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- Griffith, May, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial corneas : a regenerative medicine approach
- 2009
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Ingår i: EYE. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-222X .- 1476-5454. ; 23:10, s. 1985-1989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Corneal substitutes are being developed to address the shortage of human donor tissues as well as the current disadvantages in some clinical indications, which include immune rejection. In the past few years, there have been significant developments in bioengineered corneas that are designed to replace part or the full thickness of damaged or diseased corneas that range from keratoprostheses that solely address the replacement of the corneas function, through tissue-engineered hydrogels that permit regeneration of host tissues. We describe examples of corneal substitutes that encourage regeneration of the host tissue. We also contend that it is unlikely that there will be a single "one-size-fits-all corneal substitute for all indications. Instead, there will most likely be a small range of corneal substitutes ranging from prostheses to tissue-engineered matrix substitutes that are tailored to different clusters of clinical indications. The tissue-engineered matrices can either be produced as sterile acellular matrices, or complete with functional cells, ready for implantation.
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- Grönlund, Marita Andersson, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Visual function and ocular features in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, with and without treatment with stimulants.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Eye (London, England). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-222X .- 1476-5454. ; 21:4, s. 494-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To investigate visual function and ocular features in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) and establish whether treatment with stimulants is reflected in functioning of the visual system. METHODS: Detailed ophthalmologic evaluations without and with stimulants were performed in 42 children (37 boys) with AD/HD, mean age 12 years, and compared with a reference group (ref; n=50; mean age 11.9 years; 44 boys). For a comparison between two groups, Mann-Whitney's U-test was used for ordered and continuous variables; for dichotomous variables, Fisher's exact test was used. For paired comparison (with and without treatment), sign test was used. RESULTS: In all, 83% had visual acuity of >0.8 (<0.1 logMAR) without treatment, 90% with stimulants (ref 98%; P=0.032 and n.s., respectively). Heterophoria was found in 29% without, and in 27% with, stimulants (ref 10%; P=0.038 and n.s., respectively) and subnormal stereovision (>60 s of arc) in 26% (ref 6%; P=0.016) without stimulants, and in 27%, with (P=0.014). Abnormal convergence (>6 cm or absent) was noted in 24% (ref 6%; P=0.031) without treatment and in 17%, with (n.s.). Astigmatism (> or =1.0 D) was observed in 24% (ref 6%; P=0.03), and signs of visuoperceptual problems in 21% (ref 2%; P=0.007). We found smaller optic discs (n=8/38) and neuroretinal rim areas (n=7/38) (P<0.0001) and decreased tortuosity of retinal arteries (n=6/34) (P=0.0002) than that of controls. CONCLUSIONS: Children with AD/HD had a high frequency of ophthalmologic findings, which were not significantly improved with stimulants. They presented subtle morphological changes of the optic nerve and retinal vasculature, indicating an early disturbance of the development of these structures.
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- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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On light-induced sneezing
- 2009
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Ingår i: EYE. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-222X .- 1476-5454. ; 23:11, s. 2112-2114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To investigate whether the tickling inside the nose before a light-induced sneeze in susceptible individuals is correlated to a recordable local activity or not. Methods Seven healthy volunteers, three with a history of light-induced sneezing, were stimulated with stroboscopic light or a strong halogen lamp. Recording was done with an evoked potential averaging technique via intranasal electrodes placed in such a way that they substantially reduced the strong electrical response from the retina. Results Despite an adequate light stimulus, no reproducible electrical activity could be recorded from any of the members in any experiment. Conclusion Light-induced sneezing is presumably a central phenomenon. The electrical activity travels through the optic pathways straight to the trigeminal nucleus and the tickling is a referred sensation. A genetic variation in the distance between the optic pathways (colliculus superior) and the mesencephalic part of the trigeminal nucleus may explain why light-induced sneezing is more common in certain families and races.
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- Martin, Lene
(författare)
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Intraocular pressure before and after visual field examination
- 2007
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Ingår i: Eye (London. 1987). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-222X .- 1476-5454. ; 21:12, s. 1479-1481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of visual field (VF) examinations using modern techniques with short examination times on the intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS: Sixty-one consecutive patients, aged 28-90 years, 40 women and 21 men, were examined. Forty patients were treated for glaucoma and 21 were untreated patients with ocular hypertension or suspected glaucoma. Twenty-one subjects were examined using the Humphrey Field Analyzer, using SITA programs, and 40 with high-pass resolution perimetry (HRP). Goldmann applanation tonometry was performed immediately before and after the VF examinations. RESULTS: A difference in IOP of more than 2 mm Hg before and after the VF examination was observed in 14 of the 61 patients (23%). The maximum change in each direction was 4 mm Hg. The mean differences were not significant. All eight subjects with increasing IOP after VF examinations were examined using the HRP technique (P=0.04). CONCLUSION: Modern VF techniques with short examination time do not seem to significantly influence IOP.
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