| 1. |
- Moran, Paul, et al.
(författare)
-
Childhood Intelligence Predicts Hospitalization with Personality Disorder in Adulthood : Evidence from a Population-Based Study in Sweden
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Personality Disorders. - : Guilford Publications Inc. - 0885-579X .- 1943-2763. ; 23:5, s. 535-540
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although low pre-morbid IQ is an established risk factor for severe mental illness, its association with personality disorder (PD) is unclear. We set out to examine whether there is a prospective association between childhood intelligence and PD in adulthood. Using a population-based prospective cohort study, we linked childhood IQ scores to routinely collected hospital discharge records in adulthood. Lower IQ scores were related to higher risk of being hospitalized with a PD across the full range of IQ scores, (odds ratio per one SD increase in IQ was 0.60; 95% CI: 0.49–0.75; p(trend) = 0.001). Adjusting for potential confounding variables had virtually no impact. We conclude that low childhood IQ predicts hospitalization with PD and may be an important factor in the development of PD.
|
|
| 2. |
- Johansson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Linking adult psychopathy with childhood hyperactivity-impulsivity-attention problems and conduct problems through retrospective self-reports
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Personality Disorders. - : Guilford Publications. - 0885-579X. ; 19:1, s. 94-101
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to test whether adult criminals with psychopathy diagnoses, more than those without, have histories of hyperactivity–impulsivity–attention problems (HIA) and conduct problems (CP). We compared psychopathic and nonpsychopathic violent criminal offenders on retrospective reports of conduct problems before the age of 15 and hyperactivity–impulsivity–attention problems before the age of 10. We used a sample of 186 adult men sentenced to prison in Sweden for 4 years or more for violent, nonsexual crimes. The mean age was 30.7(SD = 9.4). The results showed that a combination of childhood HIA problems and CP was typical for adult psychopathic offenders. They were four times more likely than chance to have had a combination of HIA problems and CP during childhood and only one–fifth as likely than chance to have had neither problem. Nonpsychopathic offenders, on the other hand, were five times more likely than chance to have had neither problem and only one-quarter as likely than chance to have had both problems.
|
|
| 3. |
- Johansson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychopathy and intelligence : a second look
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Personality Disorders. - : Guilford Publications. - 0885-579X. ; 19:4, s. 357-369
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Empirical studies using the PCL-R (Hare, 2003) have shown no intelligence differences between psychopaths and nonpsychopaths. However, Cleckley (1976) argued that psychopaths often show superior intelligence. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the correlation between intelligence and severity of criminal development is the opposite in psychopaths than in nonpsychopathic criminals using a sample of 370 men sentenced for violent (nonsexual) crimes. That pattern would provide a way of explaining the discrepancy between Cleckley's view and later empirical work. The results showed that for nonpsychopaths, higher total IQ and particularly verbal intelligence meant a later start in violent crime. For those diagnosed as psychopaths, however, this association was reversed.
|
|
