and H (n = 6), where the sequences displayed one to four nucleotide substitutions relative to the reference sequence. Genotyping of samples collected at the follow-up visit indicated that two patients had become reinfected, while three other patients suffered treatment failure or reinfection. One woman appeared to have a mixed infection with two different C. trachomatis strains. This omp1 genotyping method had a high reproducibility and could be used for epidemiological characterization of sexually transmitted Chlamydia infections.
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| 2. |
- Jansson, Kjell, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Postoperative on line monitoring with intraperitoneal microdialysis is a sensitive clinical method for measuring increased anaerobic metabolism that correlates to the cytokine response
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 39:5, s. 434-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Visceral ischaemia and cytokine release are early stages in the development of shock and multiorgan failure. Because of lack of methods to measure anaerobic metabolism or visceral hypoxia in the early phase, diagnosis is not usually established until shock and organ failure are evident. Methods: Nineteen patients were studied postoperatively after major abdominal gastrointestinal surgery. A microdialysis catheter was placed intraperitoneally before closure of the abdomen. Analysis of glucose, pyruvate and lactate was performed every second hour and the ratio between lactate and pyruvate was calculated. Peritoneal fluid was collected from a peritoneal drainage for analysis of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin 10 (IL‐10). Results: Sixteen of the patients had a normal postoperative course; the lactate/pyruvate ratio started at the level of 20 immediately postoperatively and decreased significantly during the first 45 postoperative hours (P = 0.007). A similar pattern was recorded for peritoneal TNF‐α, which decreased correspondingly (P = 0.003). A correlation coefficient of 0.303 (P < 0.001) between lactate/pyruvate ratio and TNF‐α was found. After an initial short increase, IL‐10 decreased over time (P < 0.001). Three of the patients had abnormalities in the microdialysis results, cytokines and clinical outcome. These patients are presented separately. Conclusions: A normal postoperative course results in a decrease in the intraperitoneal lactate/pyruvate ratio, TNF‐α and IL‐10. A correlation between the intraperitoneal lactate/pyruvate ratio and TNF‐α was found which suggests that intraperitoneal microdialysis is a sensitive, indirect method in analysing the postoperative intraperitoneal inflammatory response. A complicated postoperative course was preceded by increase of the peritoneal lactate/pyruvate ratio interpreted as splanchnic hypoxia and also an increased TNF‐α level.
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| 3. |
- Jass, Jana, et al.
(författare)
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Physical properties of Escherichia coli P pili measured by optical tweezers
- 2004
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Ingår i: Biophysical Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3495 .- 1542-0086. ; 87:6, s. 4271-4283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanical behavior of individual P pili of uropathogenic Escherichia coli has been investigated using optical tweezers. P pili, whose main part constitutes the PapA rod, composed of approximately 10(3) PapA subunits in a helical arrangement, are distributed over the bacterial surface and mediate adhesion to host cells. They are particularly important in the pathogenesis of E. coli colonizing the upper urinary tract and kidneys. A biological model system has been established for in situ measurements of the forces that occur during mechanical stretching of pili. A mathematical model of the force-versus-elongation behavior of an individual pilus has been developed. Three elongation regions of pili were identified. In region I, P pili stretch elastically, up to a relative elongation of 16 +/- 3%. The product of elasticity modulus and area of a P pilus, EA, was assessed to 154 +/- 20 pN (n=6). In region II, the quaternary structure of the PapA rod unfolds under a constant force of 27 +/- 2 pN (n approximately 100) by a sequential breaking of the interactions between adjacent layers of PapA subunits. This unfolding can elongate the pilus up to 7 +/- 2 times. In region III, pili elongate in a nonlinear manner as a result of stretching until the bond ruptures.
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| 4. |
- Kadi, Fawzi, et al.
