| 1. |
- Olsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Dental pulp capping : effect of Emdogain Gel on experimentally exposed human pulps
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 38:3, s. 186-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To investigate the effect of Emdogain Gel (Biora AB, Malmo, Sweden), consisting of a enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in a propylene glycol alginate (PGA) vehicle, on experimentally exposed human pulps and to register postoperative symptoms. METHODOLOGY: Nine pairs of contralateral premolars scheduled for extraction on orthodontic indications were included. Following a superficial pulp amputation performed with a small (016) diamond bur, either EMDgel or a mix of calcium hydroxide and sterile saline was placed at random in contact with the pulp wound. The subjects made records of symptoms and were also interviewed about pain/discomfort by a blinded examiner. After 12 weeks the teeth were extracted, prepared and subjected to light microscopic examination in which the inflammation and newly formed hard tissue in the pulp were analysed. Immunohistochemistry was performed using affinity-purified rabbit anti-EMD polyclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Postoperative symptoms were less frequent in the EMDgel-treated than in the calcium hydroxide-treated teeth, especially during the first six weeks. In the EMDgel-treated teeth, new tissue partly filled the space initially occupied by the gel and hard tissue was formed alongside the exposed dentine surfaces and in patches in the adjacent pulp tissue. EMD was detected in the areas where new hard tissue had been formed. The wound area of the EMDgel-treated teeth exhibited inflammation in the majority of the teeth whereas less inflammation was seen in the calcium hydroxide-treated teeth where the hard tissue was formed as a bridge. CONCLUSIONS: In the EMDgel-treated teeth, postoperative symptoms were less frequent and the amount and pattern of hard tissue formation were markedly different than in the teeth treated with calcium hydroxide. However, the operative procedure and the formulation with EMD in a PGA vehicle do not seem to be effective for the formation of a hard tissue barrier.
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| 2. |
- Olsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Formation of a hard tissue barrier after pulp cappings in gumans. A systematic review
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 39:6, s. 429-442
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim To evaluate the evidence on the formation of a hard tissue barrier after pulp capping in humans. Methodology A PubMed and CENTRAL literature search with specific indexing terms and a hand search were made. The authors assessed the level of evidence of each publication as high, moderate or low. Based on this, the evidence grade of the conclusions was rated as strong, moderately strong, limited or insufficient. Results The initial search process resulted in a total of 171 publications. After reading the abstracts and hand searching the reference lists of the retrieved publications, 107 studies were retrieved in full-text and interpreted. After the interpretation, 21 studies remained and were included in the systematic review and given a level of evidence. No study had a high level of evidence, one study had moderate and 20 studies had a low level of evidence. There was heterogeneity between the studies; therefore, no meta-analysis was performed. The majority of studies on pulp capping using calcium hydroxide based materials reported formation of hard tissue bridging, studies on other pulp capping materials such as bonding agents presented inferior results. The evidence grade was insufficient. Conclusions Insufficient evidence grade does not necessarily imply that there is no effect of a pulp capping procedure or that it should not be used. Rather, the insufficient evidence underpins the need for high-quality studies.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bjørndal, L, et al.
(författare)
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The adoption of new endodontic technology amongst Danish general dental practitioners.
- 2005
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 38:1, s. 52-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To assess the adoption of new endodontic technology in a population of Danish practitioners. METHODOLOGY: Members of the Copenhagen Dental Association (n = 1156) were approached with a questionnaire concerning the frequency of various endodontic procedures. Three options were available: often, occasionally and never. Responses were anonymous. The statistical analyses were performed as studies of association in two- or three-way contingency tables, and with Goodman-Kruskal's gamma-coefficient as the basic tool chosen. RESULTS: Only data from general practitioners (GPs) in private practice were analysed (n = 956). The response rate was 72%. NiTi hand instruments were often used to negotiate canals by 18%, whilst 10% often used NiTi rotary systems. Electronic apex locators were often employed by 15%. Nineteen per cent reported that warm gutta-percha was often used. A majority (53%) often spend two sessions to instrument a molar, and 20% often needed three or more sessions to finish the shaping phase. To complete a treatment of a nonvital case most practitioners reported to use at least three appointments. Only 4% frequently applied rubber dam. CONCLUSIONS: The adoption of new endodontic technology is at an early stage amongst Danish GPs. A new revised remuneration system might influence the rate of adoption, allowing the practitioners to act more rationally and produce a higher frequency of good-quality root fillings. Progress towards high quality endodontics might be hindered by the nonuse of rubber dam.
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| 6. |
- Chávez de Paz, Luis Eduardo, et al.
(författare)
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Response to alkaline stress by root canal bacteria in biofilms
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 40:5, s. 344-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine whether bacteria isolated from infected root canals survive alkaline shifts better in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. METHODOLOGY: Clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus paracasei, Olsenella uli, Streptococcus anginosus, S. gordonii, S. oralis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in biofilm and planktonic cultures were stressed at pH 10.5 for 4 h, and cell viability determined using the fluorescent staining LIVE/DEAD BacLight bacterial viability kit. In addition, proteins released into extracellular culture fluids were identified by Western blotting. RESULTS: Enterococcus faecalis, L. paracasei, O. uli and S. gordonii survived in high numbers in both planktonic cultures and in biofilms after alkaline challenge. S. anginosus, S. oralis and F. nucleatum showed increased viability in biofilms compared with planktonic cultures. Alkaline exposure caused all planktonic cultures to aggregate into clusters and resulted in a greater extrusion of cellular proteins compared with cells in biofilms. Increased levels of DnaK, HPr and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase were observed in culture fluids, especially amongst streptococci. CONCLUSIONS: In general, bacteria isolated from infected roots canals resisted alkaline stress better in biofilms than in planktonic cultures, however, planktonic cells appeared to use aggregation and the extracellular transport of specific proteins as survival mechanisms.
