| 1. |
- Zetterlund, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
The relationship between low vision and musculoskeletal complaints : a case control study between age-related macular degeneration patients and age-matched controls with normal vision
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of optometry. - Barcelona : Elsevier BV. - 1989-1342 .- 1888-4296. ; 2:3, s. 127-133
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Age-related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) patients often describe complaints from neck and scapula area muscles and a decreased postural control. In clinical assessment, these complaints are considered to be due to old age.PURPOSE: This study focuses on low-vision patients with ARMD, comparing them to age-matched controls without any eye disease, in order to evaluate if the linkage between self-rated visual complaints and musculoskeletal complaints is more prominent when low vision is present.METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 24 ARMD patients, aged 65 to 85, were compared to a group of 24 controls without visual problems having a similar age distribution. Visual acuity, the need for magnification plus other optical and visual parameters were assessed. Visual, musculoskeletal and balance/proprioceptive complaints were collected by means of a self-rating questionnaire. The Visual Functioning Questionnaire - Near Activities Subscale (VFQ–NAS) was used to evaluate visual function and related complaints.RESULTS: The correlation between visual complaints and musculoskeletal complaints yielded significant values of the correlation coefficient when performed separately within each group, as well as when calculated on the entire data set [ARMD, Spearman’s rho (ρ)=0.60, P=0.002; control group ρ=0.59, P=0.004; both groups together ρ=0.50 P<0.001]. Stepwise multiple regression analysis supported the hypothesized effect of vision (Visual complaints + Minimum readable typefaces) on musculoskeletal complaints, (r2=0.42, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results in this study support the hypothesis that a relationship exists between visual and musculoskeletal problems.
|
|
| 2. |
- Strömland, Kerstin, 1934, et al.
(författare)
-
Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum: associated anomalies, functional deficits and possible developmental risk factors.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. - : Wiley. - 1552-4825 .- 1552-4833. ; 143A:12, s. 1317-1325
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish patients with the oculo-auriculo-vertebral (OAV) spectrum participated in a prospective multidisciplinary investigation. The aims of the study were to describe their systemic and functional defects, especially autism spectrum disorders, and to search for possible etiologic risk factors. Available medical records were studied and the mothers answered a questionnaire on history of prenatal events. A clinical examination evaluating systemic findings, vision, hearing, speech, oral and swallowing function, and neuropsychiatric function, especially autism, was made. Eighteen patients, (11 males, 7 females) aged 8 months to 17 years with OAV were studied. Most frequent systemic malformations included, ear abnormalities (100%), ocular malformations (72%), vertebral deformities (67%), cerebral anomalies (50%), and congenital heart defects (33%). Functional defects consisted of hearing impairment (83%), visual impairment (28%), both visual and hearing impairment (28%), difficulties in feeding/eating (50%), speech (53%), mental retardation (39%), and severe autistic symptoms (11%). Three children were born following assisted fertilization (two intracytoplasmatic sperm injection, one in vitro fertilization), two mothers reported early bleedings, and six (33%) mothers had smoked during pregnancy.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Crafoord, Sven, et al.
(författare)
-
Sheathotomy in complicated cases of branch retinal vein occlusion
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica. - : Wiley. - 1755-3768 .- 1755-375X. ; 86:2, s. 146-150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To report the clinical experience and results of using a microsurgical technique to decompress the arteriovenous connection in complicated branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) combined with haemorrhage, oedema and ischaemia.Methods: We carried out a retrospective, non-randomized, interventional case study of the surgical sheathotomy decompression procedure. We enrolled 12 patients (seven women, five men; median age 64 years) with BRVO and decreased visual acuity (VA) caused by haemorrhage, oedema and ischaemia. The mean duration of thrombosis was 7 months (2–15 months). The patients were examined for pre- and postoperative best corrected VA (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and fundus photography. Ten patients were examined with fluorescein angiography and eight with ocular coherence tomography (OCT). Postoperative progression of cataract was recorded, as were other complications. The mean follow-up time was 20 months (8–39 months).Results: Best corrected VA had improved in nine patients, was unchanged in one patient and had deteriorated in two patients at the last follow-up. Noted complications were venous haemorrhage at surgery in five patients, retinal detachment in one patient and progression of cataract in four patients.Conclusions: Microsurgical treatment with sheathotomy of BRVO is a technically feasible procedure with few complications. Postoperative increased reperfusion could explain the resolution of macular haemorrhage, oedema and ischaemia, and may improve visual function in patients with this common vascular eye disease.
