| 1. |
- Florén, Claes-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density in patients with Crohn's disease during long-term treatment with azathioprine
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 1365-2796. ; 243:2, s. 123-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To ascertain whether patients with Crohn's disease treated with azathioprine maintained bone mineral mass better than patients treated with steroids alone. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University Hospital of Malmo, Sweden. SUBJECTS: A total of 59 patients with ileocolonic, ileocaecal or colonic Crohn's disease. METHODS: Bone mass was assessed by dual photon X-ray absorptiometry at the level of L2-L4. RESULTS: Patients treated with a high lifetime dose of steroids (> 5 g prednisolone) had significantly (P = 0.011) lower Z-score of L2-L4 (-0.87 +/- 1.11; 11 SD) than steroid-treated patients, who had received a low dose of prednisolone (< 5 g) (0.08 +/- 1.16 SD). Azathioprine did not negatively influence the steroid effect on bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: Azathioprine does not seem to affect bone mineral density by itself. However, by being steroid-saving, it seems to conserve bone mineral mass in patients with Crohn's disease.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Boman, Jens, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Failure to detect Chlamydia trachomatis in cell culture by using a monoclonal antibody directed against the major outer membrane protein
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 35:10, s. 2679-2680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two commercially available monoclonal antibodies for cell culture confirmation of Chlamydia trachomatis were compared in two prospective studies and one large retrospective study. In total, more than 33,000 genital specimens were cultured in parallel and stained with both antibodies, one of which was directed against the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) and one uf which was directed against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found the anti-LPS-based assay to be more sensitive and as specific as the anti-MOMP-based assay for C. trachomatis cell culture confirmation of genital specimens.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, T, et al.
(författare)
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HIV/AIDS--information and knowledge: a comparative study of Kenyan and Swedish teenagers
- 1997
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - 0300-8037. ; 25:2, s. 111-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of hiv/aids, exposure to hiv/aids information and appreciation of given information was studied, by a questionnaire, among 326 Kenyan and 146 Swedish teenage school students in 1994. The aim of the study was to examine differences and similarities in knowledge in the two populations and to examine which sources of information about hiv and aids the respondents had been exposed to and which were most appreciated. The overall knowledge about hiv/aids was high but in specific items the knowledge and awareness of different risk behaviours for contracting hiv/aids differed for the Kenyan and Swedish teenagers. The dissemination of hard factual information about hiv/aids has thus been successful in reaching out although not in stopping the spread of hiv/aids. This calls for new strategies in disease prevention and health promotion. Those strategies should focus much more on lifestyle changes. The health care system, the school and the existing strong civil and voluntary information structures have an important role to play in that work.
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| 5. |
- Gruvberger, Birgitta
(författare)
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Methylisothiazolinones. Diagnosis and prevention of allergic contact dermatitis
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Preservatives are biologically active substances which are required in water-based products/systems to prevent growth of micro-organisms. Kathon® CG (K-CG), one of several preservatives based on 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolinon-3-one (MCI) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) has been shown to be a common sensitizer in dermatitis patients. The aims of the study were to find a method to demonstrate and quantify MCI and MI in various products; to isolate and identify the contact allergens in K-CG; to assess the sensitizing capacities of the allergens; to study the actual occurrence of MCI and MI in moisturizers; to investigate the occurrence and causes of occupational dermatoses in a plant where high concentrations of MCI and MI are handled; to find methods to prevent chemical burns and allergic contact dermatitis from MCI and MI. MCI and MI were demonstrated in various types of products by HPLC. Three allergens were isolated from K-CG and identified as MCI, MI and 4,5-dichloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (45243-K-CG). Guinea pig maximization tests showed that MCI and 45243-K-CG were strong sensitizers and MI a weak sensitizer. At a plant where high concentrations of MCI and MI were used to produce binders and glues 9 of 51 present production workers (17.6 %) were sensitized to MCI and MI. Four of the 9 MCI- and MI-sensitized workers had spilled preservatives with high concentrations of MCI and MI on their skin resulting in chemical burns. Sodium bisulfite and glutathione were demonstrated to chemically inactivate MCI and MI.
