| 1. |
- Alling, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Anionic glycerophospholipids in platelets from alcoholics
- 1986
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Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Dependence. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0046 .- 0376-8716. ; 16:4, s. 309-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies on ethanol-exposed animals have revealed changes in anionic phospholipids in brain membranes. The intention of this study was to investigate whether there was a similar effect on man. Assuming platelets to be an adequate model for CNS synaptosomes, concentration and fatty acid composition of anionic phospholipids, phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylositol (PI) in the platelet membrane from alcoholics after a debauche period were examined and compared to controls. Ethanol effects on neutral lipids were also analysed in order to obtain a comprehensive view. No quantitative difference was found in anionic phospholipids between alcoholics and controls. Fatty acid composition of individual phospholipids revealed significant changes which were more obvious in neutral phospholipids than in anionic. Oleic acid was increased and linoleic and arachidonic acids were decreased. After 1 week of detoxification, the abnormalities did not decrease, on the contrary they increased and total phospholipid concentration per platelet was significantly higher than in controls. It is concluded that the ethanol toxicity on bone marrow hampers the use of platelets as a model for synaptosomes but that the observed lipid abnormalities might play a major role in the impairment of platelet function in alcoholics.
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| 2. |
- Simonsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Ethanol stimulates basal and serotonin-induced formation of [32P]phosphatidic acid in human platelets
- 1989
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Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Dependence. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0046 .- 0376-8716. ; 24:2, s. 169-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The addition of serotonin to preparations of 32P-labelled human platelets resulted in a time- and dose-dependent hydrolysis of [32P]phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and formation of [32P]phosphatidic acid (PA). This response was inhibited by the serotonin2 receptor antagonist ritanserin, indicating that the stimulation was mediated via the serotonin2 receptor. The addition of 50-150 mM of ethanol prior to stimulation with 10(-5) M serotonin resulted in an increased accumulation of [32P]PA, but had no effect on [32P]PIP2. Ethanol stimulated [32P]PA formation at all serotonin concentrations studied (10(-7)-10(-5) M). Furthermore, in the absence of serotonin, ethanol increased basal [32P]PA formation.
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| 3. |
- Sjöberg, Lennart, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Alcoholics' beliefs about abuse: causes, effects and treatment.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Drug and alcohol dependence. - 0376-8716. ; 20:1, s. 63-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The beliefs that problem drinkers hold about the causes of abuse, effects of alcohol, and methods of treatment were investigated. The drinkers' beliefs about their own abuse as well as their beliefs about other abusers were both studied. It was found that own abuse was mostly explained by internal factors (drinking to reduce distress or to achieve an elated mood) while external factors (e.g. unemployment) were more often referred to as explanations of the abuse by other persons. Alcohol abuse as an illness was a frequently endorsed concept, while explanations in terms of social or macro level factors were rarely accepted. Females tended to accept more explanations of abuse than males. Many of the problem drinkers tended to see very few explanations for their own abuse and to be quite skeptical about treatment. Factor analysis resulted in three factors: acceptance of reasons for abuse, perceived dependence and experienced control of drinking. Cluster analysis indicated that about 25% of the problem drinkers had a high level of acceptance, perceived dependence and control. These problem drinkers may be a prime target group for treatment.
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