|
|
| 6. |
- Malm, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Full-field electroretinography and marked variability in clinical phenotype of Alström syndrome
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Archives of ophthalmology (1960). - Chicago : American medical association. - 0003-9950. ; 126:1, s. 51-57
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To characterize the clinical phenotype and to study the course of disease in patients with Alström syndrome, with an emphasis on retinal function assessed with full-field electroretinography (ERG). METHODS: Three age- and sex-matched patients with Alström syndrome were selected from our retinitis pigmentosa register for repeated ophthalmologic examinations that included tests for color vision and visual fields using Goldmann perimetry and for repeated assessment of full-field ERGs. RESULTS: Electroretinography demonstrated cone-rod degeneration in all 3 patients. A concomitant impairment of color vision and visual fields was also observed as well as marked variation in retinal function and in disease severity. CONCLUSIONS: Full-field ERGs confirmed that Alström syndrome is associated with a cone-rod type of retinal degeneration. In this study, we have shown a striking variability in retinal function and disease onset and severity, which has, to our knowledge, not been described previously in Alström syndrome.
|
|
| 7. |
- Magnusson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
A placebo-controlled study of retinal blood flow changes by pentoxifylline and metabolites in humans
- 2006
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0306-5251 .- 1365-2125. ; 61:2, s. 138-147
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To investigate the possible effects of pentoxifylline metabolites on retinal blood flow in humans. METHODS: A randomized, placebo-controlled, four-period cross-over study that was observer blinded and partly blinded for the eight participants. On one occasion a placebo was given as an intravenous (i.v.) infusion over 100 min. On the other three occasions pentoxifylline was administered as i.v. infusions over 100 min at a rate of 3 mg min(-1). Before two of the pentoxifylline infusions the subjects were pretreated with either ciprofloxacin or rifampicin. Retinal blood flow was measured by scanning laser doppler flowmetry (SLDF) in a selected area of the central temporal retina before, during and until 5 h after the end of infusion. Blood samples for concentration analyses of pentoxifyllin, R-M1, S-M1, M4 and M5 were taken serially and areas under the curves (AUCs) were calculated. Linear mixed models were used for the statistical analyses. RESULTS: Mean AUCs (ng h ml(-1)) were significantly increased for pentoxifylline (1964 vs. 1453) and S-M1 (5804 vs. 4227), but not R-M1 when pentoxifylline was co-administered with ciprofloxacin. The mean AUC for M5 was significantly reduced when subjects were pretreated with rifampicin (2041 vs. 3080). Pentoxifylline with and without pretreatment with rifampicin significantly increased retinal blood flow assessed as mean flow, pulsation (i.e. 1-systole/diastole), and diastolic flow (but not during systole), compared with placebo. The increases over placebo were more pronounced on diastolic flow, 9.7% (95% confidence interval 4.2, 15.5) than on mean flow, 4.6% (1.1, 8.3) after pentoxifylline administration. With pentoxifylline after rifampicin pretreatment the corresponding differences were 11.7% (5.8, 17.9) and 5.1% (1.4, 7.8) over placebo, respectively. After co-administration of pentoxifylline and ciprofloxacin we saw only a nonsignificant trend towards increased flow during diastole, but a significant decrease in pulsation. When AUCs for pentoxifylline and its metabolites were used as regressor variables to retinal mean flow we found that pentoxifylline, R-M1 and M5 had coefficients with a positive sign indicating that they enhanced the retinal blood flow. In contrast, S-M1 and M4 had coefficients with negative sign and thus appeared to decrease the blood flow in subjects treated with pentoxifylline. CONCLUSION: The R-M1 and M5 metabolites of pentoxifylline contributed significantly to the effects of pentoxifylline on retinal blood flow.