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| 6. |
- Hindsén, Monica
(författare)
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Clinical and experimental studies in nickel allergy
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kliniska och experimentella studier av nickelallergi Nickelallergi är vanligt, särskilt hos kvinnor. Nickelallergi leder ofta till periodiskt eller kroniskt eksem, främst på händerna. Dessa eksem kan vara svårläkta och leda till långa sjukskrivningsperioder. Nickel finns överallt i omgivningen och det går inte att helt undvika exposition för denna metall. Clinical and experimental studies in nickel allergy Contact allergy to nickel is very common among females and frequently leads to recurrent or chronic hand eczema, which often is hard to treat and leads to long sick-leave periods. Nickel is ubiquitous and total avoidance of exposure to the allergen is impossible. The aim of the present study was to get better understanding of various factors of possible significance for allergic contact dermatitis from nickel. A large inter- and intraindividual variation in nickel patch test reactivity was found in nickel-hypersensitive persons. Thus, no one had the same reactivity at repeated testing, and also completely negative tests were seen. A previous dermatitis was shown to be important for the elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis from nickel on topical nickel exposure. A previous nickel dermatitis gave an increased reactivity while a previous, irritant (SLS) contact dermatitis gave a decreased reactivity. The time interval from the previous allergic or irritant contact dermatitis was important for reactivity. Flare-up reactions after oral challenge with nickel were found to be correlated to nickel dose, intensity of a previous eczema, and time after the eczema. Orally administered nickel results in increased nickel in urine and less increase of nickel in faeces in atopics compared to controls. This may indicate increased nickel absorption in atopics. There was also a positive correlation between nickel in urine and TIBC in atopics which may indicate an interesting therapeutic possibility to interfere with the nickel absorption.
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| 7. |
- Troilius, Agneta
(författare)
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Characterisation and treatment of patients with port wine stains with special reference to the emotional impact
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis covers 12 years of experience in treating patients with congenital capillary malformations, so called port wine stains (PWS). The wide variation in treatment response to laser therapy has developed a profound need for the development of objective devises to measure treatment outcome, so that the maximum effectiveness of therapy can be achieved without unnecessary treatments. The purpose has been to better characterise PWS with the emphasis on blood flow, erythema, depth, so that the results of the treatment can be better (if possible) predicted, followed, documented and improved. We found that laser doppler imaging (LDI-a new technique) in the measurement of blood flow in PWS was more useful in research settings than as a predictive tool. Reflectance spectrophotometry has been superior to LDI in the prediction of the outcome of PWS therapy. It is objective and correlates well with clinical results and is also portable and easy to use. Skin ultrasound can help to characterise the PWS in the majority of patients and may help to predict the outcome of PDL treatment. With the help of special questionnaires, developed in collaboration with a child and adolescent psychiatrist, we have investigated the psychological and psychosocial impact a PWS can have on the individual according to the individual themselves or their family members. There is a high risk of developing negative parameters e.g. low self- esteem, school problems and difficulties in social relationships if you have a PWS, but the majority of these negative parameters can improve after the treatments.
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| 9. |
- Riise, Gerdt C., 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Bronchial inflammation in chronic bronchitis assessed by measurement of cell products in bronchial lavage fluid
- 1995
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Ingår i: Thorax. - 0040-6376. ; 50:4, s. 360-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND--Bronchial inflammation in chronic bronchitis has not been characterised as well as in asthma. The present study was undertaken to assess whether a characteristic pattern of bronchial inflammatory markers could be found in patients with chronic bronchitis. METHODS--Bronchoscopy with bronchial lavage was performed in 42 patients with chronic bronchitis and in 13 healthy controls. Twenty three of the patients had non-obstructive chronic bronchitis and 19 had chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eighteen of the patients with bronchitis had recurrent infective exacerbations and 24 did not. Intrabronchial bacterial cultures were taken with a protected specimen brush. RESULTS--Increased activity of neutrophils, fibroblasts, and eosinophils was found in the patients with chronic bronchitis as assessed by the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), hyaluronan, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), respectively. The levels of tryptase did not differ from the controls. High correlations were found between the levels of MPO and IL-8, as well as ECP and IL-8. No differences were found between the patients with COPD and those with non-obstructive chronic bronchitis. CONCLUSIONS--Recruitment and activation of both neutrophils and eosinophils seem to be a characteristic of chronic bronchitis. This activation is associated with IL-8. The patients with intrabronchial cultures of Streptococcus pneumoniae had the highest individual levels of MPO, ECP, and IL-8 of all subjects in the study, indicating that colonisation with S pneumoniae could promote bronchial inflammation.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Minor components with smooth muscle relaxing properties from scented myrrh (Commiphora guidotti)
- 1997
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Ingår i: Planta Medica. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0032-0943 .- 1439-0221. ; 63:3, s. 251-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All sesquiterpenes present in a sample of scented myrrh were isolated and characterised. Seven compounds, with cadinane, guaiane, oplopane, and eudesmane skeletons, were obtained, of which two are new and two are reported from a natural source for the first time. The major component, T-cadinol, has previously been shown to possess smooth muscle-relaxing properties, and the major purpose of the investigation was to compare the effects of the minor and more polar sesquiterpenes with that of T-cadinol in the rat aorta. Like T-cadinol, the minor sesquiterpenes are more efficient in reducing K(+)-induced contractions than those induced by the alpha-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine, however, they were all less potent than T-cadinol.
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