| 1. |
- Andersson, Claes, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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An evolutionary developmental approach to cultural evolution
- 2014
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Ingår i: Current Anthropology. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0011-3204 .- 1537-5382. ; 55:2, s. 154-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evolutionary developmental theories in biology see the processes and organization of organisms as crucial for understanding the dynamic behavior of organic evolution. Darwinian forces are seen as necessary but not sufficient for explaining observed evolutionary patterns. We here propose that the same arguments apply with even greater force to culture vis-à-vis cultural evolution. In order not to argue entirely in the abstract, we demonstrate the proposed approach by combining a set of different models into a provisional synthetic theory, and by applying this theory to a number of short case studies. What emerges is a set of concepts and models that allow us to consider entirely new types of explanations for the evolution of cultures. For example we see how feedback relations - both within societies and between societies and their ecological environment - have the power to shape evolutionary history in profound ways. The ambition here is not to produce a definite statement on what such a theory should look like but rather to propose a starting point along with an argumentation and demonstration of its potential.
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| 4. |
- Holtorf, Cornelius, 1968-
(författare)
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Comment
- 2010
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Ingår i: Current Anthropology. - 0011-3204 .- 1537-5382. ; 51:6, s. 782-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Håkansson, N Thomas
(författare)
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History and the Problem of Synchronic Models
- 2010
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Ingår i: Current Anthropology. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0011-3204 .- 1537-5382. ; 51, s. 105-107
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Annan publikation (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Lansing, John Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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The Domain of the Replicators : cultural Evolution and the Neutral Theory
- 2011
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Ingår i: Current Anthropology. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0011-3204 .- 1537-5382. ; 52:1, s. 105-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Do cultural phenomena undergo evolutionary change, in a Darwinian sense? If so, is evolutionary game theory (EGT) the best way to study them? Opinion on these questions is sharply divided. Proponents of EGT argue that it offers a unified theoretical framework for the social sciences, while critics even deny that Darwinian models are appropriately applied to culture. To evaluate these claims, we examine three facets of cultural evolution: (i) cultural traits that evolve by Darwinian selection, (ii) cultural traits that affect biological fitness, and (iii) coevolution of culture and biology, where selection in one affects evolutionary outcomes in the other. For each of these cases, the relevance of EGT depends on whether its assumptions are met. Those assumptions are quite restrictive: selection is constant, time horizons are deep, the external environment is not part of the game, and neutral processes such as drift are irrelevant. If these conditions are not met, other evolutionary models such as neutrality, coalescence theory, or niche construction may prove more appropriate. We conclude that Darwinian processes can occur in all three types of cultural or biological change. However, exclusive reliance on EGT can obscure the respective roles of selective and neutral processes.
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| 7. |
- Palmié, Stephan
(författare)
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Mixed Blessings and Sorrowful Mysteries : Second Thoughts about “Hybridity”
- 2013
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Ingår i: Current Anthropology. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0011-3204 .- 1537-5382. ; 54:4, s. 463-482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent decades, approaches championing conceptions of hybridity and the hybrid have proliferated in our discipline. This has been hailed as, and may well represent, a salutary reaction against earlier tendencies toward reificatory holism in the construction of units of ethnographic description and analysis. Yet both current anthropological deployments (and critiques) of hybridity have not superseded a fundamentally questionable logic that mistakes the output of the operation of rules of discernment and discrimination inherent to human classificatory activity (including those variously in play in our own discipline) for more or less adequate descriptions of the world and its furniture. If, in this sense, anthropological analysis has long aimed to reveal the fundamentally arbitrary nature of socially operative categories of identity and difference through what Bowker and Star call strategic “inversions of classificatory infrastructures,” it stands to argue that we have neglected to submit our own practices of knowledge production to such metacategorical reflexivity. In failing to do so, we have tended to proceed from what Bakhtin calls “intentional hybridity” (i.e., deliberate translational commensuration across heterogeneous universes of discourse) to increasing degrees of operationally normalized “organic hybridity” that have come to inform our very conceptions of “the cultural.”
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