| 1. |
- Richard, Levi, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Episodic cluster headache. II : High tobacco and alcohol consumption in males.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Headache. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0017-8748 .- 1526-4610. ; 32:4, s. 184-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forty-nine out of 51 consecutive male patients with episodic cluster headache were studied with regard to their smoking and drinking habits in general and in relation to cluster headache periods. Questionnaires were constructed for data regarding tobacco intake. Situation-related smoking behavior was registered according to Frith (1971). Screening for alcohol over-consumption was made using the Malmö modification of the brief Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (Mm-MAST). Eighty-three percent of the patients used tobacco on a regular basis at the time of the study, with an average consumption of 20 cigarettes per day. Only 3% had never used tobacco regularly. The smoking-related desire to smoke in different situations was consistent with what is found in a general population of smokers. Sixty-seven percent of the patients had scores on the Mm-MAST indicative of alcohol over-consumption (i.e. heavy social drinking or alcoholism). During active headache periods 79% decreased their alcohol intake, whereas no consistent change in tobacco consumption was reported for the group as a whole. These findings were further corroborated by the fact that alcohol, but not tobacco intake, was reported by the majority of patients to elicit headache attacks during periods. Thus, our study showed high alcohol and tobacco consumption to be prominent features in male patients with episodic cluster headache. Since neither alcohol nor tobacco appear to have properties of ameliorating headache periods or attacks, the addictive behavior in our patients more likely reflects certain personality characteristics.
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| 2. |
- Gerdner, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Alkoholism som sjukdom
- 1993
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Ingår i: Nordisk Alkoholtidskrift. - 0789-6069. ; 10:3, s. 133-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Rodriguez, F David, et al.
(författare)
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A method for maintaining constant ethanol concentrations in cell culture media
- 1992
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Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - 1464-3502. ; 27:3, s. 309-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study reports on the development of a model for maintaining constant ethanol concentrations over time in cell culture media. When neuroblastoma x glioma cells (NG 108-15) were grown in ethanol containing media under standard cultivation conditions in the incubator at 37 degrees C, a 90% evaporation was observed after 24 hr. To counteract evaporation, the cell culture dishes were placed inside polystyrene boxes together with an open dish containing an appropriate amount of ethanol. By using such procedure, the decrease in ethanol concentration in the culture media was completely avoided. Cultivating cells in ethanol-free media inside sealed plastic boxes did not change their viability, growth rate, protein and phospholipid composition of the cells or the pH of the media, compared to cultures grown outside the boxes.
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| 5. |
- Simonsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Serotonin-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in platelets from post-withdrawal alcoholics
- 1992
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Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - 1464-3502. ; 27:6, s. 607-612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has previously been reported that serotonin-stimulated second messenger formation is inhibited in platelets from alcoholics undergoing detoxification. Serotonin-stimulated signal transduction was therefore analysed in platelets from young post-withdrawal alcoholics to elucidate whether the previously reported inhibition is a state or trait marker of alcoholism. No difference between post-withdrawal alcoholics and controls was found with regard to serotonin-stimulated [32P]-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis or [32P]-phosphatidic acid formation. The results indicate that the inhibited serotonin2 receptor function seen in alcoholics undergoing detoxification is a state-dependent rather than a trait-dependent marker.
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| 6. |
- Öjehagen, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Defense mechanisms in alcoholics attending outpatient treatment. : Results from the MCT-test (Meta-Contrast Technique)
- 1993
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 34:3, s. 8-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defensive strategies were studied in 72 alcoholics participating in outpatient treatment by using, before the treatment started, the Meta-Contrast Technique, MCT, a percept-genetic method. Alcoholics had less often adaptive strategies than controls. A lack of adaptive defense strategies was related to a more impaired psychic status, more psychological benefits from drinking, and more psychiatric symptoms but not to severity of alcoholism or results of psychometric tests (intellectual level, field-dependence, spatial performance). It does not seem inconceivable that the MCT could be used as a diagnostic tool in treatment planning.
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| 7. |
- Öjehagen, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Psychiatric symptoms in alcoholics attending outpatient treatment
- 1991
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Ingår i: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Wiley. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 15:4, s. 6-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of psychiatric symptomatology for the treatment course of alcoholics was analyzed in a long-term outpatient treatment study. Seventy-two patients, 60 men and 12 women, were personally interviewed during treatment and after 3 years. Before treatment psychiatric symptoms were rated according to the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS). Women had significantly higher scores than men. Men with many symptoms and women had more psychological benefits from drinking and a more impaired personality structure than men with few symptoms. Men with many symptoms also had a lower level of social functioning. The severity of abuse did not differ between the three groups. Men with many symptoms had a less favorable outcome between 25 and 36 months after start of treatment than men with few symptoms and women. Among men who completed treatment, those with many symptoms showed a less successful course after 6 months and during the 3rd year after start of treatment, while differences after 3 months and during later stages of treatment were less pronounced. It is suggested that before start of treatment a psychiatric evaluation should be performed including psychiatric diagnosis, personality analysis, and an assessment of psychological benefits from drinking.
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