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- Ericson, D, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical evaluation of efficacy and safety of a new method for chemo-mechanical removal of caries. A multi-centre study
- 1999
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 33:3, s. 171-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a new method (Carisolv™) for chemo–mechanical removal of caries. At four centres, 137 consecutive patients (64 females and 73 males aged 3–85 years, mean 35) entered a prospective, controlled, randomised open study. One primary caries lesion with distinct dentine involvement was selected per patient. A total of 116 lesions in permanent and 21 in deciduous teeth were selected. Caries was removed with traditional drilling or the new method. Gel was applied onto the carious dentine and the softened caries gently removed with specially designed hand instruments. New gel was applied and the procedure was repeated until no more debris could be removed and the surface was hard as judged by clinical criteria (probing and visual inspection). An independent examiner judged the cavity being caries–free or not, using clinical criteria. One hundred and thirteen patients were randomised for gel treatment and 24 for drilling. Three patients selected for drilling did not complete the treatment. Total caries removal was achieved in 106 cases with gel and in 19 with drilling. The reasons for incomplete caries removal were step–by–step excavation in 5 cases, unsuccessful caries removal in 1 case for each treatment, while 2 cases refused inspection. Mean (± SD) time for caries removal was 10.4 (±6.1) min with the gel method and 4.4 (±2.2) min with drilling. Mean volume of gel used was 0.4 (±0.2) ml. Eighty–two of 107 patients perceived that the new method caused less discomfort compared to drilling. Dentine caries was effectively removed using the Carisolv method without any adverse reactions.
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- Loftenius, A, et al.
(författare)
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Fluoride augments the mitogenic and antigenic response of human blood lymphocytes in vitro
- 1999
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 33:2, s. 148-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been shown that fluoride, the agent responsible for reduction of dental caries worldwide and a recognized proliferative agent, is an adjuvant when given intragastrically to rats. Furthermore, plasma fluoride levels increase in humans after various fluoride treatments. The studies presented here show that fluoride also has the ability to affect the cells of the human immune system. This was tested by measuring the effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on cytokine production by human whole blood cells stimulated in vitro. These studies revealed that NaF augments the human lymphocyte response from human blood to a mitogen (phytohemagglutinin, PHA) or a specific antigen (morbilli antigen from infected cells, MorbAg). The cytokine interferon–γ (IFN–γ), released from activated T and/or NK cells, was significantly (p<0.01) increased when whole blood cells were simultaneously incubated with 0.62 mmol/l NaF and PHA compared to PHA alone. This tendency was also true for NaF and MorbAg. The lymphocyte activation marker interleukin–2 receptor (measured in soluble form) increased after simultaneous stimulation of the cells with PHA and 0.62 mmol/l NaF compared to stimulation with PHA only. However, 0.62 mmol/l NaF did not enhance interleukin–6 release, in blood mainly produced by monocytes. The ability to influence the IFN–γ release during an immune response could be one of the primary means by which the fluoride ion influences the immune system.
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