| 1. |
- Nasiopoulou, Panagiota, et al.
(författare)
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Conditions for Children’s Language and Literacy Learning in Swedish Preschools: Exploring Quality Variations with ECERS-3
- 2023
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Ingår i: Early Childhood Education Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1082-3301 .- 1573-1707. ; 51:7, s. 1305-1316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to explore the conditions for children?s language and literacy learning in 153 Swedish preschools with children one to five years. The Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS-3) is used to evaluate preschool quality, focusing on the subscale of Language and literacy activities. The study draws on Bronfenbrenner?s ecological systems theory to highlight the conditions for children?slanguage and literacy learning in preschool. Significant differences were found in the quality of the 153 preschools as a whole and the five subscales in ECERS-3, giving children unequal conditions for learning and development in the studied areas. Within the Language and literacy subscale, items related to children?s oral language development scored a higher average quality compared with written language-relateditems. Individualized teaching, Staff?child interaction ,and Whole-group activities were moderately correlated with activities supporting language development. The results are discussed in terms of an ecological perspective on preschool quality in which intentional teaching needs to be directed at language and literacy learning in both individual, small, and whole-group interactions.
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| 2. |
- Sterner, Thomas, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Spreading Environmental Economics Worldwide
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental and Resource Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0924-6460 .- 1573-1502. ; 84:3, s. 649-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Zhdanov, Vladimir, 1952
(författare)
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How the partial-slip boundary condition can influence the interpretation of the DLS and NTA data
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0092-0606 .- 1573-0689. ; 46:2, s. 169-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) are widely used to determine the size of biological nanoparticles in liquid. In both cases, one first measures the nanoparticle diffusion coefficient and then converts it to the nanoparticle radius via the Stokes-Einstein relation. This relation is based on the no-slip boundary condition. Now, there is evidence that this condition can be violated in biologically relevant cases (e.g., for vesicles) and that in such situations the partial-slip boundary condition is more suitable. I show (i) how the latter condition can be employed in the context of DLS and NTA and (ii) that the use of the former condition may result in underestimation of the nanoparticle radius by about 10 nm compared with the nominal one.
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| 4. |
- Zhdanov, Vladimir, 1952
(författare)
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Kinetic aspects of virus targeting by nanoparticles in vivo
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0092-0606 .- 1573-0689. ; 47:2, s. 95-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the suggested ways of the use of nanoparticles in virology implies their association with and subsequent deactivation of virions. The conditions determining the efficiency of this approach in vivo are now not clear. Herein, I propose the first kinetic model describing the corresponding processes and clarifying these conditions. My analysis indicates that nanoparticles can decrease concentration of infected cells by a factor of one order of magnitude, but this decrease itself (without feedback of the immune system) is insufficient for full eradication of infection. It can, however, induce delay in the progress of infection, and this delay can help to form sufficient feedback of the immune system.
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| 5. |
- Olsén, K. Håkan, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to carbamate fungicide iodocarb does not affect reproductive behavior or milt volumes in precocious male brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) parr
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fish Physiology & Biochemistry. - : Springer Nature. - 0920-1742 .- 1573-5168. ; 46, s. 1451-1460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies with olfactory-disturbing pesticides resulted after exposure in disturbed behavior and physiology in fish. In the present experiment, reproductive behavior and milt volumes of precocious brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) male parr were studied in a large stream aquarium after exposure to the olfactory-disturbing fungicide 15 μg l-1 IPBC (iodocarb; 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate) for 96 h. The statistical analyses did not reveal any significant differences for time attending females between controls and IPBC-exposed males. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in milt volumes. However, when taking all fish into consideration, there were significant differences in milt volumes between parr that had been attending females and those had not been attending females. Controls that had attended females had significantly higher milt volumes than controls or IPBC-exposed males that had not attended females. Taking all control and IPBC parr into consideration, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between time attended females and volume of milt and gonadosomatic index (GSI), respectively. In summary, 15 μg l-1 IPBC did not have any significant effects on mature male parr reproductive behavior and milt volumes.
