| 1. |
- Wollmer, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
Relation between lung function, exercise capacity, and exposure to asbestos cement
- 1987
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Industrial Medicine. - 0007-1072. ; 44:8, s. 542-549
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A group of 137 male workers with known exposure (mean 20 fibre years per millilitre) to asbestos cement who had symptoms or signs of pulmonary disease was studied together with a reference group of 49 healthy industrial workers with no exposure to asbestos. Lung function measurements were made at rest and during exercise. Evidence of lung fibrosis was found as well as of obstructive airways disease in the exposed group compared with the reference group. Asbestos cement exposure was related to variables reflecting lung fibrosis but not to variables reflecting airflow obstruction. Smoking was related to variables reflecting obstructive lung disease. Exercise capacity was reduced in the exposed workers and was related to smoking and to lung function variables, reflecting obstructive airways disease. There was no significant correlation between exercise capacity and exposure to asbestos cement.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hallengren, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Normal visual fields as assessed by computerized static threshold perimetry in patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Acta Endocrinologica. - 0001-5598. ; 121:4, s. 495-500
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this prospective study, 25 consecutive patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism were tested with a highly sensitive perimetric technique, since a high prevalence of visual field defects has been described in this condition. All patients had clinical hypothyroidism, a serum TSH value greater than 20 mU/l (reference range 0.4-4.0) and decreased/low normal serum total T4 concentration. Visual fields were tested with fully automated threshold-measuring computerized perimetry of the central 30 degrees field. Interpretation of fields included computer-assisted analysis provided by a perimetric statistical programme package. In 23 patients, conventional inspection and computer-assisted analysis showed no visual field defects. Two patients were excluded from the latter analysis: one patient who did not respond adequately at computerized perimetry and in whom manual field tests were entirely normal: one patient who had low sensitivity values in the uppermost parts of both visual fields owing to markedly swollen upper eye lids. In conclusion, although pituitary hyperplasia has been well documented in primary hypothyroidism, the present prospective study clearly indicates that visual field defects are not a common finding in patients with this disease.
|
|
| 3. |
- Thörne, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of ticlopidine and prostaglandin E on endotoxin-induced pulmonary platelet sequestration in vivo
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Circulatory Shock. - 0092-6213. ; 20:1, s. 61-69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostaglandin E1 has earlier been shown to decrease pulmonary platelet trapping (PPT) following shock. This experiment was performed to evaluate a new method to study PPT in vivo, and to study the effect of prostaglandin E1 and a new antiplatelet drug (ticlopidine) on PPT in rabbits after i.v. administration of endotoxin. Following platelet labeling with In-111, the rabbits were placed under a scintillation camera for continuous measuring of the activity distribution for 40 minutes. The first five minutes represented reference values, whereafter endotoxin E. coli was injected i.v. The following 2-4 minutes showed a sudden increase of radioactivity over the lungs and a simultaneous decrease over the heart, indicating PPT in the nontreated animals, followed by a slow decrease to almost preshock values during the following 30 minutes. Animals receiving prostaglandin E1 showed a significantly lower activity peak in the lungs after the administration of endotoxin, while the corresponding peak in ticlopidine-treated animals did not differ from that seen in the nontreated animals. In all groups, endotoxin caused a decrease in platelet count, but it was significantly lower in the PGE1-treated animals. The results have shown that this diagnostic model for PPT is reliable and may be used for evaluation of the effect on platelet aggregation in vivo of different drugs
|
|
| 4. |
- Blomqvist, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Early post-traumatic changes in hemodynamics and pulmonary ventilation in alcohol-pretreated pigs
- 1987
-
Ingår i: Journal of Trauma. - 0022-5282. ; 27:1, s. 40-44
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time relations among trauma, pulmonary and systemic circulation, and lung function were studied in pigs. Eleven animals (b.w. 25-30 kg) were investigated under balanced anesthesia. Ventilation was mechanically controlled. Hemodynamics, pulmonary ventilation, and gas exchange were serially recorded. Seven animals were pretreated with 40% ethanol in saline and four with saline only. Ninety minutes after the ingestion of alcohol or saline, the animals were subjected to a standardized soft-tissue trauma. Cardiac output decreased significantly 2 minutes after trauma and remained low in both groups throughout the observation period of 30 minutes. Pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly increased in the alcohol-pretreated group but was virtually unchanged in the control animals. Systemic vascular resistance was similarly reduced in the two groups. Total compliance was somewhat lower in alcohol-pretreated animals and 10 minutes after the trauma arterial oxygen tension was significantly lower in the alcohol group than in control animals. Carbon dioxide elimination was reduced after trauma in both groups. It is concluded that pulmonary vascular response increased and that total pulmonary compliance is somewhat decreased shortly after trauma in the alcohol group while gas exchange is almost unchanged. The results indicate a negative interaction between alcohol and trauma
|
|
| 5. |
- Maguire Jr., Gerald Q.
