| 1. |
- Linde, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
-
Reduced oxygen affinity contributes to improved oxygen releasing capacityduring erythropoietin treatment of renal anaemia
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 8:6, s. 524-529
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In addition to haemoglobin concentration, haemoglobin oxygen affinity plays a major role in the oxygen releasing capacity of the blood. In this study we have measured oxygen affinity as P50 and calculated the oxygen releasing capacity of blood from 10 haemodialysis patients treated with erythropoietin (rHuEpo). The patients were examined with different assays before start of treatment, after 11 weeks, and after 27 weeks. During the first phase of treatment the oxygen releasing capacity improved because of an increase in the haemoglobin concentration and P50. During the second phase there was a further significant increase in haemoglobin concentration, but due to a decrease in the P50 value the oxygen releasing capacity remained unchanged. Despite an unchanged oxygen releasing capacity and total blood volume, the antihypertensive treatment had to be increased during that phase of treatment. An increase in whole-blood viscosity may explain the increased need of antihypertensive drugs. The increase in P50 during the first phase of rHuEpo treatment can probably be explained by decreased mean age of the erythrocyte population and implies that the beneficial effect is greater than could be concluded from the increase in haemoglobin concentration.
|
|
| 2. |
- Segelmark, Marten, et al.
(författare)
-
Antigen restriction and IgG subclasses among anti-GBM autoantibodies
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 5:12, s. 991-996
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty-seven sera positive for anti-GBM antibodies (antibodies against the ‘Goodpasture antigen’ = NCI-domain of collagen IV) in routine analysis were studied for antigen restriction and IgG subclasses. Four different polypeptides, the four α-chains (α1, α2, α3 and α4) of human collagen IV NCI, were used as coating in ELISA assays. Autoantibodies were detected with monoclonal antibodies towards human IgG subclasses. All patients had antibodies to the α3 chain, and most patients reacted much more to the α3 peptide than to any of the other three peptides. This shows that the NCI domain of the α3 chain of collagen IV is the major target for anti-GBM antibodies. A minor group of patients, 6 of 37, showed no antigen restriction and had only moderate titres. It remains to be studied, however, whether they have antibodies to another epitope and a different clinical picture. All four subclasses of IgG antibodies were present, but IgGl antibodies dominated. A group, consisting of females mainly, had relatively high titres of IgG4 antibodies to the NCI domain of the α3 chain of collagen IV.
|
|
| 3. |
- Segelmark, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Igg subclasses of antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (anca)
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 8:8, s. 696-702
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sera that had been positive in routine ELISA for ANCA were studied retrospectively for the IgG subclass distribution of these autoantibodies. An ELISA previously developed for measurement of IgG sub classes of anti-GBM antibodies was modified for this purpose. Of a total of 247 sera, 114 were found to be positive in at least one of the assays for IgG subclasses of anti proteinase 3, 72 of these patients were men and 42 were women, giving a ratio of 1.8. Also 134 sera were positive in at least one of the IgG subclass assays for antimyeloperoxidase (MPO), with a male/female ratio of 0 97. The ANCA seem to consist mainly of IgGI and IgG4 autoantibodies. Among the anti-MPO group, IgG2 is relatively common and IgG3 is scarce. Contrasting with this, IgG3 is relatively common in the antiproteinase 3 group. In this group high IgG2 titres are rare. Twelve sera were found to be positive for both autoantigens. Clinical data were studied for 44 patients. Prognosis for old patients was found to be poor. Patients with inactive disease were often positive in only one subclass assay, while patients with active disease were positive in two or more subclass assays (P<001).
|
|
| 4. |
- Bendz, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Kidney damage in long-term lithium patients : A cross-sectional study of patients with 15 years or more on lithium
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. - 0931-0509. ; 9:9, s. 1357-1357
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The renal risks associated with long-term lithium treatment are a growing concern. We have therefore studied renal function by means of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and maximum urinary concentrating capacity (Umax) in 142 of 215 patients with more than 15 years of lithium treatment in nine psychiatric clinics. Data on psychiatric and somatic diseases, hospital admissions, cumulative lithium doses, and other psychotropic treatments were extracted from the medical records. The patients were investigated according to a standardized protocol. GFR was measured as51Cr EDTA clearance and Umax using the DDAVP test. Thirteen patients had had signs of lithium intoxication. GFR was reduced in 21% of the patients and Umax in 44%. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was present in 12%. Umax but not GFR was inversely correlated to the cumulative lithium dose. Kidney function was more reduced in patients on lithium combined with psychotropic treatment and/or concomitant treatment for somatic disorders. Thirst was a complaint of 53% of the patients, predominantly those with additional psychotropics. We conclude that kidney damage is common in patients on long-term lithium treatment and that both glomerular and tubular function are affected.
|
|
| 5. |
- Nilsson, Lisbet, et al.
(författare)
-
Renal arteriovenous shunting in rejecting allograft, hydronephrosis, or haemorrhagic hypotension in the rat
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 9:11, s. 1634-1639
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the occurrence of arteriovenous (A-V) shunting in three experimental rat models, namely in rejecting allograft kidney, in uni- or bilateral ureteral obstruction, and in haemorrhagic hypotension. Isografted or sham-operated rats served as controls. Radiolabelled microspheres were injected into the renal artery and the increase in the amount of radioactivity in the lungs was considered to reflect A-V shunting in the kidney. In animals exposed to haemorrhage, with a blood pressure not less than 70% of the initial blood pressure, practically no shunting was seen. When animals were bled to a hypotension beyond the autoregulation, A-V shunting occurred inversely correlated to the degree of hypotension. In ureteral obstruction, a less marked but significant increase in shunting of microspheres to the lungs was found after 24 h of unilateral obstruction, irrespective of whether the spheres were injected into the obstructed or the contralateral kidney. Significant A-V shunting during the allograft rejection process was also demonstrated. Histologically, microspheres were found in afferent arterioles less frequently in kidneys with A-V shunting than in controls. These results indicate that A-V shunting is involved in haemorrhagic hypotension, renal graft rejection, and hydronephrosis. In the latter situation A-V shunting is probably regulated by a humoral factor. © 1994 European Dialysis and Transplant Association-European Renal Association.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
