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| 2. |
- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Oral hygiene and parent-related factors during early childhood in relation to approximal caries at 15 years of age
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 42:1, s. 28-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate whether oral hygiene habits and parent-related factors, recorded in early childhood, have a predictive value in relation to approximal caries experience (including initial caries lesions) at the age of 15 years (n = 568). Data were selected from examinations, interviews and questionnaires at 1 and 3 years and bitewing radiographs at 15 years. Four levels of cut-off points for the statistical analysis were used: DFa = 0, > 0, ≧4 and ≧8. In the final logistic regression analyses, mother’s self-estimation of her oral health care being less good remained statistically significant and predicted a caries experience of DFa > 0 at 15 years. The following four variables predicted DFa ≧4: (1) female gender, (2) plaque on maxillary incisors at 1 year, (3) mother’s self-estimation of her oral health care being less good and (4) father being less satisfied with his social situation. Two variables predicted DFa ≧8: (1) toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste just once a day, and (2) father being less satisfied with his social situation. Furthermore, children who failed to attend the examination at 1 year of age had 6.95 ± 5.36 (mean ± SD) DFa at 15 years compared with 3.10 ± 3.85 for children who were examined at 1 year of age (p < 0.01). To conclude, factors explaining good dental health at 15 years of age pertained to both children and parents. Thus, it seems that good oral hygiene habits, established in early childhood, provide a foundation for a low experience of approximal caries in adolescents.
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| 3. |
- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of approximal caries in posterior teeth in 15-year-old Swedish teenagers in relation to their caries experience at 3 years of age.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 41:5, s. 392-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present investigation was to study the prevalence of approximal caries lesions and fillings in posterior teeth at 15 years of age in a prospectively followed Swedish population (n = 568), with special reference to their caries experience at the age of 3 years. Only approximal surfaces were recorded, since all children in the Community of Jönköping have had fissure sealing performed on all caries-free permanent molars. At 15 years of age, the mean number of approximal tooth surfaces with initial caries lesions (D(i)a), manifest caries lesions and fillings (D(m)Fa) and total caries experience and fillings (D(i + m)Fa)--recorded on bitewing radiographs--was 2.78 , 0.45 and 3.23, respectively. One third of the adolescents had no approximal caries or fillings; the D(i)a constituted 86% of the D(i + m)Fa. Children with manifest caries at 3 years of age had a higher risk of developing approximal caries in their permanent teeth than caries-free children at the same age (41 vs. 17%). Furthermore, children who were caries-free at 3 years of age were more likely to remain caries-free at 15 years of age compared to children with manifest caries (37 vs. 17%). All these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Additionally, early childhood caries experience (developed before 3 years of age) had a greater predictive value than late childhood caries experience (developed between 3 and 6 years of age) concerning approximal caries at 15 years of age.
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| 4. |
- Anderson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Approximal Caries in 5-year-old Swedish Children
- 2005
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 39:2, s. 92-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim was to assess how accurately some commonly used risk factors/risk markers (predictors) for caries development could identify children with and without approximal caries as judged from bitewing radiography. Two hundred and sixtyseven consecutive 5-year-old children from two Swedish cities participated. Three experienced dentists examined the children. The predictors were the overall dmfs (de-cayed, missing and filled surfaces) value (canines and molars), the number of occlusal dmfs, the frequency of intake of between-meal sugary products, visible plaque on free smooth surfaces of second primary molars, toothbrushing habits and (before bitewing examination) an overall judgement by the examining dentist. The mean dmfs value without bitewing examination was 0.40 (SD = 1.22). Twelve percent of the children had at least one dentin lesion and 33% at least one enamel lesion that were detected from bitewing examination only. The gain from adding bitewing examination to clinical examination amounted to a mean of 1.2 approximal enamel and/or dentin lesions. The ability to correctly identify children with approximal caries from the predictors was limited; sensitivity ranged from 0.27 to 0.75 and specificity ranged from 0.41 to 0.93. The single best predictor was the dentist's overall judgement with an average precision of 73%; average sensitivity for the presence of enamel and dentin lesions was 0.48 and for the presence of dentin lesions 0.66. The rest of the predictors added little to the predictive power. It is concluded that 33% of the 5-year-olds, representing a low caries prevalence population, benefited from bitewing examination. The ability to identify these children from the predictors was, however, limited. Copyright (c) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 5. |
- Baeshen, H.A., et al.
