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- Bjällmark, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of hemodialysis on the cardiovascular system: Quantitative analysis using wave intensity wall analysis and tissue velocity imaging
- 2010
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Ingår i: Heart and Vessels. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0910-8327 .- 1615-2573.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in cardiovascular function induced by a single session of hemodialysis (HD) by the analysis of cardiovascular dynamics using wave intensity wall analysis (WIWA) and of systolic and diastolic myocardial function using tissue velocity imaging (TVI). Grey-scale cine loops of the left common carotid artery, conventional echocardiography and TVI images of the left ventricle were acquired before and after HD in 45 patients (17 women, mean age 54) with ESRD. The WIWA indexes, W1 preload-adjusted W1, W2 and preload-adjusted W2, and the TVI variables, isovolumic contraction velocity (IVCV), isovolumic contraction time (IVCT), peak systolic velocity (PSV), displacement, isovolumic relaxation velocity (IVRV), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), peak early diastolic velocity (E’) and peak late diastolic velocity (A’), were compared before and after HD. The WIWA measurements showed significant increases in W1 (p < 0.05) and preload-adjusted W1 (p < 0.01) after HD. W2 was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) after HD, whereas the change in preload-adjusted W2 was not significant. Systolic velocities, IVCV (p < 0.001) and PSV (p < 0.01), were increased after HD, whereas the AV-plane displacement were decreased (p < 0.01). For the measured diastolic variables, E’ was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) and IVRT was significantly prolonged (p < 0.05), after HD. A few correlations were found between WIWA and TVI variables. The WIWA and TVI measurements indicate that a single session of HD improves systolic function. The load dependency of the diastolic variables seems to be more pronounced than for the systolic variables. Preload-adjusted wave intensity indexes may contribute in the assessment of true LV contractility and relaxation.
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| 2. |
- Rinnström, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Subtypes of bicuspid aortic valves in coarctation of the aorta
- 2014
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Ingår i: Heart and Vessels. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0910-8327 .- 1615-2573. ; 29:3, s. 354-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs) represent a wide morphologic and functional spectrum. In coarctation of the aorta, BAVs are common, but the proportion of BAV subtypes and their relation to aortic dimensions and development of late valve dysfunction are unknown. Sixty-two cardiovascular magnetic resonance investigations of patients with coarctation of the aorta were reviewed with respect to aortic valve morphology, aortic valve function, and aortic dimensions. BAVs were identified in 45 patients (72.6 %), of which 13 (20.9 %) were type-0 (two commissures), 28 (45.1 %) type-1 (three commissures but fusion of one commissure with a raphe) and 4 (6.5 %) valves were bicuspid but not possible to classify further. Patients with BAVs type-0 had larger dimensions in their sinus of Valsalva (35.5 ± 6.8 vs. 29.7 ± 2.7 mm, p = 0.002), ascending aorta (33.1 ± 6.2 vs. 26.0 ± 4.3 mm, p = 0.005) and sino-tubular junction (29.3 ± 7.4 vs. 24.2 ± 3.5 mm, p = 0.040) compared with tricuspid aortic valves (TAVs). Moderate and severe aortic valve disease was more common in BAV type-0 compared with BAV type-1 (p = 0.030) and TAV (p = 0.016). In a multivariate linear regression model BAV type-0 (p = 0.005), BAV type-1 (p = 0.011), age (p < 0.001), patient height (p = 0.009), and aortic valve disease (p = 0.035) were independently associated with increased diameter of the ascending aorta (R (2) of the model 0.54, p < 0.001). BAV type-0 is relatively common in coarctation of the aorta. Both BAV type-0 and type-1 are associated with increased diameter of the ascending aorta but this association is stronger for BAV type-0. Development of aortic valve disease is more common in BAV type-0 than in BAV type-1. Discrimination between BAV subtypes may potentially provide clinical and prognostic information in patients with coarctation of the aorta.
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