| 1. |
- Bignell, Chris J., et al.
(författare)
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2012 European guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of STD and AIDS (London). - : SAGE Publications. - 0956-4624 .- 1758-1052. ; 24:2, s. 85-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gonorrhoea is a major public health concern globally. Of particularly grave concern is that resistance to the extended-spectrum cephalosporins has emerged during the most recent years. This guideline provides recommendations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in Europe. Compared to the outdated 2009 European gonorrhoea guideline, this 2012 European gonorrhoea guideline provides up-to-date guidance on, broader indications for testing and treatment of gonorrhoea; the introduction of dual antimicrobial therapy (ceftriaxone 500 mg and azithromycin 2 g) for uncomplicated gonorrhoea when the antimicrobial sensitivity is unknown; recommendation of test of cure in all gonorrhoea cases to ensure eradication of infection and identify emerging resistance; and recommendations to identify, verify and report failures with recommended treatment regimens. Optimisations of the testing, diagnostics, antimicrobial treatment and follow-up of gonorrhoea patients are crucial in controlling the emergent spread of cephalosporin-resistant and multidrug-resistant gonorrhoea.
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| 2. |
- Blaxhult, A, et al.
(författare)
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Limited spread of hepatitis C among HIV-negative men who have sex with men in Stockholm, Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of STD & AIDS. - : SAGE Publications. - 1758-1052 .- 0956-4624. ; 25:7, s. 493-495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary Reported cases of hepatitis C (HCV) have been increasing among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in many cities worldwide, including Stockholm, Sweden. This study was performed in order to see whether there is also an increase of HCV among HIV-negative MSM. A total number of 1008 MSM attending a clinic for sexually transmitted infections (STI) were screened for HCV. A confirmed positive HCV antibody screening test was found in five cases. Two of these also tested positive for HCV-RNA. We conclude that there is limited spread of HCV among MSM in Stockholm, and the prevalence of HCV among HIV-negative MSM is similar to that found in the general population.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Carré, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Asking about condom use : a key to individualized care when screening for chlamydia
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of STD and AIDS (London). - : Sage Publications. - 0956-4624 .- 1758-1052. ; 22:8, s. 436-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection has been a target for both selective and national screening programmes, and Sweden has an opportunistic approach. A national plan of action states that risk groups should be identified and offered risk reduction counselling. Patients attending a drop-in sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic reception at the University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden, were invited to complete a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms and sexual risk behaviour; all had a CT test taken. A total of 1305 patients were included, 58% men, mean age 27.8 years. CT prevalence was 11%; 51% of those with CT were ≥ 25 years old. Only 5% used a condom during the entire sexual intercourse with their last new/temporary partner. Sexually active inconsistent condom users comprised 62% of the study population and contributed to 81% of the chlamydia infections. Asking whether a condom was used could quickly triage patients into groups with a 'higher risk' (none or inconsistent use of condoms and at least one new/temporary partners), and 'lower risk' (with more consistent condom use, although not always accurate) allowing for individualized care and counselling when screening for chlamydia. Evaluating whether a condom was used throughout the sexual intercourse did not add any useful information.
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| 5. |
- Chiduo, M., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among women attending antenatal clinics in Tanga, north eastern Tanzania
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of STD and AIDS. - : SAGE Publications. - 0956-4624 .- 1758-1052. ; 23:5, s. 325-329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in Tanga, Tanzania. Retrospective data on syphilis and HIV status during 2008-2010 were collected from antenatal clinic (ANC) records. Prospective data were collected from HIV-infected (n = 105) and HIV-uninfected pregnant women (n = 100) attending ANCs between April 2009 and August 2010. Syphilis prevalence showed a declining trend (3.1%, 1.4% and 1.3%), while HIV prevalence was stable (6.1%, 6.4% and 5.4%) during 2008-2010. HIV-infected women had significantly higher prevalence of trichomoniasis (18.8% versus 5.0%; P < 0.003) and candidiasis (16.5% versus 2.0%; P < 0.001) while the higher rate of gonorrhoea (3.5% versus 0%; P = 0.095) was not statistically significant when compared with HIV-uninfected women. There were no statistically significant differences in prevalence of chlamydial infection (0% versus 3.0%; P = 0.156) or syphilis (2.4% versus 3.0%; P = 1) between HIV-infected and uninfected women. Other STIs were common in both HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women.
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| 6. |
- Edlund, M, et al.