(författare)
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Satellite cells and myonuclei in young and elderly women and men
- 2004
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Ingår i: Muscle and Nerve. - : Wiley. - 0148-639X .- 1097-4598. ; 29:1, s. 120-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall aim of this study was to assess the effects of aging on the satellite cell population. Muscle biopsies were taken from the tibialis anterior muscle of healthy, moderately active young (age range, 20-32 years; n = 31) and elderly (age range, 70-83 years; n = 27) women and men with comparable physical activity pattern. Satellite cells and myonuclei were visualized using a monoclonal antibody against neural cell adhesion molecule and counterstained with Mayer's hematoxylin. An average of 211 (range, 192-241) muscle fibers were examined for each individual. Compared with the young women and men, the elderly subjects had a significantly lower (P < 0.011) number of satellite cells per muscle fiber but a significantly higher (P < 0.004) number of myonuclei per muscle fiber. The number of satellite cells relative to the total number of nuclei [satellite cells/(myonuclei + satellite cells)] was significantly lower in the elderly than in the young women and men. These results imply that a reduction in the satellite cell population occurs as a result of increasing age in healthy men and women.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Blood supply and oxidative metabolism in muscle biopsies of female cleaners with and without myalgia
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 20:6, s. 440-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Pathomechanisms of work-related myalgia are poorly understood. Myalgia is thought to be caused by excitation of nociceptors present in the muscular tissue but not in the muscle fiber itself. Muscle contraction in combination with hypoxia is known to excite nociceptors. Morphologic analysis can contribute to the knowledge of the excitation of nociceptors. This study thoroughly examines the morphology of the trapezius muscle's capillary supply and signs of disturbed oxidative metabolism to understand their role in work-related myalgia. METHODS: Surgical trapezius muscle biopsies were obtained from 25 female cleaners with long-standing work-related myalgia, 25 female cleaners without trapezius myalgia, and 21 healthy teachers. Enzyme and immunohistochemical stainings were performed to highlight fibers with aberrant intermyofibrillar patterns, indicating a disturbed oxidative metabolism (also known as moth-eaten fibers) and a disturbed capillary supply of different fibers. RESULTS: A significantly lower number of capillaries per fiber area in cleaners suffering from myalgia compared with cleaners without trapezius myalgia was found. Moth-eaten fibers were found in the 3 groups, but these fibers were significantly more prevalent in the groups of cleaners than in the healthy teacher group. CONCLUSION: This work indicates that the capillary supply of trapezius is affected in work-related trapezius myalgia. More studies are needed to understand possible mechanisms that would explain the occurrence of moth-eaten fibers.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Low prevalence of smoking in patients with autism spectrum disorders
- 2003
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Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - Claire, Ireland : Elsevier. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 119:1-2, s. 177-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychiatric patients are significantly more often smokers than the general population, the only known exception being obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and catatonic schizophrenia. We have investigated nicotine use in subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Ninety-five subjects (25 females and 70 males) consecutively diagnosed with any ASD and of normal intelligence were included in the study. Only 12.6% were smokers, compared with 19% in the general population and 47% in a control group of 161 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia or a schizophreniform disorder. The results suggest that smoking is rare among subjects with ASD, while the opposite was shown for schizophrenia. If replicated, this finding could suggest biological differences between non-catatonic schizophrenia and ASD, and support the theory of a biological link between ASD and a subtype of OCD, and between ASD and catatonic schizophrenia.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Broman, T., et al.
(författare)
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Campylobacter jejuni in black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus) : prevalence, genotypes, and influence on C. jejuni epidemiology
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 40:12, s. 4594-4602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease in which birds have been suggested to play an important role as a reservoir. We investigated the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni in black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus) in southern Sweden with the aim of examining the nature of C. jejuni infection in this bird species. Birds were sampled in four sampling series each year during 1999 (n = 419) and 2000 (n = 365). Longitudinally sampled C. jejuni isolates from individual gulls were subjected to macrorestriction profiling (MRP) by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to investigate the genotypical stability during the natural course of infection. Furthermore, a subset (n = 76) of black-headed gull isolates was compared to isolates from broiler chickens (n = 38) and humans (n = 56) originating from the same geographic area. We found a pronounced seasonal variation in C. jejuni carriage, with the highest rates found in late autumn. MRP similarities were higher between isolates of human and broiler chicken origin, than between those of wild bird origin and either of the other two hosts. However, identical MRPs were found in two gull isolates and one human isolate after digestion with two restriction enzymes, strongly indicating that they may have been colonized by the same clone of C. jejuni. The MRPs most prevalent in gull isolates did not occur among isolates from humans and broiler chickens, suggesting the existence of a subpopulation of C. jejuni adapted to species-specific colonization or environmental survival.
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