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- Jonsson, Britt, 1938-
(författare)
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En gång Skå-pojke- : en studie av 20 f d Skå-pojkars erfarenheter av Barnbyn Skå
- 1990
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Towards the end of the 1950’s the men who are part of the project were in care for at leastone year at the childrens’ Village of Skå, the well-known and psychodynamically orientedtreatment home for Stockholm’s most difficult problem children of school age. Barnbynand its care-receivers have already been the subject of extensive research. This is,however, the first time the treatment is analyzed from a purely care-receiver perspective.The aim of the study is to gain insight into what Barnbyn Skå meant to the former Skåboy. The question is furthermore if there are important differences between the formerSkå boys’ reconstructions of life and activities at Skå. If this is the case, is it posssible tounderstand the psychological background to it?Through qualitative interviews with a richly varied selection of twenty Skå boys, today menof 35-40 years of age, their current living conditions and memories of Barnbyn, Skå, werestudied, a Skå which a long time ago had been transformed from an outer object to aninner Skå picture, which, similar to other inner objects, has a dynamic relationship to thepresent time. The former Skå boy’s adult existence could be described as a life experiencewhich was either mainly good (6), both good and bad (6) or mainly bad (8). Therelationship to his original family, and especially to his own father, was shown to bestrongly connected to his self-image and ability, or inability, to function as a partner in arelationship, as a father and as an employee.When the Skå pictures were analyzed within each of the three life experience categoriesBarnbyn was presented as both heaven and hell. The relationship to the parents had thesame determining importance for the stay at Barnbyn as it had for life experience as awhole. The interpretations of the Skå pictures’ psychological background led to the factthat the separation from the parents was given such different epithets as 1) A relief, 2) Aphysical but not a psychological separation, 3) Something the boy could not understand aswell as 4) A rejection. From a care-receiver perspective it was not possible to talk of auniform Skå but rather of twenty Skå arenas in which each and everyone used Barnbynand its inhabitants as the setting of the scene for their own particular situation. Separationas a relief meant that Barnbyn became a salvation from painful home conditions. At thesame time as the Skå boy could develop important relationships at Barnbyn, hemaintained, in spite of everything, contact with his parents. The physical butnon-psychological separation from his parents meant that Barnbyn became more of animprovement institution than a place for relationships between people. In his heart andsoul the Skå boy was still at home. The separation which could not be understood andmoreover the repression of the family world seems to have been a prerequisite for analmost ideal adjustment to Barnbyn. These three separation patterns with their matchingSkå pictures are present within the good life experience and within the life experience ofboth good and bad. Within the bad life experience the separation is equivalent to rejectionand the Skå pictures are the same as the rejected child’s setting the scene for thisrejection. The more naked the rejection, the greater the opposition to treatment.
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- Mossberg, Roland, 1948-
(författare)
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Distans och närhet : förutsättningar och möjligheter för det sociala arbetets organisering och disciplinering
- 1990
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first part, of this two part study, performs a kind of theoretical, structural analysis of social work. The purpose of performing such an analysis, the principal aim of this study, is to specify the general conditions and possibilities for social work, thereby giving a basis, for the different social work practices, to carry out their own concrete analysis, and form their own strategies for action. The second part of this study analyses a specific, empirical field of practice. Using the theoretical reasoning in the first part of the study as a basis, it describes and analyses, ”hemmahos- arbete”, a practice where the practitioners work with families in their homes. These practitioners, "hemma-hos-arbetare”, are employed by municipal social welfare offices. The goal of their practice is to give educational, therapeutic and practical support in everyday life situations. For lack of a proper English term for this practice, the Swedish terms, as defined above, will be used. ”Hemma-hos-arbete” is, as a type of practice, in a position in between, on the one hand, bureaucratic and professional orders, and on the other hand the everyday orders of the clients. ”Hemma-hos-arbete” can be characterized as a bridging practice, and to maintain this bridging position, and for its personnel to retain their identity as ”hemma-hos-arbetare”, means that they must find the right distance, neither too close nor too far, either to the highly discursive, professional/bureaucratic orders of practices or to the clients’ more or less non-discursive orders of everyday life practices. To find the right distance, has been the central issue of this thesis, and is of vital importance for all social workers. This, means to avoid, on the one hand, the risk of loosing contact with the client by taking too distant a professional/bureaucratic position, and on the other hand, the risk of becoming a part of the client's problems by taking too familiar a position. ”Hemma-hos-arbete”, as a concrete object of investigation, was selected because it illuminates issues of vital importance for the entire field of social work. The description and analysis of ”hemma-hos-arbete” is actually a secondary aim. The ”hemma-hos” study gives example of how the theoretical analytic can be applied to a specific social work practice.
