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- Elmerstig, Eva, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Why do young women continue to have sexual intercourse despite pain?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - New York : Elsevier Inc.. - 1054-139X. ; 43:4, s. 357-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Many young women suffer from pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse, and an increasing number of them seek help for their problems. It seems that some young women continue to have sexual intercourse despite pain. However, their motives are unclear. Methods: A total of 16 women, aged 14-20 years, with variable degrees of coital pain were selected at a youth center in a city in southeastern Sweden, to explore why they continued to have sexual intercourse despite pain. The women participated in audiotaped qualitative individual interviews, which were analyzed using the constant comparative method from grounded theory. Results: During the analysis we identified the core category striving to be affirmed in their image of an ideal woman and the categories resignation, sacrifice and feeling guilt. The perceived ideal women had several distinct characteristics, such as willingness to have sexual intercourse, being perceptive of their partner’s sexual needs, and being able to satisfy their partners. Having sexual intercourse per se was considered to be an affirmation of being a normal woman, irrespective of pain or discomfort. Conclusions: These young women’s focus on a constructed ideal explains why they continue to have sexual intercourse despite pain. Greater awareness of these beliefs among gynaecologists, sexologists, and other healthcare professionals involved in the management of young women with coital pain would be beneficial.
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| 2. |
- Emami, Habib, et al.
(författare)
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Mental health of adolescents in Tehran, Iran
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X .- 1879-1972. ; 41:6, s. 571-576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate mental health in Iranian adolescents, particularly in high school students from urban areas. METHOD: A sample of 4599 girls and boys was selected from third year classes from high schools in Tehran by a stratified cluster random sampling method. They were investigated by means of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in a cross-sectional study. Following the recommendations of Goldberg et al, the chosen cut-off point for the differentiation between individuals with and without psychiatric morbidity was a score of 7 because of the high mean score within the population. RESULTS: Of the students, 1270 (19.5%) achieved a GHQ-12 score above the threshold. Significantly more girls (34.1%) than boys (23.7%) had GHQ-12 scores indicating some psychiatric morbidity. On average, the 18-year-old adolescents reported a higher level of mental health problems compared with 17-year-old adolescents in the same school year. CONCLUSION: A considerable proportion of adolescent high school students experience mental disorders, with girls experiencing such disorders more frequently than boys. Periodic mental health surveys in high schools are proposed to identify students in need of counselling or treatment to improve their coping skills and problem-solving abilities.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Maria, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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It takes two: reducing adolescent smoking uptake through sustainable adolescent-adult partnership
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X .- 1879-1972. ; 39:6, s. 880-886
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To assess the effects of a long-term intervention for tobacco use prevention that targets adolescents (Tobacco Free Duo). Methods School-based community intervention combined with repeated cross-sectional surveys over 7 years. The intervention was performed in the County of Västerbotten, Sweden, where survey data were collected in grade seven to nine schools on an annual basis for 7 years. Data for comparison were collected in grade nine on the national level in Sweden. In the intervention area, the annual number of seventh to ninth grade students participating in the study varied between 1300 and 1650. In the reference data, the number of participating ninth grade students approximated 4500 annually. Results A significant decrease of nearly 50% was seen in smoking prevalence in the intervention area. The decrease was evident in grades eight and nine (ages 14–15 years) in both boys and girls. At the start of the intervention, smoking prevalence in grade nine was 16.1% in the intervention area and 23% in the national reference group. Although the prevalence in the national sample remained stable, there was a decrease to 9.0% in the intervention area at the end of the study period. Conclusions These results suggest that the Tobacco Free Duo program contributed to a reduction in adolescent smoking among both boys and girls. Using a multi-faceted intervention that includes adolescent–adult partnership can reduce adolescent smoking uptake, and the intervention has been proven to be sustainable within communities.
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The Authors reply
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X. ; 41:2, s. 214-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Panday, Saadhna, et al.