|
|
| 8. |
- Malm, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of 2-D DIGE for skeletal muscle: Protocol and repeatability
- 2008
-
Ingår i: The Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 68:8, s. 793-800
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proteomic analysis has the potential to yield vast amounts of data. The available proteomic methods have been hampered by methodological errors in quantification due to large gel-to-gel variations. The inclusion of an internal standard greatly reduces this variation, and therefore the purpose of this investigation was: 1) to develop a sample preparation protocol for human skeletal muscle for two-dimensional differentiated gel electrophoresis (DIGE) and 2) to investigate the repeatability of one particular system, the Ettan™ DIGE. To test repeatability, nine aliquots from the same homogenate were labelled with three different CyDye™ dyes (Cy2, Cy3, Cy5). Samples were run on 1824 cm gels, scanned with a Typhoon™ 9410 laser scanner and analysed in the DeCyder™ software. When selecting spots appearing only in triplicate (n = 1314), the mean error was 1.7 % (SD: 10.5 %; 95 % CI: 1.1-2.4 %). When setting the significance level to 99 %, no false-positive changes in protein volume ratios were detected. In the protocol presented here, only 0.5 mg tissue was used and separation of >2500 distinct protein spots in the pH range 3-11 and MW 10-200 kDa. Changes in protein abundance of <20 % could be detected. The method is especially useful when comparing muscle proteins between different conditions; for example, healthy and diseased tissue, before and after treatment or different exercise protocols.
|
|
| 9. |
- Olofsson, Eva M, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced diabetes-induced cataract in copper-zinc superoxide dismutase-null mice
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). - 0146-0404 .- 1552-5783. ; 50:6, s. 2913-2918
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Oxidative stress is thought to contribute to diabetes-induced cataract, and the authors have previously demonstrated that lenses from mice lacking the antioxidant enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) show elevated levels of superoxide radicals and are more prone in vitro to develop glucose-induced cataract than are wild-type lenses. In the present study the effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus on cataract formation in SOD1-null and wild-type mice in vivo was examined.METHODS: Eight weeks after diabetes was established by repeated intraperitoneal streptozotocin injections, the mice were killed and the lenses removed and photographed in retroillumination. The cataract was quantified from the photographs by digital image analysis and the lens contents of glutathione (GSH) as well as the lens protein carbonyl contents suggestive of protein oxidation were analyzed.RESULTS: The streptozotocin-induced diabetic SOD1-null mice developed more cataract than the diabetic wild-type mice. Also, lens GSH levels were lower in the diabetic SOD1-null mice than in the nondiabetic SOD1-null mice. However, the protein carbonyls were equally raised in the diabetic mice of both genotypes.CONCLUSIONS: The increased cataract formation and the compromised antioxidant capacity found in the diabetic SOD1-null lenses thus emphasize the involvement of superoxide radicals in diabetes-induced cataract.
|
|
| 10. |
- Sadeghi, André M., et al.
(författare)
-
Longterm visual prognosis in Usher syndrome types 1 and 2
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. - Copenhagen : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 1395-3907 .- 1600-0420. ; 84:4, s. 537-544
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To estimate the age at diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa and to determine visual acuity deterioration, visual field impairment and the frequency of cataracts in Usher syndrome types 1 and 2. Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of 328 affected subjects with Usher syndrome types 1 and 2. Study subjects were divided into seven different age groups by decade. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, general linear model anova and survival analysis. Results: Retinitis pigmentosa was diagnosed significantly earlier in subjects with Usher syndrome type 1 than in those with type 2. Visual acuity was significantly more impaired in affected subjects with Usher syndrome type 1 than in those with type 2 from 50 years of age onwards. Survival analysis revealed a significant difference in visual field loss (≤ 10 degrees) between the two groups, with type 2 subjects tending to be more impaired, while comparison indicated no significant differences between the groups in any of the other visual field categories. Cataract was found to be generally more common in Usher syndrome type 1 than type 2. Conclusions: Progressive loss of visual acuity and visual field begins to be substantial between the second and third decades of life in both Usher types. The rate of degeneration varies between individuals in both groups. The data are useful for the counselling of affected subjects with Usher syndrome types 1 and 2.
|
|
