| 1. |
- Blomqvist, L., et al.
(författare)
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Limited evidence for the use of imaging to detect prostate cancer : a systematic review
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier. - 0720-048X .- 1872-7727. ; 83:9, s. 1601-1606
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of imaging technologies for detecting prostate cancer in patients with elevated PSA-values or suspected findings on clinical examination.Methods: The databases Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, CRD HTA/DARE/NHS EED and EconLit were searched until June 2013. Pre-determined inclusion criteria were used to select full text articles. Risk of bias in individual studies was rated according to QUADAS or AMSTAR. Abstracts and full text articles were assessed independently by two reviewers. The performance of diagnostic imaging was compared with systematic biopsies (reference standard) and sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results: The literature search yielded 5141 abstracts, which were reviewed by two independent reviewers. Of these 4852 were excluded since they did not meet the inclusion criteria. 288 articles were reviewed in full text for quality assessment. Six studies, three using MRI and three using transrectal ultrasound were included. All were rated as high risk of bias. Relevant studies on PET/CT were not identified.Conclusion: Despite clinical use, there is insufficient evidence regarding the accuracy of imaging technologies for detecting cancer in patients with suspected prostate cancer using TRUS guided systematic biopsies as reference standard. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Grankvist, J, et al.
(författare)
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MRI and PET/CT of patients with bone metastases from breast carcinoma
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0720-048X .- 1872-7727. ; 81:1, s. e13-e18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3.0Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was compared with combined 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with suspected bone metastases from breast cancer. A prospective clinical study was performed in 13 female breast cancer patients (mean age 61years; range 45-85 years). The spine was imaged in the sagittal plane with T1-weighted (T1), short tau inversion recovery (STIR), and T2-weighted fat-saturated (T2) sequences. The pelvis was imaged similarly in the coronal plane. Axial DWI was performed from the skull base to the mid-thigh. MRI and PET/CT were performed in all patients at a maximum interval of 10 working days and at least 14 days after chemotherapy. MRI was reviewed by two radiologists, and their consensus on potential metastases in 27 predefined locations was recorded. The predefined locations were the vertebral bodies (24), the left (1) and right (1) pelvic bones, and the sacral bone (1). The PET/CT was reviewed by a radiologists and a nuclear medicine physician. MRI detected 59 of the 60 active metastases found with our gold standard modality PET/CT. T1 had the highest sensitivity (98%) but rather low specificity (77%), but with the addition of STIR and DWI, the specificity increased to 95%. The additional metastases detected with MRI most likely represented postherapeutic residual scars without active tumour. In conclusion, 3.0Tesla MRI with T1, STIR, and DWI is useful for the clinical evaluation of bone metastases from breast cancer and compares well to PET/CT.
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| 3. |
- Hjelmgren, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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A study of plaque vascularization and inflammation using quantitative contrast-enhanced US and PET/CT
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0720-048X .- 1872-7727. ; 83:7, s. 1184-1189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an in vivo methodology to quantify carotid plaque vascularization. Increased metabolism in plaques, measured as FDG uptake in PET/CT examination, has been associated with markers of inflammation in histological samples. In this study, we tested the association between FDG uptake and vascularization measured by CEUS to assess whether CEUS can be used as an in vivo marker of plaque vulnerability. Methods: After informed consent, subjects aged >60 years with carotid plaque height exceeding 2.5 mm were recruited. CEUS was performed and analyzed using earlier described protocol and software, Contrast Quantification Program, which calculates the fraction of the plaque being contrast positive (CQP value). PET/CT examination was performed within 3 months of CEUS (median time 7 days). PET/CT images were acquired 90 min after FDG injection (2.7 MBq/kg). FDG uptake was measured as tissue background index (TBI), calculated using Spearman's rho as mean standard uptake value (SUV) of the plaque divided by mean Shy in the jugular vein (mean of 7 measuring points). Local ethics committee approved the study. Results: We recruited 13 subjects (5 women) with a mean age of 71 years, 6 had a history of stroke or TIA, 1 had a history of ipsilateral stroke. CQP values showed a significant, positive correlation with TBI of carotid plaques, r= 0.67, p <0.02. Conclusions: Plaque vascularization measured by CEUS correlates positively with FDG uptake measured by PET/CT in humans. This indicates an association between vascularization and inflammation and/or hypoxia, supporting the use of CEUS as a non-invasive method to detect plaque vulnerability. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Krause, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasonography findings and tumour quantification in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0720-048X .- 1872-7727. ; 81:4, s. 648-651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a disease with various clinical presentations and the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) is under investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify the most common US finding in PMP and to investigate US sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in quantifying tumour burden in different abdomino-pelvic regions in PMP patients. Between February 2006 and December 2008, 54 patients were treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) due to PMP. The results from preoperative US examination with and without intravenously administrated contrast (SonoVue) were compared to surgical findings. The mean US peritoneal cancer index (PCI) was 6 (range 0-25) and the surgical PCI was 18 (range 3-27) p<0.0001. The histo-pathological subtypes did not influence the US findings. Ascites, bowel loops adhesions and omental cake were mostly visualised correctly by US. The sensitivity of US in quantification of tumour nodules was 91.5% (range 74-100%) and specificity was 33.8% (range 18-55%). The positive predictive value of US examination in PMP was 22% (range 11-44%) and the negative predictive value was 93% (range 77-100%). US can detect the most common PMP findings (ascites and omental cake). The sensitivity of US to quantify PMP tumour burden in different abdominio-pelvic region was relatively high, however, this imaging tool had low specificity.
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| 6. |
- Lofthag-Hansen, Sara, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of subjective image quality in relation to diagnostic task for cone beam computed tomography with different fields of view.
- 2011
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Ingår i: European journal of radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7727 .- 0720-048X. ; 80:2, s. 483-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To evaluate subjective image quality for two diagnostic tasks, periapical diagnosis and implant planning, for cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using different exposure parameters and fields of view (FOVs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Examinations were performed in posterior part of the jaws on a skull phantom with 3D Accuitomo (FOV 3cm×4cm) and 3D Accuitomo FPD (FOVs 4cm×4cm and 6cm×6cm). All combinations of 60, 65, 70, 75, 80kV and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10mA with a rotation of 180° and 360° were used. Dose-area product (DAP) value was determined for each combination. The images were presented, displaying the object in axial, cross-sectional and sagittal views, without scanning data in a random order for each FOV and jaw. Seven observers assessed image quality on a six-point rating scale. RESULTS: Intra-observer agreement was good (κ(w)=0.76) and inter-observer agreement moderate (κ(w)=0.52). Stepwise logistic regression showed kV, mA and diagnostic task to be the most important variables. Periapical diagnosis, regardless jaw, required higher exposure parameters compared to implant planning. Implant planning in the lower jaw required higher exposure parameters compared to upper jaw. Overall ranking of FOVs gave 4cm×4cm, 6cm×6cm followed by 3cm×4cm. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that exposure parameters should be adjusted according to diagnostic task. For this particular CBCT brand a rotation of 180° gave good subjective image quality, hence a substantial dose reduction can be achieved without loss of diagnostic information.
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| 10. |
- Morgan, Alexandra R, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility assessment of using oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating the effect of pharmacological treatment in COPD.
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7727 .- 0720-048X. ; 83:11, s. 2093-2101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) biomarkers have potential value in assessment of COPD, but need further evaluation before treatment-induced changes can be interpreted. The objective was to evaluate how OE-MRI parameters of regional ventilation and oxygen uptake respond to standard pharmacological interventions in COPD, and how the response compares to that of gold standard pulmonary function tests.
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