(författare)
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Uptake and release of fluoride from fluoride-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks) in vitro and in vivo
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 42:5, s. 363-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate the uptake and release of fluoride (F) from F-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks). In the first series, 3-cm-long pieces were impregnated in 1, 2, 3 and 4% NaF solutions for 3 h, 1 day and 3 days (10 pieces/test). There was a dose-response effect with respect to both impregnation time and the concentration of the F solution. In the second and third series, totally 40 miswak pieces were impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day and 3 days; the outer layer (bark) was separated from the inner spongy part (pulp) and analyzed separately. F was released from both parts, but somewhat more was released from the bark than from the pulp; a plateau was reached at around 30 min. In vivo, 9 healthy subjects used three products for 2 min in a crossover design: (1) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day, (2) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days, and (3) 1 g of F toothpaste (containing 1,450 ppm F as NaF) on a toothbrush. The highest F concentration at the approximal area was obtained after using the miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days compared with the other products (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). To conclude, NaF-impregnated miswaks produced a rapid release of F in vitro as well as in vivo and may be an interesting vehicle for home care use for caries prevention in countries where they are used regularly.
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| 6. |
- Baeshen, Hosam A, et al.
(författare)
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Uptake and release of fluoride from fluoride-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks) in vitro and in vivo.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 42:5, s. 363-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate the uptake and release of fluoride (F) from F-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks). In the first series, 3-cm-long pieces were impregnated in 1, 2, 3 and 4% NaF solutions for 3 h, 1 day and 3 days (10 pieces/test). There was a dose-response effect with respect to both impregnation time and the concentration of the F solution. In the second and third series, totally 40 miswak pieces were impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day and 3 days; the outer layer (bark) was separated from the inner spongy part (pulp) and analyzed separately. F was released from both parts, but somewhat more was released from the bark than from the pulp; a plateau was reached at around 30 min. In vivo, 9 healthy subjects used three products for 2 min in a crossover design: (1) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day, (2) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days, and (3) 1 g of F toothpaste (containing 1,450 ppm F as NaF) on a toothbrush. The highest F concentration at the approximal area was obtained after using the miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days compared with the other products (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). To conclude, NaF-impregnated miswaks produced a rapid release of F in vitro as well as in vivo and may be an interesting vehicle for home care use for caries prevention in countries where they are used regularly.
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| 7. |
- Campus, G, et al.
(författare)
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Six months of daily high-dose xylitol in high-risk schoolchildren: a randomized clinical trial on plaque pH and salivary mutans streptococci.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 43:6, s. 455-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A randomized clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effect of daily high-dose xylitol chewing gum on plaque pH and salivary mutans streptococci (MS) in a sample of schoolchildren at high risk of caries. The study was performed on 204 subjects (acceptance rate 88.3%). Inclusion criteria were: >1 and <4 carious lesions, and a salivary MS concentration >10(5) CFU/ml. Subjects were randomly assigned to the xylitol or control group. Study design included one examination at baseline (t(0)), one after 3 months of chewing (t(1)), one after 6 months of chewing (t(2)) and the last 3 months after the end of chewing period (t(3)). Plaque pH was assessed using the MicroTouch technique, following a sucrose challenge. The area under the curve (AUC(5.7) and AUC(6.2)) was recorded. Whole saliva was collected in sterile vials and MS CFU/ml were counted. Data were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA. The main result was that plaque acidogenicity was reduced in both groups. The differences between treatments were statistically significant both for plaque pH and MS concentration; the interaction term for treatment and time was statistically significant (p < 0.01). At t(2), the xylitol group children with a salivary MS concentration >10(5) and those with < or =10(5) showed significantly lower AUC(5.7) and AUC(6.2) values than the control group. These results suggest that the long-term use of high-dose non-sucrose chewing gums had beneficial effects on plaque pH, and that this effect was statistically greater when using xylitol chewing gums, both on plaque pH and MS salivary concentration.
