| 1. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Experiencing moose and landscape while driving : a simulator and questionnaire study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 41, s. 91-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal vehicle collisions (AVC's) have large economic, medical and ecological consequences but have rarely been studied with respect to driver behaviour. The aim of this study was to investigate different AVC-relevant landscape settings (vegetation cover), with and without game fencing and in combination with encountering moose. Twenty-five participants took part in an advanced driving simulator experiment. The results show that neither the presence of a game fence nor vegetation was found to affect driving speed, speed variability, lateral position or visual scanning in general. When a moose appeared at the side of the road, the drivers reacted by slowing down earlier and reducing their speed more when no game fence was present. Furthermore, the speed reduction when a moose was present was significantly larger when the vegetation was sparse. Game fencing made drivers feel at ease whereas dense vegetation was experienced as more stressful.
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| 2. |
- Aries, Myriam, et al.
(författare)
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Windows, view, and office characteristics predict physical and psychological discomfort
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 30:4, s. 533-541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Office employees spend a lot of time inside buildings, where the physical conditions influence their well-being and indirectly influence their employers' business performance. With data from a field study conducted in the Netherlands in April to May 2003, we used path analysis to further elucidate the relationship between personal (gender and seasonality of mood shifts), building (view type, view quality, window distance, and social density), and perceived environmental conditions (light quality, and office impression) and physical and psychological discomfort, sleep quality, and environmental utility. The results show that window views, which that are rated as being more attractive, are beneficial to building occupants by reducing discomfort. However, being close to a window and rating the lighting as being of lower quality can result in thermal and glare problems (environmental utility). Reduced discomfort at work can improve sleep quality, indicating that physical conditions at work influence home life.
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| 3. |
- Beery, T. H., et al.
(författare)
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Nature to place : Rethinking the environmental connectedness perspective
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 40, s. 198-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The environmental connectedness perspective posits that direct encounter with generalized, or non-specific "nature," leads to environmental connectedness and subsequent pro-environmental behavior. This article examines this perspective and proposes a place-based application of the nature encounter-environmental behavior relation. An empirical study using data from a national survey on outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism is presented. Results show a minimal relationship between measures of environmental connectedness and self-reports of environmental behavior. The following examination of the environmental connectedness perspective reveals that environmental connectedness is rooted in a material/objective perspective, neglecting the human domain of perceptions, values, and representations. The environment as "nature" is portrayed as a geographically undefined agent with the inherent power to change human attitudes and behavior. Based on this, the article concludes with a proposed replacement of the elusive concept of nature for the relational concept of place. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 4. |
- Ceccato, Vania
(författare)
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The nature of rape places
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 40, s. 97-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this article is to characterise the distribution and the urban landscape in which outdoor rapes happen in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) underlie the methodology of this research that combines crime police records, police protocols and information from fieldwork of a sample of rape places. Rapes are concentrated in the inner city areas but follow a patchy pattern in some parts of the periphery. Rapes happen in places with poor visibility but that offer an easy escape for the offender. A large share of them happen in the weekends, holidays and hot months of the year, which can be associated with unstructured leisure routine activities of individuals. Results show that the role of environment on the occurrence of rape varies over time and space - a fact with important implications for research and safety interventions.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived outdoor lighting quality POLQ. A lighting assessment tool
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-9610 .- 0272-4944. ; 39, s. 14-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedA shift towards more energy-efficient light sources for outdoor lighting such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is underway. Photometric measures are not sufficient to capture how users experience the light, so complementary tools are required. This study aimed to develop an observer-based environmental assessment tool, based on bipolar semantic differentials, for outdoor lighting in urban spaces. Exploratory (N = 130) and confirmatory (N = 117) factor analyses of observations of lighting installations made by laypersons on-site along pedestrian paths, resulted in two dimensions of high reliability: the Perceived Strength Quality (PSQ, Cronbach's alpha = 0.82–0.85) and the Perceived Comfort Quality (PCQ, Cronbach's alpha = 0.77–0.81). PSQ and PCQ differentiated between light sources of different illuminance level, colour temperature and colour rendering. Regression analyses showed that the perceived lighting qualities helped to explain the variance in visual accessibility, whereas PCQ helped to explain perceived danger in the environment. The perceived lighting qualities can add to the understanding of pedestrians' perception of outdoor lighting, and is proposed as a complementary tool for development of sustainable light designs in the urban environment
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| 7. |
- Lindal, Pall J., et al.
