| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology Specialization and the Magnitude and Quality of Exports
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 17:4, s. 355-375
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines howtechnologyspecialization, measured by citation-weighed patents, affects trade flows. The paper analyzes the relationship between (i)technologyspecializationandexportspecializationacross regions and (ii) thetechnologyspecializationof origin and destination and thequalityofexportflows. We find that theexportspecializationof regions corresponds to theirtechnologyspecialization. Regions with highertechnologyspecializationexportproducts of higherquality, as indicated by higher prices. Moreover,exportflows to destination countries with a hightechnologyspecializationconsist of products of higherqualityin the specifictechnology. The results are consistent with knowledge andtechnologybeing important forexportperformance and with regions with higherspecializationin atechnologybeing better equipped to produce high-qualityproducts. They are also consistent with destinations of highertechnologyspecialization, having a more pronounced demand for products of higherqualityin the sametechnology.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Grönqvist, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Incentives for clinical trials
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Routledge. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 18:5, s. 513-531
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is often argued that drug companies do not wish to carry out post-approval head-to-head clinical trials, since their drugs may be revealed as being no better than existing drugs. However, we show that standard models for vertical differentiation predicts that pharmaceutical companies would in fact benefit from carrying out voluntary post-approval clinical trials: the elimination of quality uncertainty increases expected product differentiation, thereby raising prices for both high-quality and low-quality drugs. It is, however, to the disadvantage of consumers that trials are carried out. By extending the analysis to the case when prices cannot be raised, once the drug has been introduced on the market, we incorporate a prevalent feature of US and European markets. When prices cannot be raised, the entrant drug firm producing the new drug, no longer has incentives to carry out post-approval clinical trials.
|
|
| 5. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
-
Innovation Activities Explained by Firm Attributes and Location
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 17:6, s. 533-522
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, innovation activities of a firm are observed as its R&D spending and participation in three categories of innovation systems. The various factors that can influence a firm’s innovation efforts are divided into, (i) firm location reflecting the regional milieu and (ii) firm attributes such as corporate structure, nature of the knowledge production, type of industry and a set of specific firm characteristics. The study is based on information about 2094 individual firms, which may be non-affiliated or belong to a group (multi-firm enterprise). The empirical analysis applies a novel data set to examine the influence of location versus a vector of firm attributes. Among innovative firms, the location of a firm does not influence neither the R&D intensity nor the frequency of interaction in horizontal and vertical innovation systems, when controlling the skill composition, physical capital intensity, industry, firm size and market extension. The paper contributes to the literature by observing that innovative firms have similar characteristics irrespective of where they are located, although the share of innovative firms differs between regions.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lööf, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
On the relationship between innovation and performance : A sensitivity analysis
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 15:4-5, s. 317-344
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine sensitivity of the estimated relationship between innovation and firm performance. In doing so, we rely on a knowledge production function approach and carry out comparisons in a number of ways. The sensitivity analysis is based on the comparison of a basic econometric model estimated assuming different error structure and using the same data source, an identical model but different data sources, different classifications of firms performance, different classifications of innovation and the two main different subpopulations of the business sector. The analyses are performed in both level and growth-rate dimensions. New findings are reported and previous results are confirmed as well. The study gives indications of what factors cause variations in the estimated effects of interest and the direction of changes.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Gustavsson Tingvall, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Routledge. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 15:2, s. 101-118
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We test whether predictions of the Aghion et al. (Aghion, P., Bloom, N., Blundell, R., Griffith, R. and Howitt, P. (2004) Competition and Innovation: An Inverted U Relationship. NBER Working Paper series, No. 9269.) model are supported by firm-level data. In particular, we analyze if there is an inverted U-shaped relation between competition and R&D. Results show that the inverted U-shaped relation is supported by the Herfindahl index but not by the price cost margin. Using the Herfindahl index, results suggest that breaking up monopolies increases R&D, whereas further increases in competition most likely lead to reduced R&D. Comparing different estimators, we find that time series-based estimators typically result in less clear-cut results, probably driven by a lack of time series variation in measures of competition.
|
|
| 9. |
- Gustavsson Tingvall, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 15:2, s. 101-118
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We test whether predictions of the Aghion et al. (Aghion, P., Bloom, N., Blundell, R., Griffith, R. and Howitt, P. (2004) Competition and Innovation: An Inverted U Relationship. NBER Working Paper series, No. 9269.) model are supported by firm-level data. In particular, we analyze if there is an inverted U-shaped relation between competition and R&D. Results show that the inverted U-shaped relation is supported by the Herfindahl index but not by the price cost margin. Using the Herfindahl index, results suggest that breaking up monopolies increases R&D, whereas further increases in competition most likely lead to reduced R&D. Comparing different estimators, we find that time series-based estimators typically result in less clear-cut results, probably driven by a lack of time series variation in measures of competition.
|
|
