| 1. |
- Bernhard-Oettel, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing three alternative types of employment with permanent full-time work : How do employment contract and perceived job conditions relate to health complaints?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Work & Stress. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0267-8373 .- 1464-5335. ; 19:4, s. 301-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has found alternative employment arrangements to be associated with both impaired and improved well-being. Since such inconsistencies are likely to derive from the type of employment contract as well as the characteristics of the job, this paper compares permanent full time work to alternative employment forms (permanent part time, fixed-term and on-call work) in order to investigate how different employment contracts and perceptions of job conditions relate to individual well-being. This study contributes to the literature by addressing several open questions. Different forms of alternative employment are distinguished and individual background characteristics that might be intertwined with the employment contract are controlled for. Moreover, the scope of this study extends to the effects of perceived job conditions and possible interactive effects with type of employment are tested. Analyses of questionnaire data from 954 Swedish healthcare workers show that perceptions of the job (job insecurity, job control and demands), but not the type of employment contract, predicted health complaints. However, type of employment contract interacted with perceptions of job insecurity, in that insecurity was associated with impaired well-being among permanent full-time workers, while no relationship was found for on-call or core part-time employees. Despite the absence of interactions between employment contract and job demands or job control, it can be concluded that knowledge about the relationship between alternative employment arrangements and the well-being of workers can be enhanced when the combined effects of employment contract and job conditions are studied.
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| 2. |
- Berntson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between perceived employability and subsequent health
- 2007
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Ingår i: Work & Stress. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1464-5335 .- 0267-8373. ; 21:3, s. 279-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being capable of getting new employment may enable an employee to cope with turbulent situations or deteriorating job conditions. Individuals who have higher perceived employability are likely to appraise a situation at work more favourably, and consequently experience better health and wellbeing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived employability and subsequent health, while controlling for baseline health, background factors, and work environment exposures. The study is based on 53 items in the National Working Life Cohort in Sweden from two data collections (2004 and 2005), comprising 1918 individuals. Forced entry hierarchical regression analysis showed that, after controlling for demographics, psychological demands, control, and ergonomic exposures, perceived employability was positively associated with global health and mental well-being, but unrelated to physical complaints. When baseline health status was added, perceived employability was still a significant predictor of two out of three outcome variables. Individuals with higher perceived employability had a tendency to report better health and well-being a year later. It is concluded that how an employee perceives his or her possibilities in regard to acquiring new employment is relevant for well-being at a later stage. Perceived employability, which has been little studied before, is therefore a useful concept in health promotion, both at the individual and at the organizational level.
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| 3. |
- Boersma, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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Stability and change in burnout profiles over time : A prospective study in the working population
- 2009
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Ingår i: Work & Stress. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 0267-8373 .- 1464-5335. ; 23:3, s. 264-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a prospective study on the development of burnout in the general Swedish working population from a person-oriented perspective. A large random sample of the general working population (N=1118) was cluster analyzed, using scores on the subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. The individual and structural stability of the configurations over time, as well as accompanying changes on work-related and mental health variables were investigated. The results show the occurrence of several different configurations of burnout variables. Scoring patterns with high exhaustion and cynicism reflected burnout; those with a high level of professional efficacy reflected engagement; there were also scoring patterns characterized by only one of the dimensions in the relative absence of others. These patterns show structural, as well as individual stability over time. The risk factors for development of burnout or engagement from clusters with only one burnout characteristic varied according to the cluster. These results give new insights, indicating that the road to burnout may be different for subgroups of different burnout profiles, and that these subgroups may potentially have different risk factors associated with the development of burnout. This is of importance for the development of early interventions.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Ann-Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational Change, Health and Sick Leave among Health Care Employees : A Longitudinal Study Measuring Stress Markers, Individual and Work Site Factors
- 2008
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Ingår i: Work & Stress. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0267-8373 .- 1464-5335. ; 22:1, s. 69-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This controlled longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the effects of organizational change on employees' self-reported health, work satisfaction, work-related exhaustion, stress, and sick leave. The population consisted of 226 employees at T1 and 198 at T2, divided into a study group affected by organizational changes, and a reference group not affected by them. Group differences for the outcome measures self-rated health (SRH), work satisfaction, work-related exhaustion, and hormones associated with stress were analysed using a two-factor ANOVA design for repeated measurements. Our findings showed no significant differences, either across time or between groups for SRH, work satisfaction, and work-related exhaustion. However, we did find significant change across time and between groups for the recovery hormone DHEA-S. Days of sick leave increased by 7% for employees in the study group and by 2% in the reference group. Serum cortisol showed significantly decreased levels across time but not between groups. The decreased recovery potential in the study group might have long-term health implications. The study points to the importance of looking at the impact of organizational change on employee well-being from a number of perspectives, such as self-reported health parameters, registered sick-leave data, and biological stress markers.
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| 7. |
- Näswall, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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The moderating role of personality characteristics on the relation between job insecurity and strain
- 2005
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Ingår i: Work & Stress. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0267-8373 .- 1464-5335. ; 19:1, s. 37-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The experience of job insecurity has been linked to several different outcomes, such as negative attitudes towards work and the organization, turnover intention, as well as health complaints. However, since the strength of these effects have been found to vary across studies, it is vital to identify factors that could influence the relationships. The present study examines the moderating role of three personality characteristics (negative affectivity, positive affectivity, and external locus of control) on the relation between job insecurity and outcomes (mental health complaints, job dissatisfaction, and job-induced tension). Data from 400 nurses at a Swedish acute care hospital (response rate 71%; 91% women, aged 20-68 years) showed that both job insecurity and personality were related to strain. Also, the data indicated some buffering effect of personality. Despite the gender bias of the sample, the study provides additional support for the notion that job insecurity affects strain even after controlling for individual characteristics. The study also expands the literature on job insecurity by pointing out the influence of personality characteristics on the relationship between stressors and strain.
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