| 1. |
- Aneheim, Emma, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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N-[2-(maleimido)ethyl]-3-(trimethylstannyl)benzamide, a molecule for radiohalogenation of proteins and peptides
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 96, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work a new coupling reagent, N[2-(maleimido)ethyl]-3-(trimethylstannyl)benzamide, for radiohalogenation has been synthesized and characterized. The reagent is intended to either be attached to reduced disulfide bridges of proteins (making the halogenation site-specific) or to free terminal cysteine groups on peptides. The new reagent was also shown to be easily halogenated with inactive bromine and iodine as well as I-125 and At-211, indicating potential use within targeted radiotherapy.
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| 2. |
- Czub, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Biological effects of mixed-ion beams. Part 1 : Effect of irradiation of the CHO-K1 cells with a mixed-ion beam containing the carbon and oxygen ions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 139, s. 304-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon and oxygen ions were accelerated simultaneously to estimate the effect of irradiation of living cells with the two different ions. This mixed ion beam was used to irradiate the CHO-K1 cells, and a survival test was performed. The type of the effect of the mixed ion beam on the cells was determined with the isobologram method, whereby survival curves for irradiations with individual ion beams were also used. An additive effect of irradiation with the two ions was found.
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| 3. |
- Czub, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Biological effects of mixed-ion beams. Part 2 : The relative biological effectiveness of CHO-K1 cells irradiated by mixed- and single-ion beams
- 2019
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 150, s. 192-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values were determined for single- and mixed-ion beams containing carbon and oxygen ions. The CHO-K1 cells were irradiated with beams with the linear energy transfer (LET) values of 236-300 and 461-470 keV/mu m for C-12 and O-16 ions, respectively. The RBE was estimated as a function of dose, survival fraction (SF) and LET. The SF was not affected by varying contributions of the constituent ions to the total mixed dose. The RBE has the same value for single-ion exposures with ions with LET 300 (C-12) and 470 keV/mu m (O-16).
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| 4. |
- Dian, E., et al.
(författare)
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Neutron activation and prompt gamma intensity in Ar/CO2-filled neutron detectors at the European Spallation Source
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 128, s. 275-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monte Carlo simulations using MCNP6.1 were performed to study the effect of neutron activation in Ar/CO2 neutron detector counting gas. A general MCNP model was built and validated with simple analytical calculations. Simulations and calculations agree that only the Ar-40 activation can have a considerable effect. It was shown that neither the prompt gamma intensity from the Ar-40 neutron capture nor the produced Ar-41 activity have an impact in terms of gamma dose rate around the detector and background level.
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| 5. |
- Holmgren, S., et al.
(författare)
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Time optimization of Sr-90 measurements: Sequential measurement of multiple samples during ingrowth of Y-90
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 110, s. 150-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to contribute to a more rapid determination of a series of samples containing Sr-90 by making the Cherenkov measurement of the daughter nuclide Y-90 more time efficient. There are many instances when an optimization of the measurement method might be favorable, such as; situations requiring rapid results in order to make urgent decisions or, on the other hand, to maximize the throughput of samples in a limited available time span. In order to minimize the total analysis time, a mathematical model was developed which calculates the time of ingrowth as well as individual measurement times for n samples in a series. This work is focused on the measurement of Y-90 during ingrowth, after an initial chemical separation of strontium, in which it is assumed that no other radioactive strontium isotopes are present. By using a fixed minimum detectable activity (MDA) and iterating the measurement time for each consecutive sample the total analysis time will be less, compared to using the same measurement time for all samples. It was found that by optimization, the total analysis time for 10 samples can be decreased greatly, from 21 h to 6.5 h, when assuming a MDA of 1 Bq/L and at a background count rate of approximately 0.8 cpm.
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| 6. |
- Kastlander, J., et al.
(författare)
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Uncertainties in calculated correction factors for true coincidence-summing (TCS)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 122, s. 174-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this work was to estimate the uncertainties in Monte Carlo calculated correction factors for true coincidence summing (TCS). In this work TCS-factors and their uncertainties were calculated for 134Cs and then the corrected activities compared to empirical data. The study was carried out using a close-end coaxial p-type detector (Ø80 mm×54.5 mm, 80% relative efficiency) and a cylindrical glass fiber sample (Ø60 mm×14 mm). It was shown that the uncertainty in the calculated correction factor for the primary gamma ray was below 0.5%, which means it will not contribute significantly to the combined uncertainty in an activity measurement for e.g. environmental monitoring.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ramebäck, Henrik, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Uncertainty evaluation in gamma spectrometric measurements: Uncertainty propagation versus Monte Carlo simulation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 142, s. 71-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calculation and reporting of combined measurement uncertainties are important in decision making processes, and a more proper uncertainty estimation can reduce the risk and/or the cost associated with decisions for example after radiological incidents and in free release measurements of radioactive waste. However, sound decisions demand a sound uncertainty estimation. In this work we present the possible consequences when uncertainty propagation is applied to gamma-ray spectrometry measurements involving assumed probability density functions for an efficiency transfer having different metrological quality by comparison with Monte Carlo simulations.
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| 9. |
- Rondahl, Stina Holmgren, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of different methods for measuring 89Sr and 90Sr: Measurement uncertainty for the different methods as a function of the activity ratio
- 2018
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 140, s. 87-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In case of a radiological emergency situation involving e.g. fission of uranium or plutonium, analysis of radioactive strontium will be of importance. The primary radionuclides of interest are90Sr, its progeny90Y and89Sr. A few days following an event,89Sr will be the predominant radioisotope of strontium. Most methods found in the literature are valid and applicable when measuring90Sr, but when samples contain both89Sr/90Sr interference problematics arise. How these interferences are dealt with will have an effect on the uncertainty of the90Sr determination. This work aims at evaluating three measurement approaches, all mentioned in the literature, with respect to the measurement uncertainty when determining90Sr in an emergency preparedness situation and to propose a suitable measurement strategy.
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| 10. |
- Scherzinger, Julius, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of untagged gamma-ray and tagged-neutron yields from 241AmBe and 238PuBe sources
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 127, s. 98-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Untagged gamma-ray and tagged-neutron yields from 241AmBe and 238PuBe mixed-field sources have been measured. Gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements from 1 to 5 MeV were performed in an open environment using a CeBr3 detector and the same experimental conditions for both sources. The shapes of the distributions are very similar and agree well with previous data. Tagged-neutron measurements from 2 to 6 MeV were performed in a shielded environment using a NE-213 liquid-scintillator detector for the neutrons and a YAP(Ce) detector to tag the 4.44 MeV gamma-rays associated with the de-excitation of the first-excited state of 12C. Again, the same experimental conditions were used for both sources. The shapes of these distributions are also very similar and agree well with previous data, each other, and the ISO recommendation. Our 238PuBe source provides approximately 2.6 times more 4.44 MeV gamma-rays and 2.4 times more neutrons over the tagged-neutron energy range, the latter in reasonable agreement with the original full-spectrum source-calibration measurements performed at the time of their acquisition.
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