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| 6. |
- Almén, Niclas, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioral Stress Recovery Management Intervention for People With High Levels of Perceived Stress : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Stress Management. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1072-5245 .- 1573-3424. ; 27:2, s. 183-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous and prolonged exposure to stressors or unsuccessfully dealing with such exposure has been suggested as precursors for burnout. Current research indicates that such stress problems could be conceptualized as deficiencies in recovery between periods of stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a behaviorally oriented stress recovery management intervention for people experiencing high levels of stress. A total of 73 individuals with experiences of stress symptoms and high levels of perceived stress (>= 25 on the Perceived Stress Scale) were randomly allocated to either a 10-week intervention group or a waiting-list control group. Participants were assessed at preintervention, postintervention, and 3-month follow-up. The Perceived Stress Scale, questions about tension, and the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire were used as primary outcome measures. and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used as a secondary outcome measure. Data were analyzed following the intention-to-treat principle. The analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvements for all measures at posttreatment and at follow-up. The between-groups effect sizes were high at posttreatment and moderate-to-high at follow-up. Intervention focused on stress recovery behavior seems to be an effective way of reducing perceived stress, tension, burnout symptoms, anxiety, and depression in people with stress symptoms and high levels of perceived stress in everyday life. The tested intervention warrants further research. Other stress recovery behavior interventions need to be tested to draw conclusions on the efficacy of stress recovery behavior interventions in general regarding stress and burnout.
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| 7. |
- Arsenovic, Jasenko, et al.
(författare)
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Money for Nothing : The Impact of Compensation on Customers’ Bad-Mouthing in Service Recovery Encounters
- 2022
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Ingår i: Marketing letters. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0923-0645 .- 1573-059X. ; 34:1, s. 69-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As one of the retailer’s most potent recovery tactics to offset disgruntled customers, firms invest heavily in compensation to increase customer satisfaction and improve loyalty. How- ever, the effectiveness of this tactic remains unclear. This study examines whether firm-offered compensation affects customers’ emotional responses and bad-mouthing behavior (i.e., tell- ing others about a particular problem). Importantly, the study investigates whether the level of collaboration during the recovery encounter moderates the link between compensation and customers’ emotional responses, and whether collaborative efforts influence the effectiveness of compensation. The findings indicate that collaboration during the recovery encounter is nec- essary if compensation is to mitigate negative emotional responses, with downstream effects on bad-mouthing behavior. In confirming the importance of collaboration during recovery encounters, the findings have critical managerial and financial implications.
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| 8. |
- Azar, Christian, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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The social cost of methane
- 2023
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Ingår i: Climatic Change. - 1573-1480 .- 0165-0009. ; 176:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A rapid and sustained reduction of methane emissions has been proposed recently as a key strategy to meet the climate targets of the Paris Agreement. The social cost of methane (SCM), which expresses the climate damage cost associated with an additional metric ton of methane emitted, is a metric that can be used to design policies to reduce the emissions of this gas. Here, we extend the DICE-2016R2 model so that it includes an improved carbon cycle and energy balance model as well as methane emissions, methane abatement cost, and an atmospheric methane cycle explicitly to be able to provide consistent estimations of the SCM. We estimate the SCM to lie in the range 880–8100 USD/tCH4 in 2020, with a base case estimate of 4000 USD/tCH4. We find our base case estimate to be larger than the average SCM presented in other studies mainly due to the revised damage function we use. We also estimate the social cost of carbon (SCC) and find that SCM estimates are less sensitive to variations in the social discount rate than the SCC due to the relatively short lifetime of methane. Changes in the parameterization of the damage function have similar relative impacts on both SCM and SCC. Furthermore, we evaluate the ratio of SCM to SCC as an alternative metric to GWP-100 of CH4 to facilitate tradeoffs between these two gases. We find this ratio to lie in the range 7–33 in 2020, with a base case estimate of 21, based on an extensive sensitivity analysis with respect to the discount rate, damage cost, and underlying emission scenarios. We also show that the global warming potential (GWP) and the SCM to SCC ratio are almost the same if the inverse of the effective discounting (in the social cost calculations) is equal to the time horizon used to evaluate the GWP. For comparison, the most widely used GWP, i.e., with a time horizon of 100 years, equals 27, hence in the upper range of the ratio we find using the SCM to SCC ratio.