(författare)
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The spread of Mycoplasma genitalium among men who have sex with men
- 2012
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Ingår i: International journal of STD & AIDS. - : SAGE Publications. - 1758-1052 .- 0956-4624. ; 23:6, s. 455-456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report two instances of urethral–to–rectal transmission of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in men who have sex with men (MSM) couples. Such clear epidemiological correlation has to our knowledge not been published before. The urethral infections led to clinical symptoms, but the rectal infections did not. The rectum might serve as a reservoir for MG in MSM, but there is also some evidence from the literature that MG can cause proctitis. Our finding raises important questions about the role of MG as a pathogen among MSM. Any correlation with HIV transmission risk is currently unknown and needs further research.
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| 7. |
- Falk, Lars, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Letter: Re: Sampling for Chlamydia trachomatis infection
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of STD and AIDS (London). - : SAGE Publications. - 0956-4624 .- 1758-1052. ; 21:12, s. 847-847
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Falk, Lars, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Sampling for Chlamydia trachomatis infection : a comparison of vaginal, first-catch urine, combined vaginal and first-catch urine and endocervical sampling
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of STD and AIDS (London). - : SAGE Publications. - 0956-4624 .- 1758-1052. ; 21:4, s. 283-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity of patients' self-sampled vaginal specimens, first-catch urine (FCU), combined vaginal/FCU specimens and endocervical specimens for detecting chlamydial infection in women. Women attending sexually transmitted disease clinics, youth clinics and a women's health clinic were enrolled. They self-collected a vaginal specimen with two swabs, which were placed into a sterile tube and into a tube containing a buffer medium, respectively. An FCU sample was collected and aliquoted into both an empty tube and the tube containing the vaginal swab. A clinician collected an endocervical swab. The samples were sent to laboratories for analysis using polymerase chain reaction testing and strand displacement amplification testing, respectively. The sensitivities calculated in all 171 Chlamydia trachomatis-infected women were equal for endocervical specimens (97.1%), vaginal specimens (96.5%) and combined vaginal/FCU specimens (95.3%), whereas the sensitivity for FCU was significantly lower (87.7%). The sensitivity of vaginal specimens for the detection of C. trachomatis is as high as that of combined vaginal/FCU specimens.
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| 9. |
- Gottvall, Maria, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge of human papillomavirus among high school students can be increased by an educational intervention
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of STD and AIDS (London). - : SAGE Publications. - 0956-4624 .- 1758-1052. ; 21:8, s. 558-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention concerning human papillomavirus (HPV) directed at Swedish first year high school students. The intervention consisted of a class room lesson, a website and a folder. Outcome variables were knowledge of HPV and attitudes to preventive methods such as HPV vaccination, condom use and Pap smear testing. An intervention group (n = 92) was matched with two comparison groups (n = 184). At baseline, the median score for HPV knowledge was one out of 10 in both groups. At follow-up, the median knowledge score had increased to six in the intervention group, but was still one in the comparison group (P < 0.001). Attitudes to HPV vaccination, condom use and Pap smear testing remained the same (P > 0.05). In conclusion, a short school-based intervention can greatly increase the students' knowledge about HPV, but attitudes and behaviours are less easy to influence.
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| 10. |
- Khan, MS, et al.
(författare)
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Health-seeking behaviour of women selling sex in Lahore, Pakistan
- 2011
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Ingår i: International journal of STD & AIDS. - : SAGE Publications. - 1758-1052 .- 0956-4624. ; 22:7, s. 376-380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the knowledge and health-seeking behaviour related to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and abortion among women selling sex in Lahore, Pakistan. This was a cross-sectional, community-based, quantitative study. A total of 730 women selling sex were recruited by respondent-driven sampling. A pretested structured questionnaire was administered through face-to-face interviews. The median age of the participants was 30 years. Thirteen percent of the participants said it was common for them to have an abnormal vaginal discharge. Seventy-five percent of the participants recognized STIs as either leucorrhoea or AIDS. Sixty-five percent of the participants complained of having suffered from STI(s) in the six months preceding the survey, of whom 28% sought treatment. Women selling sex who reported consistent condom use were 1.5 times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–2.2) more likely to seek treatment than women who did not report consistent condom use. The level of knowledge about STIs remains low among women selling sex in Lahore, Pakistan, and health-seeking behaviour for the management of STIs and abortions is influenced by ability to pay and ease of access in the private sector.
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