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| 7. |
- Chávez de Paz, Luis, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Response to alkaline stress by root canal bacteria in biofilms. : Viability and mechanisms of response to alkaline stress by selected root canal bacteria.
- 2007
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 40:5, s. 344-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To determine whether bacteria isolated from infected root canals survive alkaline shifts better in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. METHODOLOGY: Clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus paracasei, Olsenella uli, Streptococcus anginosus, S. gordonii, S. oralis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in biofilm and planktonic cultures were stressed at pH 10.5 for 4 h, and cell viability determined using the fluorescent staining LIVE/DEAD BacLight bacterial viability kit. In addition, proteins released into extracellular culture fluids were identified by Western blotting. RESULTS: Enterococcus faecalis, L. paracasei, O. uli and S. gordonii survived in high numbers in both planktonic cultures and in biofilms after alkaline challenge. S. anginosus, S. oralis and F. nucleatum showed increased viability in biofilms compared with planktonic cultures. Alkaline exposure caused all planktonic cultures to aggregate into clusters and resulted in a greater extrusion of cellular proteins compared with cells in biofilms. Increased levels of DnaK, HPr and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase were observed in culture fluids, especially amongst streptococci. CONCLUSIONS: In general, bacteria isolated from infected roots canals resisted alkaline stress better in biofilms than in planktonic cultures, however, planktonic cells appeared to use aggregation and the extracellular transport of specific proteins as survival mechanisms.
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| 8. |
- Eckerbom, M, et al.
(författare)
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A 20-year follow-up study of endodontic variables and apical status in a Swedish population
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 40:12, s. 940-948
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To re-examine a population after 20 years and evaluate changes in prevalence of endodontic treatment and apical periodontitis, as well as the technical quality of root fillings.METHODOLOGY: One hundred and fifteen out of an original 200 patients living in the northern part of Sweden were re-examined with a full mouth radiographic survey after 20 years. Frequencies of root canal treated teeth, apical periodontitis and quality parameters of root fillings were registered.RESULTS: The frequency of root canal treated teeth increased significantly (P < 0.05) from 13.9% at the first investigation to 17.7% after 20 years. There was also a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05) in teeth with apical periodontitis from 3.3% to 6.8%. Apical periodontitis both in connection with root canal treated teeth and teeth without endodontic treatment, had increased during the follow-up period. Even though the quality of the root fillings had improved, there was no corresponding improvement of the apical status in teeth with root fillings.CONCLUSIONS: There is still a great need for endodontic treatment in the Swedish population, and no improvement in apical health was found during this 20-year follow up.
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| 9. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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A 24-year follow-up of root filled teeth and periapical health amongst middle aged and elderly women in Göteborg, Sweden.
- 2005
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 38:4, s. 246-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe the endodontic status amongst middle-aged and elderly women longitudinally and cross-sectionally over 24 years. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of 1462 women 38, 46, 50, 54 and 60 years old, living in Göteborg, Sweden, were sampled in 1968 for medical and dental examinations with a participation rate of 90.1%. The same women were re-examined in 1980 and 1992 together with new 38- and 50-year-old women. The dental examination consisted of questionnaires, clinical and panoramic radiological survey (OPG). The number of teeth, number of root filled teeth (RF) and number of teeth with periapical radiolucencies (PA) were registered. The RF and PA ratios were calculated. Cross-sectional data were analysed by means of anova and longitudinal data by a general linear model for repeated measures. Sample prevalences were compared and statistical inferences were made with the chi-squared test. In all analysis, the confidence interval (CI) regarded mean difference between groups (95% CI). RESULTS: The RF and PA ratio decreased over time as well as the frequency of edentulous subjects. Cross-sectional analysis revealed a minor increase in frequency of RF and PA and loss of teeth with age. Longitudinally, loss of teeth was evident in all cohorts. In addition, there was a trend of lower number of teeth with PA, and the RF ratio increased with age. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of periapical disease did not increase with age, probably as a result of root canal treatment and extractions. Data showed that the prevalence of RF teeth and teeth with PA decreased for comparable age cohorts during the 24-year follow-up.
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| 10. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Technical quality of root fillings and periapical status in root filled teeth in Jönköping, Sweden.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 1365-2591 .- 0143-2885. ; 41:11, s. 958-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To study changes in technical quality of root fillings and periapical status in root filled teeth in random samples of 20 to 70 year-olds between 1973 and 2003. METHODOLOGY: Data from dentate subjects aged 20-70 years from examinations conducted in 1973 (n = 498), 1983 (n = 530), 1993 (n = 547) and 2003 (n = 491) were used for the analysis. Length of root fillings were measured on radiographs to the nearest 0.1 mm. Adequate seal was defined as a root filling without lateral and/or apical voids. Periapical status was assessed according to the periapical index. All observations were made by one calibrated observer registered from full mouth radiographic examinations. Teeth with root fillings ending within the canal without lateral or apical voids were considered adequate. The association between root filling quality and periapical status was analysed by means of the Chi-squared test and a multilevel logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Adequately root filled teeth had a significantly lower frequency of apical periodontitis than inadequately root filled teeth (11.8% vs. 22.8%). The frequency of technically adequate root fillings increased statistically significant from 1973 (23.7%) to 2003 (36.4%) without a concomitant improvement of the periapical status in root filled teeth over time (24.5% vs. 24.6%). CONCLUSIONS: This study reports on an improving technical quality of root fillings over time, without a concomitant improvement of the periapical status in root filled teeth. A larger proportion of treated molars over time may be of importance for the result.
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