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| 9. |
- Borgström, Emilie W., et al.
(författare)
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Three Adult Cases of STAT1 Gain-of-Function with Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis Treated with JAK Inhibitors
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Immunology. - : Springer. - 0271-9142 .- 1573-2592. ; 43, s. 136-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose; The aim of this study was to characterize clinical effects and biomarkers in three patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) caused by gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the STAT1 gene during treatment with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors.Methods: Mass cytometry (CyTOF) was used to characterize mononuclear leukocyte populations and Olink assay to quantify 265 plasma proteins. Flow-cytometric Assay for Specific Cell-mediated Immune-response in Activated whole blood (FASCIA) was used to quantify the reactivity against Candida albicans.Results: Overall, JAK inhibitors improved clinical symptoms of CMC, but caused side effects in two patients. Absolute numbers of neutrophils, T cells, B cells, and NK cells were sustained during baricitinib treatment. Detailed analysis of cellular subsets, using CyTOF, revealed increased expression of CD45, CD52, and CD99 in NK cells, reflecting a more functional phenotype. Conversely, monocytes and eosinophils downregulated CD16, consistent with reduced inflammation. Moreover, T and B cells showed increased expression of activation markers during treatment. In one patient with a remarkable clinical effect of baricitinib treatment, the immune response to C. albicans increased after 7 weeks of treatment. Alterations in plasma biomarkers involved downregulation of cellular markers CXCL10, annexin A1, granzyme B, granzyme H, and oncostatin M, whereas FGF21 was the only upregulated marker after 7 weeks. After 3 months, IFN-gamma and CXCL10 were downregulated.Conclusions: The clinical effect of JAK inhibitor treatment of CMC is promising. Several biological variables were altered during baricitinib treatment demonstrating that lymphocytes, NK cells, monocytes, and eosinophils were affected. In parallel, cellular reactivity against C. albicans was enhanced.
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| 10. |
- Cerna, K., et al.
(författare)
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Changing Categorical Work in Healthcare: the Use of Patient-Generated Health Data in Cancer Rehabilitation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Computer Supported Cooperative Work-the Journal of Collaborative Computing and Work Practices. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0925-9724. ; 29, s. 563-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Categorical work in chronic care is increasingly dependent on digital technologies for remote patient care. However, remote care takes many forms and while various types of digital technologies are currently being used, we lack a nuanced understanding of how to design such technologies for specific novel usages. In this paper, we focus on digital technologies for patient-generated health data and how their use changes categorical work in chronic care. Our aim is to understand how categorical work changes, which novel forms of categorical work emerge and what the implications are for the care relation. This paper is based on an ethnographic study of healthcare professionals' work at a pelvic cancer rehabilitation clinic and their interactions with patients. In this setting, supportive talks between patients and nurses are central. To understand the complexities of categorical work in chronic care when patient-generated health data are introduced, we contrast the traditional supportive talks with supportive talks where the nurses had access to the patients' patient-generated health data. We identify and analyze challenges connected to novel forms of categorical work. Specifically, we focus on categorical work and how it can undergo changes. Our empirical findings show how changes occur in the way patients' lived experience of the chronic disease aligns with the categories from chronic care, as well as in the way the nurse works with clinical categories during the talk. These insights help us further understand the implications of patient generated-data use in supportive talks. We contribute to an improved understanding of the use of patient-generated health data in clinical practice and based on this, we identify design implications for how to make categorical work more collaborative.
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