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Träfflista för sökning "L773:0277 6715 OR L773:1097 0258 srt2:(2000-2004)"

Sökning: L773:0277 6715 OR L773:1097 0258 > (2000-2004)

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  • Dickman, PW, et al. (författare)
  • Regression models for relative survival
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Statistics in medicine. - : Wiley. - 0277-6715 .- 1097-0258. ; 23:1, s. 51-64
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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  • Gunnarsson, Ronny K, 1955, et al. (författare)
  • The predictive value of microbiologic diagnostic tests if asymptomatic carriers are present
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Stat Med. - : Wiley. - 0277-6715 .- 0277-6715 .- 1097-0258. ; 21:12, s. 1773-85
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • If a proper gold standard is not available, then the predictive value of a test cannot be estimated. In this paper the concept of etiologic predictive value (EPV) is introduced. It is a quantity that will yield the predictive value of a test to predict presence of a specified disease in situations for which no proper gold standard is available. This is achieved by using information obtained from a healthy control population. This quantity requires that the marker in our test is present in all individuals having the specified disease, as in the case where the marker is the aetiologic factor for the specified disease. Furthermore this quantity requires that asymptomatic carriers are present. This means that not all individuals with the marker has the specified disease. EPV is developed with special reference to the evaluation of bacterial cultures, or rapid tests to detect a bacterium, but the quantity might be used in other circumstances as well. EPV is applied to an example in which conventional throat culture is evaluated. Further information concerning EPV can be found at http://www.infovice.se/fou/epv.
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  • Hansson, Sven Ove (författare)
  • Replacing the no-effect level (NOEL) with bounded effect levels (OBEL and LEBEL)
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Statistics in Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0277-6715 .- 1097-0258. ; 21:20, s. 3071-3078
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • From experiments or epidemiological studies designed to search for a particular toxic effect, it is in general possible to determine an upper bound for that effect. This observed bounded effect level (OBEL) is defined for both positive and negative experiments. It is non-zero even for negative experiments, and it is inversely related to the size of the exposed group. The OBEL can be used to determine the linearly extrapolated bounded effect level (LEBEL) for various effect doses. Contrary to no-observed-effect' levels (NOELs), LEBEL values are designed to protect against type 11 (false negative) errors. It is proposed that LEBEL values replace NOELs as a tool for decision-making.
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