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- Alexander, F. E.
(författare)
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Rationale for randomised trials of prostate cancer screening
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - 0959-8049. ; 35:2, s. 262-271
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Screening for prostate cancer has been advocated by a number of organisations largely because there is good evidence that administration of the test for prostate specific antigen (PSA) results in the detection of cancers at an early stage. However, the mere fact that a cancer can be detected earlier in its natural history by screening is no guarantee that benefit will follow. Further, screening for prostate cancer can substantially impair the quality of life of those with detected and treated cancer, that would not otherwise have reduced life expectancy. The only established mechanism to evaluate the efficacy of screening is the randomised controlled trial. In this paper we review the trials contributing to our collaboration, the advantages that will flow from them, and the reasons why decisions on the introduction of population-based screening for prostate cancer cannot be made before these trials have come to fruition.
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| 2. |
- Fernö, Mårten, et al.
(författare)
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Urokinase plasminogen activator, a strong independent prognostic factor in breast cancer, analysed in steroid receptor cytosols with a luminometric immunoassay
- 1996
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0852 .- 0959-8049. ; 32a:5, s. 793-801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) is involved in the activation of different proteases which participate in the degradation of extracellular matrix, thereby enhancing the invasive capacity of tumour cells. uPA has been shown to be of prognostic importance in breast cancer. We have analysed uPA with a new luminometric immunoassay (LIA), applicable in cytosol samples routinely used for oestrogen-receptor (ER) and progesterone-receptor (PgR) analyses. At a cut-off value of 0.62 ng uPA/mg protein, 33% (230/688) samples were classified as representing high uPA tumours. High uPA content was found to be associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (median observation time: 42 months), ER and PgR negativity, increased p53 expression, DNA non-diploidy and a high S-phase fraction (SPF), but not with lymph node involvement or tumour size (< or = 20 mm versus > 20 mm). In the subgroup of patients not treated with systemic adjuvant therapy, multivariate analysis showed uPA to be an independent prognostic factor together with lymph node status and SPF. If these results can be reproduced, uPA may be a factor suitable for inclusion in a prognostic index.
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| 3. |
- Kjellén, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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A Phase I/II Evaluation of Metoclopramide as a Radiosensitiser in Patients with Inoperable Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
- 1995
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0852 .- 0959-8049. ; 31:13-14, s. 2196-2202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The feasibility of administering metoclopramide (MCA) as a radiosensitizer has been evaluated in 23 patients with a pathological or cytological diagnosis of a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, clinically evaluated as inoperable. All patients received 40-60 Gy radiotherapy fractionated into 1.8 Gy fractions 5 times per week (Monday-Friday). Two MCA treatment regimens were used: (i) MCA at 2 mg/kg administered by intravenous infusion 1-2 h prior to radiotherapy 3 times per week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday); and (ii) MCA at 1 mg/kg administered by intravenous infusion 1-2 h prior to radiotherapy 5 times per week (Monday-Friday). 11 of the 23 patients treated with radiotherapy and MCA had none to mild pneumonitis or fibrosis and another 8 of the 23 had moderate levels. No patient had their therapy interrupted due to radiation-related side-effects. The MCA-related side-effects were as expected, i.e. 78% of the patients experienced sedation/tiredness and 48% expressed restlessness/anxiety symptoms. Both the total dose and serum levels of MCA were significantly associated to the MCA side-effect profile. Tumour response, duration of tumour response and survival were significantly positively correlated to the total and weekly doses of MCA administered to the patients during their radiotherapy treatment. These favourable phase II data have justified the initiation of a phase II/III randomised multicentred trial being carried out in Europe to evaluate MCA as a radiosensitiser.
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| 7. |
- Axelson, H, et al.
(författare)
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The amino-terminal phosphorylation sites of C-MYC are frequently mutated in Burkitt's lymphoma lines but not in mouse plasmacytomas and rat immunocytomas
- 1995
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049. ; 31A:12, s. 104-2099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sequenced the region encoding the amino-terminal phosphorylation sites of C-MYC in the Ig/MYC translocation-carrying Burkitt lymphomas (BL), mouse plasmacytomas (MPC) and rat immunocytomas (RIC). Mutations affecting the Thr-58 codon or the immediate flanking region were found in seven of the 10 in vitro propagated BL lines. No mutations were found in any of the eight BL biopsies analysed. Germ-line sequences were also found in six in vivo and five in vitro passaged MPCs and in four in vivo transplanted RICs. These findings indicate that mutations in this region do not represent a general phenomena in Ig/MYC translocation-carrying tumours, but may confer growth advantage on BL cells under continuous in vitro propagation.
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