| 1. |
- Bergquist, Henrik, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Functional and radiological evaluation of free jejunal transplant reconstructions after radical resection of hypopharyngeal or proximal esophageal cancer
- 2007
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Ingår i: World J Surg. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 31:10, s. 1988-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer of the pharyngoesophageal junction (PEJ) is associated with late onset of symptoms, high morbidity, and a dismal prognosis. Radical surgery with pharyngolaryngectomy and reconstruction with a free vascularized jejunal transplant has been increasingly practiced in the treatment of these patients. This strategy is not devoid of challenges, and the present study is aimed at evaluating the long-term functional outcome among patients who have undergone such surgical treatment. Ten patients (mean age 59 years) with a mean follow-up time of 54 months were included. Clinical assessment, health-related quality of life (HRQL) questionnaires, and a standardized radiography examination were used for evaluation. The Karnofsky index ranged from 60 to 90 (mean 82). Global QL scores (EORTC QLQ-C30) had a mean value of 74, and the mean scores for dysphagia-related items of the EORTC QLQ OES-18 questionnaire were within the lower range. Radiographic signs of disturbed bolus transport through the jejunal transplant were found in all patients examined despite the grading of dysphagia from 0 to 1. The Watson dysphagia score varied between 0.5 and 45.0 (mean 16.2). No correlations were found between radiographic findings and the clinical evaluations or the outcomes assessed by the HRQL questionnaires. HRQL was found to be generally good after cancer of the PEJ and jejunal transplant insertion. Most patients reported mild dysphagia. Radiologic signs of disturbed bolus passage were common, but their clinical impact seemed questionable.
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| 2. |
- Ekenäs, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Screening for anti-inflammatory activity of 12 arnica (asteraceae) species assessed by inhibition of NF-kappaB and release of human neutrophil elastase.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Planta Medica. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0032-0943 .- 1439-0221. ; 74:15, s. 1789-1794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several species in the genus Arnica have been used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory-related disorders. Extracts of twelve Arnica species and two species closely related to arnica ( Layia hieracioides and Madia sativa) were investigated for inhibition of human neutrophil elastase release and inhibition of transcription factor NF-kappaB. Statistical analyses reveal significant differences in inhibitory capacities between extracts. Sesquiterpene lactones of the helenanolide type, of which some are known inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase release and NF-kappaB, are present in large amounts in the very active extracts of A. montana and A. chamissonis. Furthermore, A. longifolia, which has previously not been investigated, shows a high activity similar to that of A. montana and A. chamissonis in both bioassays. Sesquiterpene lactones of the xanthalongin type are present in large amounts in A. longifolia and other active extracts and would be interesting to evaluate further. COX-2:cyclooxygenase 2 EMSA:electrophoretic mobility shift assay fMLP: N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine HaCaT:human keratinocyte HNE:human neutrophil elastase IkappaB:inhibitory subunit of kappaB iNOS:inducible nitric oxide synthase NF-kappaB:nuclear factor kappaB PAF:platelet activating factor STL:sesquiterpene lactone TNF-alpha:tumor necrosis factor alpha.
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| 3. |
- Borrás, Susana, et al.
(författare)
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Education, training and skills in innovation policy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 42:2, s. 215-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main question that guides this paper is how governments are focusing (and must focus) on competence building (education, training and skills) when designing and implementing innovation policies. After a brief literature review, this paper suggests a typology of internal/external and individual/organizational sources of competences that are related to innovation activities. This serves to examine briefly the most common initiatives that governments are taking in this regard. The paper identifies three overall deficiencies and imbalances in innovation systems in terms of education, training and skills: the insufficient levels of competences in a system, the time lag between firms’ short-term needs for specific competences and the long time required to develop them, and the imbalances between internal and external sources of competences in firms. From these, the paper elaborates a set of overall criteria for the (re)design of policy instruments addressing those tensions and imbalances.
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| 4. |
- Arukuusk, Piret, et al.