(författare)
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Architectural variation, building height, and the restorative quality of urban residential streetscapes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 33, s. 26-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With increasing urban densification, built environments that can promote restoration will become more important. Well-designed residential streetscapes might support restoration, but little research has considered the physical attributes that matter in this context. Taking guidance from research on environmental preferences, the present study considers the effects of entropy (aggregate architectural variation) and building height on judgments of restoration likelihood for urban residential streetscapes. Physical attributes of buildings (roofline silhouette, surface ornamentation, number of floors) were systematically manipulated in 145 computer-generated images of residential streetscapes. In a web-based procedure, participants (N = 263) in each of several independent groups rated the streetscapes on one of several psychological variables, including being away, fascination, restoration likelihood and preference. Multiple mediation analysis used the images as units of analysis, with the respective group mean scores on the psychological variables as the data for the images. The effect of entropy on restoration likelihood was positive, whereas the effect of building height was negative. Being away and fascination together fully mediated the effects of entropy on judgments of restoration likelihood. The effect of building height was only partially mediated, and then by being away and not fascination. The results provide guidance for the design of more psychologically sustainable urban residential environments.
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| 8. |
- Nordin, Steven, et al.
(författare)
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The environmental symptom-attribution scale : metric properties and normative data
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 36, s. 9-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to develop, metrically evaluate and establish normative data for the Environmental Symptom-Attribution Scale (ESAS), which is a questionnaire-based instrument for quantifying degree to which health symptoms are attributed to specific environmental exposures and sources. Data were used from 3406 individuals who took part in the Västerbotten Environmental Health Study in Sweden. The responders constitute a random sample, aged 18–79 years. They responded to the ESAS and to questions about physician-based diagnoses for evaluation of concurrent validity of the ESAS. Four dimensions of the ESAS were identified, constituting subscales: the Odorous/Pungent, Building-Related, Sound, and Electromagnetic Field Subscales. A Global Scale is available as well. In general, the distributions of the scores on the scales were positively skewed and leptokurtic in shape. The results demonstrate good reliability and concurrent validity of all five ESAS scales. Percentiles were obtained as normative data. Examples of use of the ESAS applied on individuals are provided. The favorable metric properties of the ESAS and its rapid administration suggest that it is useful for assessment in clinical and epidemiological settings.
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| 9. |
- Ojala, Maria, 1970-
(författare)
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How do children cope with global climate change? : coping strategies, engagement, and well-being
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Academic Press. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 32:3, s. 225-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this questionnaire study was to explore how Swedish 12-year-olds (n = 293) cope with climate change, and how different coping strategies relate to environmental engagement and well-being. Three coping strategies were identified: problem-focused coping, de-emphasizing the seriousness of climate change, and meaning-focused coping. Problem-focused and meaning-focused coping had positive associations with measures of environmental engagement, while de-emphasizing the threat had negative associations with engagement. Problem-focused coping was positively related to general negative affect, which was explained by the tendency for highly problem-focused children to worry more about climate change. In contrast, the more meaning-focused coping the children used the less they experienced negative affect, and the more they experienced life satisfaction, general positive affect, purpose, and optimism. Finally, moderation analyses revealed that for children high on problem-focused coping; meaning-focused coping, purpose, and optimism worked as buffers against negative affect. The importance of positive emotions for constructive coping is discussed.
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| 10. |
- Pedersen, Tore, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Counteracting the focusing illusion : Effects of defocusing on car users’ predicted satisfaction with public transport
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 32:1, s. 30-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Car users underestimate their potential satisfaction with public transport due to a focusing illusion (i.e., focusing on a too narrow range of aspects related to the focal event). To investigate whether a defocusing technique would increase car users’ predicted satisfaction with public transport, the effects of defocusing techniques, generic (Study 1) and self-relevant (Study 2), were investigated. In Study 1 (estimate daily time spent on ten pre-selected activities), the generic defocusing technique did not generate higher predicted satisfaction with public transport. In Study 2, the self-relevant defocusing technique generated higher predicted satisfaction on quality attributes, namely satisfaction with the number of departures, the number of available seats and the condition of the vehicles, in comparison with controls. It is concluded that the self-relevant defocusing technique applied in Study 2 (state your various everyday activities and describe how much time you engage in them) was successful in making car users take into account activities in life that will remain unchanged if they were to use public transport for their daily travel. Additionally, in Studies 1 and 2, it was found that car-use habit, regardless of the experimental condition, influenced the magnitude of predicted satisfaction, that is, the higher the car-use habit, the lower the predicted satisfaction with public transport.
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