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| 8. |
- Danielsson Niemi, Liza, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Human milk compounds inhibiting adhesion of mutans streptococci to host ligand-coated hydroxyapatite in vitro
- 2009
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 43:3, s. 171-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acquisition of mutans streptococci at an early age is a risk factor for later caries development. Following our recent finding that human milk may inhibit adhesion of Streptococcus mutans the aim of the present study was to identify compounds in human milk preventing adhesion of mutans streptococci to saliva- or gp340-coated hydroxyapatite (s-HA and gp340-HA) using an in vitro model system. Superdex 200 fractions of human milk and purified proteins were screened for binding inhibition of the S. mutans strain Ingbritt. Avid inhibition was seen to both s-HA and gp340-HA for caseins, lactoferrin, IgA and IgG, and moderate inhibition for alpha-lactalbumin and bile salt-stimulated lipase, whereas albumin and lysozyme had no effect. The inhibitory epitope in beta-casein was delineated to its C-terminal LLNQELLNPTHQIYPVTQPLAPVHNPISV stretch by use of synthetic peptides. Similarly, a peptide (SCKFDEYFSQSCA) corresponding to the human lactoferrin stretch that is highly homologous to the previously shown inhibitory stretch of bovine lactoferrin was found to inhibit S. mutans Ingbritt binding. Inhibition by human milk, IgA, and the inhibitory beta-casein peptide was universal among 4 strains of S. mutans (Ingbritt, NG8, LT11, JBP) and 2 strains of S. sobrinus (6715 and OMZ176). IgG inhibited 4, alpha-lactalbumin 3 and lactoferrin 2 of these 6 strains. It was also confirmed that none of the milk components coated on HA mediated S. mutans Ingbritt adhesion, which was consistent with the finding that no milk protein was recognized on Western blots by gp340/DMBT1 monoclonal antibodies.
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| 9. |
- Gabre, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Fluoride retention of a mucosa adhesive paste compared with other home-care fluoride products.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 42:4, s. 240-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Home-care use of fluoride (F) requires a motivated individual and several F products rely on a person's ability to follow instructions and to cooperate with the treatment. The aim of this crossover study was to investigate concentrations, distribution in the oral cavity and duration of the elevated F concentrations after using four F products: (1) a mucosa adhesive paste with 0.1% F, (2) a mouth rinsing solution with 0.2% NaF, (3) toothpaste containing 0.5% F and (4) a tablet with 0.75 mg F. Fourteen subjects used the four products in randomized order either during the daytime or just before going to bed. The F concentration was measured both in saliva and at interproximal sites. After 6 h of sleep, the F concentration after using the mucosa adhesive paste and the mouth rinse solution was high in saliva. In the interproximal area, the adhesive paste showed the highest values. During daytime use, all the products increased the F concentration, but only the mucosa adhesive paste and the rinsing solution elevated F in saliva for up to 2 h. In the interproximal area, the paste increased the F concentration most. In conclusion, this study showed that the mucosa adhesive paste and the mouth rinse solution led to higher F concentrations and for a longer time than tablets and toothpaste. For patients who are unable to comply with traditional F treatment, an F-containing adhesive paste therefore has the potential to be a useful vehicle. For individuals who are able to cooperate, a mouth rinse with an F solution is a simple, efficient and well-known method for preventing dental caries.
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| 10. |
- Gabre, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Oral sugar clearance in individuals with oral motor dysfunctions.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 39:5, s. 357-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feeding problems due to impaired oral motor functions resulting in prolonged meals are common among persons with brain damage. The aim of the present investigation was to study the oral sugar clearance in 16 individuals with oral motor dysfunction (OMD) and 16 individuals with normal oral functions (control group). Repeated saliva samples were collected on filter paper discs at two locations before and during 30 min after intake of a glucose tablet. The individuals with OMD had significantly higher initial glucose concentrations in saliva and longer glucose elimination time compared to the control group. For some of the subjects with OMD, sugar clearance was extremely slow. The sugar clearance time was positively related to the severity of drooling problems, but not to the degree of dysphagia. The results from this study indicate that individuals with OMD have an increased risk of dental caries.
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