(författare)
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PepFects and NickFects for the Intracellular Delivery of Nucleic Acids
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cell-Penetrating Peptides. - New York : Springer. - 9781493928057 - 9781493928064 ; , s. 303-315
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nucleic acids can be utilized in gene therapy to restore, alter, or silence gene functions. In order to reveal the biological activity nucleic acids have to reach their intracellular targets by passing through the plasma membrane, which is impermeable for these large and negatively charged molecules. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) condense nucleic acids into nanoparticles using non-covalent complexation strategy and mediate their delivery into the cell, whereas the physicochemical parameters of the nanoparticles determine the interactions with the membranes, uptake mechanism, and subsequent intracellular fate. The nanoparticles are mostly internalized by endocytosis that leads to the entrapment of them in endosomal vesicles. Therefore design of new CPPs that are applicable for non-covalent complex formation strategy and harness endosomolytic properties is highly vital. Here we demonstrate that PepFects and NickFects are efficient vectors for the intracellular delivery of various nucleic acids.This chapter describes how to form CPP/pDNA nanoparticles, evaluate stable nanoparticles formation, and assess gene delivery efficacy.
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| 5. |
- Hedwall, Per-Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorus and nitrogen co-limitation of forest ground vegetation under elevated anthropogenic nitrogen deposition
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oecologia. - : Springer. - 0029-8549 .- 1432-1939. ; 185:2, s. 317-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant growth in northern forest ecosystems is considered to be primarily nitrogen limited. Nitrogen deposition is predicted to change this towards co-limitation/limitation by other nutrients (e.g., phosphorus), although evidence of such stoichiometric effects is scarce. We utilized two forest fertilization experiments in southern Sweden to analyze single and combined effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the productivity, composition, and diversity of the ground vegetation. Our results indicate that the productivity of forest ground vegetation in southern Sweden is co-limited by nitrogen and phosphorus. Additionally, the combined effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on the productivity was larger than when applied solely. No effects on species richness of any of these two nutrients were observed when applied separately, while applied in combination, they increased species richness and changed species composition, mainly by promoting more mesotrophic species. All these effects, however, occurred only for the vascular plants and not for bryophytes. The tree layer in a forest has a profound impact on the productivity and diversity of the ground vegetation by competing for both light and nutrients. This was confirmed in our study where a combination of nitrogen and high tree basal area reduced cover of the ground vegetation compared to all the other treatments where basal area was lower after stand thinning. During the past decades, nitrogen deposition may have further increased this competition from the trees for phosphorus and gradually reduced ground vegetation diversity. Phosphorus limitation induced by nitrogen deposition may, thus, contribute to ongoing changes in forest ground vegetation.
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| 6. |
- Maercker, Matthias, 1979
(författare)
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The ALMA View of Evolved Stars
- 2015
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Ingår i: Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series: WHY GALAXIES CARE ABOUT AGB STARS III: A CLOSER LOOK IN SPACE AND TIME. - 9781583818794 ; 497, s. 535-543
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is the largest telescope of its kind, providing the astronomical community with high-spatial resolution, high-sensitivity images between 84 GHz and 720 GHz. During planning and construction of the array, the observatory promised to open a new window on how we observe and investigate the universe around us, and the expectations on how ALMA would affect our understanding of evolved stars were high. ALMA started operations in October 2011, and already with the first observations of an AGB star during Cycle 0, ALMA gave us a unique view of the circumstellar environment around the carbon star R Scl. I review the capabilities of ALMA during the current early science operations and the specifications for full science operations, and the implications these have for research on evolved stars.
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| 7. |
- Nosko, A.L., et al.
(författare)
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Расчет нагрева тормозных устройств ПТМ
- 2007
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Ingår i: Construction and Road Building Machinery. - 0039-2391. ; :3, s. 38-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Selenius, LA, et al.
(författare)
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The Cell Culture Medium Affects Growth, Phenotype Expression and the Response to Selenium Cytotoxicity in A549 and HepG2 Cells
- 2019
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Ingår i: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3921. ; 8:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selenium compounds influence cell growth and are highly interesting candidate compounds for cancer chemotherapy. Over decades an extensive number of publications have reported highly efficient growth inhibitory effects with a number of suggested mechanisms f especially for redox-active selenium compounds. However, the studies are difficult to compare due to a high degree of variations in half-maximal inhibitor concentration (IC50) dependent on cultivation conditions and methods to assess cell viability. Among other factors, the variability in culture conditions may affect the experimental outcome. To address this, we have compared the maintenance effects of four commonly used cell culture media on two cell lines, A549 and HepG2, evaluated by the toxic response to selenite and seleno-methylselenocysteine, cell growth and redox homeostasis. We found that the composition of the cell culture media greatly affected cell growth and sensitivity to selenium cytotoxicity. We also provided evidence for change of phenotype in A549 cells when maintained under different culture conditions, demonstrated by changes in cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and vimentin expression. In conclusion, our results have shown the importance of defining the cell culture medium used when comparing results from different studies.
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