| 1. |
- Shev, S, et al.
(författare)
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GBV-C/HGV infection in hepatitis C virus-infected deferred Swedish blood donors
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - 1096-9071 .- 0146-6615. ; 54:2, s. 75-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sera from 62 hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected Swedish blood donors were tested by a nested polymerase chain reaction using primers targeting the 5'-noncoding region of the GB virus-C/hepatitis G (GBV-C/HGV) genome and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that detects antibodies to the envelope protein E2 of GBV-C/HGV (anti-E2). Fourteen (22%) and 21 (34%) of the 62 blood donors were found to be GBV-C/HGV RNA and anti-E2 positive, respectively. None of the blood donors was positive for both GBV-C/HGV RNA and anti-E2. Thus, 35 of 62 (56%) HCV-infected donors had been exposed to GBV-C/HGV infection. At sequencing of the 14 GBV-C/HGV isolates, 12 were identified as subtype 2a and 2 as subtype 2b. One of 7 (14%) donors with mild liver disease such as steatosis and nonspecific reactive hepatitis had been exposed to GBV-C/HGV vs. 34 of 55 (62%) with chronic hepatitis with or without cirrhosis (P = 0.04). All other differences in histology were small between HCV and dual HCV GBV-C/HGV-infected donors. In conclusion, more than half of HCV-infected Swedish blood donors in this study were positive for either GBV-C/HGV RNA or anti-E2. GBV-C/HGV viremia and seropositivity were mutually exclusive.
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| 2. |
- Viazov, S, et al.
(författare)
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Hepatitis C virus genotypes in different regions of the former Soviet Union (Russia, Belarus, Moldova, and Uzbekistan)
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - 1096-9071. ; 53:1, s. 36-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of HCV genotypes in four republics of the former Soviet Union (Russia, Belarus, Moldova, and Uzbekistan) was investigated. Overall, 197 HCV isolates from 66 blood donors and 131 patients with chronic hepatitis were typed. Viral sequences from sera of infected subjects were amplified by nested RT-PCR using primers from the core region and typed by one or two techniques: (1) DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) and (2) PCR with a set of type-specific primers. Only three major HCV genotypes were identified in this study population. HCV 1b was found to be the predominant virus type both among blood donors and chronic hepatitis patients, followed by 3a, 2a, and 1a (chronic hepatitis patients: 1b-82%; 3a-10%; 2a-4%, 1a-5% and 2c-1%; blood donors: 1b-77%; 3a-17%; and 2a-6%). No significant difference in genotype distribution was observed between different countries or between blood donors and chronic hepatitis patients within the same country. Results of the genotyping procedures were confirmed by direct sequencing of 216 nt PCR fragments corresponding to part of HCV core gene. Phylogenetic analysis of HCV 1b sequences from this study and from the Genbank demonstrated that the sequences from the former Soviet Union do not form evolutionary lineage(s) different from those of strains of the same subtype circulating in other geographical regions.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Z, et al.
(författare)
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Human papillomavirus antibody responses among patients with incident cervical carcinoma.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 52:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a major cause of cervical cancer precursor lesions. HPV serology is a key method in the continuing elucidation of the importance of HPV exposure for cancer development and in predicting HPV-associated diseases. To extend previous HPV serological studies on cervical cancer, serum samples from a consecutive series of 216 women with incident untreated cervical carcinoma and 243 age- and sex-matched healthy blood donors were evaluated for the presence of antibodies against HPV capsids, a marker of past or present HPV exposure, as well as against several cervical cancer-associated defined HPV epitopes. Among the capsid antibody responses, HPV type 16 seropositivity had the strongest association with cervical cancer (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.8-4.2), but HPV 18 and HPV 33 seropositivities were also significantly associated with cervical cancer (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.5; and OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.2, respectively). The antibody responses against the defined HPV epitopes were confirmed to be associated with cervical cancer, at ORs ranging from 1.4 to 2.0. In conclusion, the study confirms that antibodies against defined HPV epitopes are associated with cervical cancer and provides evidence that seropositivities for HPV types 16, 18, and 33 are associated with cervical cancer risk.
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| 4. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Dawson, George J., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence studies of GB virus-C infection using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - 1096-9071. ; 50:1, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among the three recently described GB viruses (GBV-A, GBV-B, and GBV-C), only GBV-C has been linked to cryptogenic hepatitis in man. Because of the limited utility of currently available research tests to determine antibody response to GBV-C proteins, the prevalence of GBV-C RNA in human sera was studied using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence of GBV-C is higher among volunteer blood donors with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (3.9%) than among volunteer blood donors with normal ALT levels (0.8%). Higher rates were also noted among commercial blood donors (12.9%) and intravenous drug users (16.0%). GBV-C was frequently detected in residents of West Africa, where the prevalence was > 10% in most age groups. Approximately 20% of patients diagnosed with either acute or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) were found to be positive for GBV-C RNA. In addition, GBV-C RNA sequences were detected in individuals diagnosed with non-A-E hepatitis, with clinical courses ranging from mild disease to fulminant hepatitis. Fourteen of sixteen subjects with or without clinically apparent hepatitis were positive for GBV-C RNA more than 1 year after the initial positive result.
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| 8. |
- Elgh, Fredrik, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the kinetics of Puumala virus specific IgM and IgG antibody responses in nephropathia epidemica as measured by a recombinant antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and an immunofluorescence test.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 45:2, s. 146-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunoglobulin M and G (IgM and IgG) responses were followed up to 6 months in patients with nephropathia epidemica (NE) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a recombinant Puumala virus (PUU) nucleocapsid protein as antigen and an immunofluorescence test (IF) using PUU infected, acetone-treated cells as antigen. The recombinant protein was produced by cloning and expressing the nucleocapsid encoding gene of PUU as a polyhistidine fusion protein in Escherichia coli. The product was purified over a metal chelating ion affinity column. On admission, all 17 patients had an IgM response by both methods. The IgM titers decreased significantly by both methods 3 months after onset (ELISA P < 0.05 and IF P < 0.05). Four of six still had detectable IgM, however at low levels, after 6 months. Presence of specific IgG differed significantly on admission between the two methods: by ELISA 8 of 17 had detectable specific IgG, whereas by IF 15 of 17 had specific IgG (P < 0.02). There were 10 significant titer rises between acute and convalescent serum samples in the same patients by both methods. It is concluded that the IgG antibody response differs in the early phase of NE as measured by a method using a recombinant PUU nucleocapsid protein and a method using PUU infected acetone-treated cells as antigens. Furthermore, the results suggest that it is of importance to rely on specific IgM for serodiagnosis of NE during the acute phase.
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