| 1. |
- Gonas, L
(författare)
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Gender segregation and the European Employment Strategy: Levels and divisions
- 2004
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. - : SAGE Publications. - 0959-6801 .- 1461-7129. ; 10:2, s. 139-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Equal opportunities has constituted one of the four pillars of the European Employment Strategy (EES) as approved at the Luxembourg summit in 1997. However, there are tensions between the EES and the imperatives of budgetary restraint (which have caused job losses in public services, where women are disproportionately employed) and between quantitative targets of increasing women’s labour-force participation and qualitative targets of overcoming gender segregation. This article explores these tensions, drawing evidence from comparative European research and the particular experience of Sweden.
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| 2. |
- Malmberg, Jonas, 1962-
(författare)
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Effective Enforcement of EC Labour Law: A Comparative Analysis of Community Law Requirements
- 2004
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Ingår i: European journal of industrial relations. - London : Sage. - 0959-6801 .- 1461-7129. ; 10:2, s. 219-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with the rules designed to enforce European Union labour law in the workplace. Directives do not normally provide specific rules on procedures and sanctions according to which their substantive provisions are to be enforced. Instead, domestic rules are to be applied. The European Court of Justice, however, has developed some requirements that limit the autonomy of the Member States in this area. The aim of this article is to evaluate the principle of effective enforcement in the field of labour law, in the light of actual enforcement procedures in the Member States.
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| 3. |
- Stokke, Torgeir Aarvaag, et al.
(författare)
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Strikes and Collective Bargaining in the Nordic Countries
- 2001
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Ingår i: European journal of industrial relations. - : Sage Publications. - 0959-6801 .- 1461-7129. ; 7:3, s. 245-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses the different strike profiles in the Nordic countries, with particular stress on the role of collective bargaining. First, it compares working days lost during the past couple of decades in a broad sample of European countries. Denmark, Norway and Sweden are identified as belonging to a `middle' group, while Finland is an outlier. Second, it analyses the number of strikes, which shows enormous differences between the Nordic countries. Possible methodological explanations are considered, but mostly rejected; instead, the causes are located in the historical development of collective bargaining, and in details concerning the peace obligation and local bargaining practices. The recent dramatic fall in working days lost in most other European countries is found also in Finland and Sweden, but not in Denmark and Norway. The research emphasizes factors such as unemployment, workplace reforms and local bargaining. The conclusions are also related to previous findings from the comparative analysis of industrial conflict.
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