(författare)
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Nicotine dependence and withdrawal symptoms among occasional smokers
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X .- 1879-1972. ; 40:2, s. 144-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This study describes the levels of nicotine dependence, withdrawal symptoms, depressive mood, and risk behavior reported by male and female weekly and monthly adolescent smokers in South Africa. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 554 grade 9–11 weekly and monthly smokers in the Southern Cape-Karoo Region. Differences between the gender groups and smoking status were analyzed while controlling for demographic characteristics. Results Weekly and monthly smokers were classified as light smokers having smoked 6–10 cigarettes and 0–1 cigarettes a week, respectively. However, they displayed substantial levels of dependence, with 11.6% of weekly smokers classified as highly dependent. Furthermore, 55.9% of weekly smokers and 47.1% of the overall sample experienced more than two withdrawal symptoms. Although dependency levels and withdrawal symptoms were higher among weekly smokers, the levels were not negligible among monthly smokers. Weekly smokers reported higher levels of depressive mood and risk behavior than monthly smokers. Females reported higher levels of dependence, withdrawal symptoms, depressive mood, and lower levels of risk behavior than males. Gender differences were not found on the number of cigarettes smoked in a week. Conclusions This study demonstrates multiple symptoms of dependence among a large sample of adolescent occasional smokers in a multi-ethnic cultural setting. Smoking cessation programs may, therefore, be required to help adolescents quit smoking and possibly consider pharmacotherapy for highly dependent smokers. Prevention programs should also consider providing occasional smokers skills to identify and cope with withdrawal symptoms.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Raty, L.K.A., et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial aspects of health in adolescence : The influence of gender, and general self-concept
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X .- 1879-1972. ; 36:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe age and gender differences in psychosocial aspects of health in adolescents. A further aim was to explore if self-rated behavior problems varied with the adolescents' general self-concept and sense of coherence. Methods: Questionnaires on self-rated psychosocial aspects of health were answered by 282 (n = 282/390) randomly selected adolescents, aged 13-22 years (M 17.9/18.0). The instruments used were "I think I am (ITIA)," "Youth Self Report (YSR)," "Sense of coherence (SOC)," and "Family APGAR." Differences between males and females (cross-individual grouping) were analyzed using nonparametric tests. A cluster analysis was performed using a three-cluster solution to identify and describe profiles (person-centered grouping). Results: Compared with males, adolescent females scored less favorably on self-esteem (ITIA) (p =. 028), reported more behavior problems (YSR) (p =. 000), and showed a lower sense of coherence (SOC) (p =. 003). The differences were most evident in the age group 15-17 years. The three clusters significantly differed from each other regarding how high proportions of problems the adolescents of each profile reported. Conclusions: Compared with male adolescents, adolescent females experienced a poorer psychosocial health in somatic, depressive, and internalizing areas. The result indicated that psychological factors had a major impact on the proportions of problems that the adolescents reported. © 2005 Society for Adolescent Medicine. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Råssjö, Eva-Britta, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of seuxally transmitted infections among adolescents in Kampala, Uganda, and theoretical models for improving syndromic management
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X .- 1879-1972. ; 38:3, s. 213-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To estimate the prevalence of treatable sexually transmitted infections (STI) in adolescents visiting a youth health clinic. To evaluate the algorithm for management of the abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) syndrome recommended in Uganda's national guidelines and compare it with other theoretical flowchart models.METHODS: Sexually experienced adolescents who were visiting an urban youth health clinic in Kampala, Uganda were examined and interviewed (with their consent) about their socio-demographic background, sexual risk factors, and genital symptoms. Samples taken for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoea (NG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) was used with confirming treponema pallidum hem agglutination (TPHA) for syphilis diagnosis. One hundred ninety-nine females and 107 males were examined. Performance of the national algorithm was compared with different theoretical algorithms.RESULTS: Prevalence of CT, NG, TV and syphilis was 4.5%, 9.0%, 8.0%, and 4.0%, respectively, for girls and 4.7%, 5.7%, 0%, and 2.8%, respectively, for boys. We found that 20.6% of the females and 13.2% of the males had at least one STI. The national AVD flow chart had a sensitivity of 61%, a specificity of 38.5% and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 11.6%. All the models had PPV of less than 20% and sensitivity less than 85%. The best performing algorithm using risk and protective factors, rather than symptoms, implicated a sensitivity/specificity and PPV of 82.6%/47% and 17.3%, respectively (p = .012).CONCLUSIONS: An algorithm for management of STI using behavioral and demographic factors in this population demonstrated enhanced sensitivity, specificity, and PPV.
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