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- Rönnberg, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Sprutbyte för personer med intravenöst missbruk
- 1992
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Verksamheten med att intravenösa narkotikamissbrukare får byta ut sina använda sprutor mot nya har pågått vid infektionsklinikerna i Lund sedan 1978 och Malmö sedan 1989. Verksamheten inrättades för att minska risken för ytterligare utbredning av HIV. Det har diskuterats livligt för och emot denna sprututbytesverksamhet i Sverige. Den här rapporten ger stoff för en mer nyanserad diskussion i frågan. Den innehåller intervjuer med personal som arbetar med verksamheten, med forskare och andra personer som ägnat sig åt frågan. Den ger inblick i lagstiftning som berör området. Forskningen på området refereras och diskuteras. En empirisk undersökning som ger data om hur verksamheten fungerar redovisas också. För den som vill veta mera om sprututbytesverksamheten och dess roll i narkotikabehandling och narkotikapolitik är denna rapport starkt att rekommendera.
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- Skoglund, Anna-Maria, 1939-
(författare)
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Fattigvården på den svenska landsbygden år 1829
- 1992
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The source material for this study is 2,217 letters written by parish priests, describing the system of poor relief existing in almost all parishes in Sweden in 1829. The contents of these letters have been systematically processed in order to give the most complete picture possible of public assistance to the poverty-stricken in that year. Most parishes had some form of public assistance scheme. The form varied, however, widely, both regionally and locally. The factors dictating this form in the individual parishes were: the prevailing attitude to poverty and the poor, the economic structure of the region and the wealth of the parishioners. Strong control was exerted over both takers and givers. Only a small portion of the parish poor had any chance of becoming beneficiaries of poor relief. In 1829, there were about 67,000 paupers in the country, which amounted to 2.1 per cent of the population, the majority of whom came from the agrarian lower classes. Most of these were unmarried women and widows. Eighteen per cent of all widows in the country were paupers. The most vulnerable groups of paupers were the orphaned children and the sick, the difference being that where children were viewed as an investment, the sick were seen only as a burden. Almost all parishes had a poor relief fund, which on average amounted to 500 riksdaler, but could amount to as much as over 2,000 riksdaler. 1,276 poor-houses of varying size and quality were registered. Most of these were to be found in the middle belt of southern Sweden. It has been possible to distinguish different types of public assistance schemes. In the "beggar parishes” there was no organized assistance at all, and begging was considered fully acceptable as a form of assistance. In other parishes a paternalistic system was adopted, where landowners and mill owners were required to bear the whole or part of the responsibility for the support of the paupers who fell on their lot. Some parishes encouraged itinerancy and let their paupers wander or be transported from farm to farm and stay a certain time in each place. This was above all the case in northern Sweden. Some parishes subdivided the assistance structure into smaller districts, which sometimes functioned quite independently of each other. The most advanced form of poor relief was the annual donation in kind by the farmers in the area. This was done in about half of the country’s parishes and was most usual in middle Sweden. The amount of poor relief varied much, but not even the highest levels were enough to cover annual needs. Paupers were therefore forced to either work or beg. Parish councils sometimes tried to organize work so that ablebodied persons could get a chance to earn their keep.
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