Biosensors based on ammonia sensitive metal-oxide-semiconductor structures

• The physical principles behind the ammonia gas sensitivity of thin catalytic metal-oxide-semiconductor structures are briefly described. in particular, it is shown that room temperature operation is possible with good performance. Biosensors based on the combination of these structures with immobilized enzymes are also described. Several substrates of clinical interest, such as urea, creatinine and amino acids are determined by the combination of the structure and corresponding immobilized enzymes. A flow injection analysis system and a 'bioprobe' are described and discussed.

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