| 1. |
- Gramming, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between changes in voice pitch and loudness
- 1988
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Ingår i: Journal of Voice. - 0892-1997 .- 1873-4588. ; 2:2, s. 118-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary Changes in mean fundamental frequency accompanying changes in loudness of phonation are analyzed in 9 professional singers, 9 nonsingers, and 10 male and 10 female patients suffering from vocal functional dysfunction. The subjects read discursive texts with noise in earphones, and some also at voluntarily varied vocal loudness. The healthy subjects phonated as softly and as loudly as possible at various fundamental frequencies throughout their pitch ranges, and the resulting mean phonetograms are compared. Mean pitch was found to increase by about half-semitones per decibel sound level. Grossly, the subject groups gave similar results, although the singers changed voice pitch more than the nonsingers. The voice pitch changes may be explained as passive results of changes of subglottal pressure required for the sound level variation.
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| 2. |
- Ternström, Sten, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesizing choir singing
- 1988
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Ingår i: Journal of Voice. - 0892-1997 .- 1873-4588. ; 1:4, s. 332-335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis by synthesis is a method that has been successfully applied in many areas of scientific research. In speech research, it has proven to be an excellent tool for identifying perceptually relevant acoustical properties of sounds. This paper reports on some first attempts at synthesizing choir singing, the aim being to elucidate the importance of factors such as the frequency scatter in the fundamental and the formants. The presentation relies heavily on sound examples.
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