| 1. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal colonization with Enterobacteriaceae in Pakistani and Swedish hospital-delivered infants.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-656X. ; 80:6-7, s. 602-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rectal cultures from Swedish and Pakistani hospital-delivered newborn infants were analysed regarding the early acquisition of enterobacteria. Swedish infants were delivered vaginally, Pakistani infants were delivered either vaginally or by caesarean section. The Swedish infants were all breast-fed, whereas breastfeeding was incomplete and often started late among the Pakistani infants. Both groups of Pakistani infants were more rapidly colonized with enterobacteria than were the Swedish infants. Cultures from Swedish infants seldom yielded more than one kind of enterobacteria; E. coli and Klebsiella were most frequently isolated. E. coli dominated in both Pakistani groups, but especially caesarean section delivered infants were in addition often colonized with Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter or Citrobacter species. Breastfeeding from the first day of life reduced colonization with Klebsiella/Enterobacter/Citrobacter. The results suggest that environmental exposure, delivery mode and early feeding habits all influence the early intestinal colonization with enterobacteria.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of coeliac disease in Turner syndrome
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 88, s. 933-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of coeliac disease in children and adolescents with Turner syndrome. Eighty-seven children and adolescents with Turner syndrome were screened for IgA- antiendomysium antibodies (EMA) and IgA-antigliadin antibodies (AGA), 5% (4/87) being found to be EMA-positive, and 15% (13/87) to have AGA levels above normal. Of the 10 patients who were either AGA- or EMA-positive and further investigated with intestinal biopsy, four manifested villous atrophy (i.e. all three of the EMA-positive patients, but only one of the seven AGA- positive patients). The results suggest EMA-positivity to be a good immunological marker for use in screening for coeliac disease, and such screening to be justified in patients with Turner syndrome.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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5-Hydroxytryptamine contracts human uterine artery smooth muscle predominantly via 5-HT2 receptors
- 1997
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - 0268-1161. ; 12:2, s. 361-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serotonergic receptors were classified in the isolated human uterine artery with intact endothelium, using agonists and antagonists for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors. The efficacy for different agonists rated: alpha-methyl-5-HT (5-HT2) = 5-HT (non-selective) = 2-methyl-5-HT (5-HT3) >> sumatriptan (5-HT1), and the potency as: sumatriptan = 5-HT > 5-HT > alpha-methyl-5-HT > 2-methyl-5-HT. The contractile effects of 5-HT and alpha-methyl-5-HT were antagonized by the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist ketanserin and the non-selective antagonist methiothepin. The efficacy of sumatriptan was comparatively low. No interaction was encountered between 2-methyl-5-HT and MDL72222, suggesting an absence of 5-HT3 receptors. The results indicate that the contractile serotonergic receptor population in the human uterine artery mainly comprises 5-HT2 receptors, although a minor contribution of contractile 5-HT1 receptors cannot be excluded.
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors mediating circular smooth muscle contraction in the human umbilical artery
- 1999
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Ingår i: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-002X .- 0378-7346. ; 47:2, s. 102-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study was performed to characterize pharmacologically the contractile 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the circular smooth muscle of the isolated human umbilical artery. Effects of agonists and antagonists for different 5-HT receptor subtypes were studied in intact endothelium vessel segments. All agonists induced concentration-dependent circular smooth muscle contractions. The potency was in declining order 5-HT > alpha-methyl-5-HT > sumatriptan >/= 2-methyl-5-HT. The effects of 5-HT and alpha-methyl-5-HT were antagonized by ketanserin, as well as methiothepin. The contractile effect of sumatriptan was antagonized by methiothepin but not by ketanserin. The 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, MDL 72222, did not affect the contraction by any of the agonists, including 2-methyl-5-HT. It is concluded that the 5-HT-induced contraction in the circular smooth muscle of the human umbilical artery seems to be mediated by a mixed population of 5-HT1-like receptors and 5-HT2 receptors.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Berntorp, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Centraliserad vård grundläggande i vårdprogram för blödarsjuka
- 1999
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 96:15, s. 1849-1852
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Haemophilia is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. In Sweden, with a population of approximately 8.5 million, about 350 people suffer from the more severe forms of haemophilia or von Willebrand disease. Meticulous management is important if the patients are to be spared chronic disability and serious treatment complications. The disease is lifelong and affects psychosocial aspects of life among patients and their families. With the help of a grant from the Swedish Board of Halth and Welfare, a care programme has been designed to guarantee Swedish haemophiliacs comparable and optimal care. The programme has been drawn up by representatives of the three haemophilia centres in Sweden (at University Hospital, Malmo, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm) in co-operation with the World Federation of National Haemophilia Organisations. To ensure optimal individual application of the programme, individualised management strategies and patient information leaflets have been prepared.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Wennergren, Göran, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Short- and long-term efficacy. Childhood asthma.
- 1998
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. Supplement. - 0904-1850. ; 27
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In clinical studies of asthma, great attention should be focused on the choice and validation of outcome measures. The outcome parameters to be used when evaluating efficacy of early intervention in childhood asthma treatment must be closely linked to the aims of the intervention and considered in the design of the study. In an interventional study, possible adverse consequences should also be considered as outcome measures when designing the study. The appropriate time span for assessing different types of interventions may vary from days to several decades, depending on the character of the intervention. Not only outcome parameters, such as improvement in symptom score and improvement of lung function, but also those that measure reduction in frequency and severity of acute exacerbations, reduction in morbidity and improvement in quality of life should be used. For some purposes, a more detailed approach to symptom severity is needed, such as separation of acute from chronic symptoms. Other outcome measures that need to be considered are: cost-effectiveness, normalization of inflammatory changes in the airways, control of airway hyperresponsiveness, airway growth and prevention of airway remodelling and importantly, whether an intervention against asthma can alter the natural course, or cure, the disease. Interventions should be evaluated to see to what extent such aims have been met.
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| 10. |
- Magnusson, Margaretha
(författare)
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Barnhälsovård : Studier av effektivitet och föräldratillfredsställelse
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The research examined the role of the Swedish health surveillance program in identifying health problems and the degree to which Child Health Centers (CHC) respond to parents' expectations. The five studies were based on populations of pre-school children in Uppsala county.Analysis of the surveillance program showed a very low yield of newly detected health problems from about 3500 physician examinations of children at 2, 6, 12 and 18 months. About 2.5% of the children had newly detected problems, but most were minor or moderate. Only four severe problems were detected during the 14000 examinations by CHC physicians.Retrospective analysis of records for children with severe disabilities and diseases showed that 63% were detected neonatally. Only 20% were detected at the CHC, and less than half of these were found during scheduled examinations.A screening program for communication disorders was analyzed in a case-control study. Sensitivity for the screening was only 25%, and specificity was 61%.Two studies measured parental satisfaction in 1970, 1988 and 1993. In 1988, child health service was the responsibility of district nurses serving the general population, while in 1970 and 1993 it was handled by nurses working primarily with children. A significantly greater proportion of parents who perceived their infants as having behavior or feeding problems sought help from the CHC and were more satisfied with the advise received in 1970 and 1993 than 1988. General parental assessment of the service showed the same pattern.The results raise questions about the rationality of regular physician examinations for all infants, the respective roles of nurses and physicians in health surveillance, and the impact of organization and other factors on parental satisfaction with child health services.
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