(författare)
-
Looking back at PACS attempts—what has happened since PACS I
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Pictorial information systems in medicine : [proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Inst. on Pictorial Information Systems in Medicine held in Braunlage FRG, August 27 - September 7, 1984]. - 3540139214 - 0387139214 ; , s. 391-399
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 6. |
- Kjellén, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of hyperthermia and/or nicotinamide on the radiation response of a C3H mammary carcinoma
- 1989
-
Ingår i: European journal of cancer & clinical oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-5379. ; 25:12, s. 1733-1737
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of hyperthermia and/or nicotinamide (200 mg/kg of body weight) on the tumour growth delay induced by radiation was evaluated in a C3H mouse mammary adenocarcinoma. The study showed a radiosensitizing effect of hyperthermia and of nicotinamide but the combination of all three modalitites showed no increased tumor growth delay compared to hyperthermia and radiation alone. The tumour growth delay induced by hyperthermia was not modified by nicotinamide.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ekberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
What margins should be added to the clinical target volume in radiotherapy treatment planning for lung cancer?
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 1879-0887. ; 48:1, s. 71-77
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The planning target volume in radiotherapy treatment planning takes into account both movements of the clinical target volume (CTV) and set-up deviations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of patients who received radiotherapy for lung cancer were studied. In order to measure the CTV movements due to respiration and other internal organ motions, fluoroscopy was performed for 20 patients. To study the accuracy and reproducibility of patient and beam set-up, 553 electronic portal images from 20 patients were evaluated. Discrepancies between planned and actual field positions were measured and the systematic and random errors were identified. The combined effect of these geometrical variations was evaluated. RESULTS: The average CTV movement with quiet respiration was about 2.4 mm in the medio-lateral and dorso-ventral directions. Movement in the cranio-caudal direction was on average 3.9 mm with a range of 0-12 mm. The systematic set-up errors were on average 2.0 mm in the transversal plane and 3.0 mm in the cranio-caudal direction. The random errors can be described by their standard deviations of 3.2 and 2.6 mm. In this study, the combined effect of the two parameters (CTV movement and set-up deviations) varied between 7.5 and 10.3 mm in different anatomical directions. CONCLUSIONS: In our daily clinical routine, we use a margin of 11 mm in the transversal plane and 15 mm cranially and caudally, also taking into account other unquantified variations and uncertainties.
|
|
| 8. |
- Geborek, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures in synovial fluid after tonometry
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Clinical Physiology. - 1365-2281. ; 8:4, s. 427-432
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A commercially available gas analyser was used to measure tension of oxygen (PO2) and carbon dioxide (PCO2) in synovial fluid samples after tonometry. Measured values of PCO2 were close to the expected (median difference 0.2 kPa, range -0.4 to 0.4) within the analysed concentration range of 4-10 kPa. No consistent difference between measured and expected values of PO2 were found for oxygen in the range 3-11 kPa (median difference 0.1 kPa, range -0.3 to 1.2). For oxygen tensions below 3 kPa, however, the measured values invariably overestimated the actual PO2, the errors ranging from 0.3 to 1.9 kPa, median 1.1. The importance of proper handling of samples was investigated and storage for 1 h at 0 degrees C in plastic syringes resulted in elevation of the PO2 levels measured (range of elevation 0.2 to 3.6 kPa, median 1.15), whilst no significant differences were found when stored in glass syringes. Within the limits stated, commercially available gas analysers may thus be used to investigate these parameters related to local tissue metabolism in effusive joint conditions.
|
|
| 9. |
- Kjellén, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of low dose nicotinamide versus benzamide, administered per os, as radiosensitizers in a C3H mammary carcinoma
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0887 .- 0167-8140. ; 12:4, s. 327-331
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have evaluated if any differences in tumor radiosensitization exist between the two adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase (ADPRT) inhibitors nicotinamide and benzamide at fractionated low doses. A significant radiosensitizing effect with nicotinamide at a 10 mg/kg per day dose was found in the tumor model used. We found, however, no radiosensitizing effect with benzamide given according to this schedule.
|
|
| 10. |
- Lindholm, Clas-Ebbe, et al.
(författare)
-
Microwave-induced hyperthermia and radiotherapy in human superficial tumours: clinical results with a comparative study of combined treatment versus radiotherapy alone
- 1987
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Hyperthermia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0265-6736 .- 1464-5157. ; 3:5, s. 393-411
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eighty-five evaluable superficial recurrent malignant tumours, mainly adenocarcinomas (78 per cent), in 38 patients were treated with either combined local hyperthermia (41-45 degrees C for four sessions) and low dose radiotherapy (30.0 Gy) or the same low dose radiotherapy alone. The treatment was given for two weeks. Hyperthermia was induced externally with 2450 MHz or 915 MHz microwaves. Totally 57 tumours were given combined treatment with a complete and partial response rate of 46 and 30 per cent, respectively (duration 1-38 months). In 18 patients with 2-10 superficial tumours each, 56 tumours were used in a comparative study, comparing the effect of combined hyperthermia and low dose radiotherapy versus the same low dose radiotherapy alone, the patients acting as their own controls. The total response rates were 89 and 50 per cent, respectively, in the two treatment modality groups. The difference in response rates is significant (p = 0.0039) in favour of the combined treatment, and this is also found when comparing complete remissions only (p = 0.0027). Local pain and normal tissue reactions presented problems during and after 2450 MHz microwave-induced hyperthermia treatment, performed without a coupling water bag system. Introduction of 915 MHz microwave-induced hyperthermia with a coupling deionized water bag system and refinement of microwave applicators, as well as the temperature control system considerably reduced these problems.
|
|
