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- Hjelmevoll, Stig Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical validation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of Neisseria gonorrheae porA pseudogene versus culture techniques
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. - Philadelphia : American Venereal Disease Association. - 0148-5717 .- 1537-4521. ; 35:5, s. 517-520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diagnosing Neisseria gonorrheae using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) might increase the sensitivity, compared to cultivation. However, using NAATs has also been problematic mainly due to the close genetic relationships between different Neisseria species, resulting in false positive diagnoses. This study was conducted to clinically validate a previously published real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method targeting the porA pseudogene in N. gonorrheae in comparison to culture techniques.Methods: In total, 360 samples, urethra (n = 109), rectum (n = 84), pharynx (n = 119), and cervix (n = 48) from 185 males and 57 females, were analyzed using porA pseudogene PCR and cultivation. Sequencing of the entire porA pseudogene and the 16S rRNA gene were used to resolve discrepant results.Results: Of the 360 samples, 37 were positive by both culture and PCR, however, the PCR identified 15 additional confirmed positive samples. The PCR method showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 100% in a preselected population. The preselected population had a true gonorrhea prevalence of 17.4%.Conclusions: The present porA pseudogene real-time PCR comprises a valuable supplement to the traditional culture techniques for diagnosis of N. gonorrheae, especially for samples from extragenital sites such as pharynx and rectum.
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- Lan, Pham Thi, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge and practice among healthcare providers in rural Vietnam regarding sexually transmitted infections
- 2009
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. - 0148-5717 .- 1537-4521. ; 36:7, s. 452-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess knowledge and reported practice regarding sexually transmitted infections (STI) among healthcare providers in rural Vietnam and to examine background characteristics possibly associated with knowledge and practice. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using a self-completed questionnaire was carried out in 2006 among 465 healthcare providers in rural Vietnam. The questionnaire included questions on providers' characteristics, STI knowledge, and case scenarios of 4 common STI syndromes. Correct answer was scored 1, "do not know" or incorrect answer was scored 0. Linear and logistic regressions were applied. RESULTS: Diseases considered as STI were gonorrhea and syphilis by 83% of the respondents, 70% believed partner treatment necessary for bacterial vaginosis or candidiasis cases. Sharing clothes/food or kissing was commonly mentioned as transmission routes (60%). Median scores of knowledge and reported practice were 29 (range: 0-50) and 2 (range: 0-20), respectively. Among the respondents, 34% had a knowledge score of less than 25 and 78% had a practice score of less than 10. Characteristics predicting higher level of knowledge were being a medical doctor, assistant medical doctor, midwife, or serving STI patients. Characteristics predicting higher level of practice were serving STI patients, being a midwife or female provider, and having participated in STI or reproductive tract infection training courses. Respondents who reported treating STI patients had a higher level of knowledge and reported practice than the others.
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- Terris-Prestholt, Fern, et al.
(författare)
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The role of community acceptance over time for costs of HIV and STI prevention interventions : analysis of the Masaka Intervention Trial, Uganda, 1996-1999
- 2006
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0148-5717 .- 1537-4521. ; 33:10 Suppl, s. S111-S116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to estimate the annual costs of information, education, and communication (IEC), both community- and school-based; strengthened public and private sexually transmitted infections treatment; condom social marketing (CSM); and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) implemented in Masaka, Uganda, over 4 years, and to explore how unit costs change with varying population use/uptake. STUDY: Total economic provider's costs and intervention outputs were collected annually to estimate annual unit costs between 1996 and 1999. RESULTS: In early intervention years, uptake of all activities grew dramatically and continued to grow for public STI treatment, CSM, and VCT. Attendance at IEC performances started to drop in year 4. Unit costs dropped rapidly with increasing uptake of and participation in interventions. CONCLUSIONS: When implementing long-term community-based interventions, it is important to take into account that it takes time for communities to scale up their participation, since this can lead to large variations in unit costs.
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