1.
Ahlborg, Gunnar, 1948, et al.
(författare)
Tobacco smoke exposure and pregnancy outcome among working women. A prospective study at prenatal care centers in Orebro County, Sweden
1991
Ingår i: Am J Epidemiol. - 0002-9262. ; 133:4, s. 338-47
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Among 4,687 women undergoing prenatal care in Orebro County, Sweden, from October 1980 to June 1983, 678 nonsmokers reported passive exposure to tobacco smoke. Of these women, 267 had been passively exposed at work, and the risk ratio (RR) for intrauterine death (spontaneous abortion or stillbirth) among these pregnancies was increased to 1.53 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98-2.38) compared with pregnancies of unexposed working women. This could not be explained by age, previous spontaneous abortion, educational level, planning of pregnancy, or alcohol use. The effect was confined to first-trimester fetal loss (adjusted RR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.23-3.81), while active smoking was associated with intrauterine death after the first trimester. Passive exposure in the workplace was weakly associated with preterm birth (less than 37 weeks) but not with low birth weight (less than 2,500 g) among full-term livebirths. Active smoking clearly increased the risk of both of these outcomes. However, passive exposure in the home only did not seem to affect pregnancy outcome. The lack of quantitative exposure data points to the need for more research before passive exposure to tobacco smoke can be regarded as an established hazard to fetal development and survival.
2.
Ahlborg, Gunnar, 1948
(författare)
Working environment and pregnancy
1991
Ingår i: Jordemodern. - 0021-7468. ; 104:11, s. 406-7
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
3.
Petersson, Göran, 1941
(författare)
Avgasfritt år 2000
1991
Ingår i: Barn och trafik inför år 2000; TFB-Rapport 1991:38; Redaktör Pia Björklid. - 9188370003 ; , s. 73-93
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
Rapporten beskriver i ett framåtblickande perspektiv hur människor och särskilt barn utsätts för avgaser från trafik i sin närmiljö. Underrubriker - avgasparentesen; gifterna i trafikavgaser; gifterna i barnen; vad tål barnen; avgasrening räcker inte; barnens luftvärn; bilavgaser och passiv rökning; skolgårdar och lekplatser; avgasfria zoner; handla avgasfritt; gångvägar och cykelbanor; avgaser i bilar och bussar; avgaser inomhus; inversioner och haltmätningar; konstruktiv oro
4.
Ulander, A., et al.
(författare)
Assessment of intermittent trichloroethylene exposure in vapor degreasing
1992
Ingår i: American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. - 0002-8894. ; 53:11, s. 742-3
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
To validate various sampling strategies in assessment of trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure, urine and air samples were obtained from 29 metal workers involved in vapor degreasing. Urinary trichloroacetic acid and trichloroethanol were useful metabolites to estimate TCE exposure on a group basis, but the predictive value of a single urine sample was low when related to the air concentration. With intermittent TCE exposure, the best information is obtained by analyzing both metabolites.
5.
Hellström, Anna-Lena, 1946, et al.
(författare)
Association between urinary symptoms at 7 years old and previous urinary tract infection.
1991
Ingår i: Archives of disease in childhood. - 1468-2044. ; 66:2, s. 232-4
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
The association between current micturition habits and previous urinary tract infection was analysed among 3553 school entrants aged 7 years by means of a questionnaire. A high incidence of urinary infection, confirmed by urine culture, was found (145 (8.4%) in the 1719 girls and 32 (1.7%) in the 1834 boys). There was a significant association between current symptoms that were suggestive of disturbed bladder function and previous urinary tract infection, but only among girls who were over 3 years of age at the time the first episode was diagnosed.
6.
7.
Hellström, Anna-Lena, 1946, et al.
(författare)
Micturition habits and incontinence in 7-year-old Swedish school entrants.
1990
Ingår i: European journal of pediatrics. - 0340-6199. ; 149:6, s. 434-7
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
The prevalence of incontinence in children has been extensively studied, but knowledge of other bladder symptoms is lacking in a healthy child population. The micturition habits of 3556 7-year-old school entrants were surveyed by a questionnaire supplemented by telephone interviews. One or more symptoms of a disturbed bladder function was reported in 26%, but most of these had moderate urgency as a sign of incomplete voluntary bladder control. Isolated bedwetting occurred in 2.8% of the girls and 7.0% of the boys, whereas nocturnal incontinence combined with daytime wetting was equally common in both sexes, 2.3% and 2.0% respectively. Diurnal incontinence was reported in 6.0% of the girls and 3.8% of the boys and was usually combined with other symptoms. The frequency of micturition in children without symptoms of bladder disturbance and with no previous urinary tract infection was 3-7 times per day.
8.
Augustsson, Olga, et al.
(författare)
The Johanneberg Study: a Social Survey in an Urban Elderly Population. I. General presentation of the study including an analysis of non-response and identification of risk groups
1993
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicin. ; 22:4, s. 283-92
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
This study is the Swedish part of a world-wide transcultural and interdisciplinary study in elderly populations which addresses food habits, health and life-style. The aim of this paper is to present the general design including an analysis of non-response, and to identify risk-groups for intervention programmes. The study comprised 217 noninstitutionalized males (n = 73) and females (n = 144), aged 70 and over (mean age 78 years) in a small urban area. Home visits and clinical examinations with standard methods were used. The participation rate was 76%. Significant differences between non-respondents and respondents could be seen, which may be important when planning health promotion. On the basis of experience during the examinations, a risk-group was identified for prospective and intervention study purpose, based on a multiple variable model and a clinical model.
9.
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