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- Eldar, Doron
(författare)
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Negotiating Danish identity with(in) Copenhagen's postcolonial landscape of commemoration
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Historical Geography. - : Elsevier. - 0305-7488 .- 1095-8614. ; 84, s. 37-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper investigates changes to Copenhagen's landscape of commemoration concerning its former colony, the Danish West Indies (DWI), prompted by the 2017 centennial anniversary of the Islands' sale to the US. It argues that Denmark, like other European nations, navigates a postcolonial identity crisis and that the landscape of commemoration plays a significant role within it. The paper advances our understanding of postcolonial Europe's identity crisis not only by shedding light on the under-explored case of Denmark, but also by emphasizing the role of the landscape of commemoration in this crisis. In addition to demonstrating how landscapes function as ‘arenas’ for negotiating expressions of hegemonic identity and territorial claims, it argues that the commemorative landscape is pivotal in tackling the construction of ‘Europe’ as a detached, self-made entity rather than a space (re)produced through connections with other (ed) places and people. It underscores that Europe's allegedly monochromatic historical fabric is woven from diverse global threads. Re-membering Europe with the people and regions vital to its (re)production re-writes them into European history and re-locates detached Europe (with)in the world.
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| 2. |
- Epstein, Seth, Researcher, 1978-
(författare)
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Flat Rat Taxicabs and the Production of Urban Space in Depression-Era Madison, Wisconsin
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Historical Geography. - : Elsevier. - 0305-7488 .- 1095-8614. ; 71, s. 28-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Great Depression prompted a reconsideration of value in urban space. This occurred in the taxi industry when flat rates supplanted metered rates. The arrival of low fare flat rate taxis in Madison, Wisconsin in 1932 quickly led to a threefold increase in the number of cabs and the nearly complete cessation of cabs’ use of taximeters. Similar developments occurred elsewhere in U.S. cities during the 1930s. Earning the same fee for trips that varied in length and distance disrupted the homogeneity and abstraction of space and time which meters provided. The low fare flat rate system held out the promise of affordable transportation to passengers and economic self-sufficiency to drivers. However, despite its standardized rate, the space produced by participants in this system was characterized by unpredict- ability and uncertainty, as drivers sought to maximize their number of trips while minimizing the dis- tance and duration of each trip. The uncertainty generated by these efforts, the lower capital costs associated with the flat rate system, and a rise in customer demand led to a significant increase in taxicabs traveling city streets, which in turn made it more difficult for drivers to make a living. By examining the production of space engendered by the low fare flat rate system, this article demonstrates how the pressures of the Depression deepened the contradictions of capitalist political economy.
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| 3. |
- Fälton, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Historical Boundary Struggles in the Construction of the Non-Human World: : Nature Conservation and Tourism in Swedish National Parks
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Historical Geography. - 0305-7488 .- 1095-8614. ; 86, s. 70-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tourism and conservation policies in Sweden share a significant common history, involving constructions of the non-human world. In this paper, the development of this historical relationship is traced through national park policies and the Swedish Tourist Association's yearbooks, from the late nineteenth century onward. We explore this in theoretical terms of what Nancy Fraser has called ‘boundary struggles’: constantly mutating institutionalized divisions between capitalist production and nature, public governance, and social reproductive activities. Through our analysis, we identify five discursive formations — significant changes in the discursive constructions of the non-human world entailing reconfigurations of boundary struggles. Shifts between notions of sublime and wild nature external to capitalism, as stakes in welfare state accessibility debate, and as tools in the current moment of intensified commodification of the non-human world, confirm the persistence of boundary struggles in capitalist society.
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| 4. |
- Karsvall, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Fenced open-fields in mixed-farming systems : spatial organisation and cooperation in southern Sweden during the seventeenth century
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Historical Geography. - 0305-7488 .- 1095-8614. ; 80, s. 18-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The organisation of fields and fences in agriculture that emerged during the Middle Ages and the early modern period was a complex system that combined individual ownership of and communal practices in arable land, meadows and pastures. It was adapted for small and mid-size family-based farming and was a different way to organise agriculture than the medieval estates (demesnes) and the larger coherent fields of the eighteenth century and onwards. The past decade of research in historical geography and economic history has highlighted the origin of this system, which is often referred to as the open-field system; it was open in the sense that it promoted communal farming of primarily arable land. This pre-modern farming system was, however, in many areas a physically closed landscape – a landscape where fences stood out as significant elements. This article investigates the use of fences in a part of early modern western Sweden. The empirical base is a reconstruction of fence-organisations from detailed large-scale maps dating from the mid-seventeenth century. Using historical maps, this study focuses on the collaboration and interaction among farms and settlements. We argue that the open-field system cannot be fully understood without regard to an in-depth analysis of the fences and the institutions holding the complex collaboration together. The occurrence or absence of fences in relation to open-fields involves several questions: What are the characteristics of the fences in the farming systems known as open-field? What can be said about the spatial distributions and connections between the settlements sharing the same open-field? Can agrarian landscapes where fences were prominent elements be considered open-field? The results show that fences appear to be a key factor in understanding settlement patterns and open-fields in Scandinavian regions. A large number of fences created small fenced open-fields. Moreover, the divisions of the arable plots had less importance in the creation of open-fields, which included arable land, meadows and pastures. Instead, cross-settlement collaborations and arrangements are central for the open-fields in the study region. The regional differences within the open-field system provide an understanding of the preconditions and organisation of mixed farming, which combined small-scale arable land cultivation and large-scale pastures.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Mitchell, Don, Professor, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Making the People's landscape : Landscape ideals, collective labour, and the People's parks (Folkets Parker) movement in Sweden, 1891-present
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Historical Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0305-7488 .- 1095-8614. ; 72, s. 23-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Beginning in the 1890s, workers’ associations and social-democratic activists in Sweden developed a series of People's Parks (Folkets parker) that extended across the length and breadth of the country. By the the mid-twentieth century, nearly every city, town, and village boasted its own People's Park. Built for relaxation and recreation, as well as for political agitation, Folkets parker also represented a significant expropriation and transformation of bourgeois landscape ideals and in the process became places where a new, working class-based folk, or people, could come to be. This paper traces the production of Folkets parker as landscape, focusing on the ways in which working people reworked landscape ideals in order to contest bourgeois constructions of Swedish national identity, while asserting their own power to shape that identity. We argue that working people traded in, and transformed, two landscape ideas – one rooted in bourgeois notions of the rural idyll and the other rooted in an older more specifically Scandinavian tradition of landscape as a shaped space belonging to those who shaped it. But we also show how, as the social-democratic state consolidated its hegemony in the middle-twentieth century, the underlying material basis for shaping the parks as landscape was transformed. Folkets parker became places primarily for recreation and entertainment and their status as shaped spaces that shaped identity faded.
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