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- Strandh, Mattias, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Active Labour market policy and unemployment scarring : A ten-year Swedish panel study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Social Policy. - United Kingdom : Cambridge University Press. - 0047-2794 .- 1469-7823. ; 37:3, s. 357-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have shown mixed results concerning the effects of participation in active labour market policy programmes (ALMPs) on the longer term scars in the form of poor income development and low job stability following the end of an unemployment spell. Most previous studies, however, have been limited both in the time frame used and to particular programmes. We argue that human capital investments are long-term investments and should therefore also be investigated from a long-term perspective. ALMP training and ALMPs as subsidized employment also represent different types of human capital investments that may produce effects that are differently distributed over time. In order to handle these issues, this article uses a longitudinal register-based dataset in which all long-term (more than six months) unemployed Swedes in 1993, who had no labour market problems in 1992, are followed for ten years. We found positive effects of ALMP participation concerning both the probability of reaching pre-unemployment incomes and a reduction in the hazard of exiting the labour market, while the effect on the probability of having an unemployment-free year was mixed. The effects of the two forms of ALMPs were differently distributed over time, with ALMP employment having an immediate effect that decreased relatively quickly and ALMP training having a longer-term effect.
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| 2. |
- Halleröd, Björn, 1960
(författare)
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Sour grapes: Relative deprivation, adaptive preferences and the measurement of poverty
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Social Policy. - 0047-2794. ; 35, s. 371-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One frequently used direct measure of deprivation and poverty is the objective relative deprivation index (O-RDindex), developed by Mack and Lansley (1985). One assumption underlying the O-RDindex is that respondents can distinguish between what that they cannot afford and what they do not want. This assumption contradicts the subjective usage of the concept relative deprivation (S-RD), which suggests a connection between economic circumstances, choice of reference group and consumption preferences. The present analysis supports the S-RD assumptions. People with limited access to economic resources are more likely to say they 'do not want' various consumable items. The results indicate a subjective bias that leads to underestimation of the incidence of O-RD among those suffering from the greatest economic hardship. However, it is also concluded that asking people to differentiate between choice and economic constraint improves our measurement of O-RD and decreases the risk that relatively well-off individuals will score high on the O-RDindex due to peculiar prioritising of consumption. Yet it is still the case that the social mechanisms related to S-RD most probably lead to underestimation of O-RD.
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