| 1. |
- Blackwell, Simon E., et al.
(författare)
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Brightening the Day With Flashes of Positive Mental Imagery : A Case Study of an Individual With Depression
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : WILEY. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 73:5, s. 579-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a case example of an individual with current major depression engaging in a positive mental imagery intervention, specifically a computerized cognitive training paradigm involving repeated practice in generating positive imagery in response to ambiguous scenarios. The patient's reported experience of the intervention suggests the potential of the positive imagery intervention to "brighten" everyday life via promoting involuntary "flashes" of positive mental imagery in situations related to the scenarios, with associated beneficial effects on positive affect, future expectations, and behavior. Enhancing this aspect of the training-i.e., involuntary positive imagery in contexts where it is adaptive-may hold particular promise for reducing anhedonic symptoms of depression. Developing simple computerized interventions to increase the experience of positive mental imagery in everyday life could therefore provide a useful addition to the drive to improve treatment outcomes. (C) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 2. |
- Fjermestad, K. W., et al.
(författare)
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Motivation and treatment credibility predict alliance in cognitive behavioral treatment for youth with anxiety disorders in community clinics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 74:6, s. 793-805
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective We examined whether motivation and treatment credibility predicted alliance in a 10-session cognitive behavioral treatment delivered in community clinics for youth anxiety disorders.Method Ninety-one clinic-referred youths (mean(age)=11.4 years, standard deviation=2.1, range 8-15 years, 49.5% boys) with anxiety disorders-rated treatment motivation at pretreatment and perceived treatment credibility after session 1. Youths and therapists (YT) rated alliance after session 3 (early) and session 7 (late). Hierarchical linear models were applied to examine whether motivation and treatment credibility predicted YT early alliance, YT alliance change, and YT alliance agreement.Results Motivation predicted high early YT alliance, but not YT alliance change or alliance agreement. Youth-rated treatment credibility predicted high early youth alliance and high YT positive alliance change, but not early therapist alliance or alliance agreement. Conclusion Efforts to enhance youth motivation and treatment credibility early in treatment could facilitate the formation of a strong YT alliance.
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| 3. |
- Gottberg, K, et al.
(författare)
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Individual Face-to-Face Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis : A Qualitative Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 72:7, s. 651-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate how people with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience their participation in individual, face-to-face cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) aimed at alleviating depressive symptoms.METHOD: Semistructured interviews with 12 participants were conducted after CBT and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.RESULTS: Two main themes emerged: CBT as a demanding process and confronting everyday life after CBT with self-knowledge and well-being. The participants had gained strategies for handling feelings of depression and anxiety. The therapist was considered important for guiding them through the demanding therapy.CONCLUSION: It is important to inform the participants of what CBT entails so that they are mentally prepared for the demanding process and can make the necessary adjustments in their daily life. Knowledge of MS among the therapists as well as collaboration with the multidisciplinary MS care may facilitate participation in CBT.
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| 4. |
- Graham-Bermann, Sandra A., et al.
(författare)
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Adults’ Explanations for Intimate Partner Violence During Childhood and Associated Effects
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 73:6, s. 652-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) is known to challenge children’s optimal development. This study sought to associate participants’ beliefs about IPV held during childhood with their adjustment as adults, and to compare their beliefs from childhood to their beliefs in early adulthood.Method: A nationally representative sample of 703 Swedish young adults reported on their past and present beliefs about the causes of their parents’ IPV. Standardized measures assessed their mental health (anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress symptoms) and the quality of their relationships as adults.Results: The most common explanations for IPV were that the perpetrator suffered from physical or mental illness, had relationship problems, or was distressed. Participants were less likely to blame themselves for IPV or to believe that the perpetrator was cruel when they were adults, compared to their reports of themselves as children. Women were more likely to attribute mental or physical illness as the cause of the perpetrator’s IPV. Childhood beliefs that the perpetrator was debilitated (from mental illness or substance abuse) and cruel (took pleasure in violence and/or despised the child) were associated with greater mental health problems and poorer relationship quality in adulthood.Conclusion: Evaluation of children’s harmful beliefs about IPV could be useful in adapting intervention services aimed at ameliorating negative personal causal attributions.
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| 5. |
- Holmqvist Larsson, Mattias, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The Alliance and Rupture Observation Scale (AROS) : Development and validation of an alliance and rupture measure for repeated observations within psychotherapy sessions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 75:3, s. 404-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to test a new observer-rated instrument, the Alliance and Rupture Observation Scale (AROS). It was designed for repeated measurements of the alliance within sessions and to detect alliance ruptures.Method: Videotaped therapy sessions with depressed adults were analyzed. Reliability was mainly assessed as inter-rater reliability. Convergent, predictive, and discriminant validity of the AROS was assessed by comparing the instrument with both observer-rated and patient-rated measures.Results: The AROS exhibited excellent inter-rater reliability. Alliance levels measured with the AROS predicted patients’ ratings of the alliance in the same session and were highly correlated with another observer-rated alliance measure. Alliance patterns (rupture; repair; and no-rupture) based on AROS scores were significantly correlated with patients’ ratings of the alliance.Conclusions: Preliminary support for convergent and predictive validity was found. It is yet to be determined whether AROS scores are related to psychotherapy outcomes.
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| 6. |
- Ivanov, Volen Z., et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing group cognitive-behavioral therapy for hoarding disorder with between-session Internet-based clinician support : A feasibility study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 74:7, s. 1092-1105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Hoarding disorder (HD) is difficult to treat. In an effort to increase efficacy and engagement in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), we developed and evaluated a novel intervention comprising group CBT combined with between-session Internet-based clinician support for people with HD.Method Twenty participants with HD received group CBT combined with an Internet-support system enabling therapist-participant communication between group sessions.Results The treatment was associated with a significant reduction on the Saving InventoryRevised (SI-R) and a large effect size (Cohen's d=1.57) was found at posttreatment. Treatment gains were maintained at the 3-month follow-up. Group attendance was high and no participants dropped out from treatment prematurely. Between-session motivational support from the therapist was most frequently mentioned as the main strength of the system.Conclusion The results of this study support adding Internet-based clinician support to group CBT for HD to increase treatment adherence and, potentially, improve the overall efficacy of CBT.
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| 7. |
- Nygren, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based treatment of depressive symptoms in a Kurdish population : A randomized controlled trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 75:6, s. 985-998
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Kurdish immigrants in Sweden have a doubled risk of mental health problems, and refugee and immigrant populations underutilize mental health services. The present study investigated the efficacy of culturally adapted guided internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) for depressive symptoms in a Kurdish population.Method: We included 50 individuals who were randomized to either an 8-week treatment or a wait-list. The Beck Depression Inventory-II was the primary outcome measure, and measures of anxiety and insomnia were secondary outcomes.Results: Depressive symptoms were significantly reduced (intention-to-treat analysis) in the treatment group, with a between-group effect size at posttreatment of Cohen's d = 1.27. Moderate to large between-group effects were also observed on all secondary outcome measures. Treatment effects were sustained at 11-month follow-up.Conclusion: The results provide preliminary support for culturally adapted ICBT as a complement to other treatment formats for treating symptoms of depression in a Kurdish population.
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| 8. |
- Wallin, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Self-stigma and the intention to seek psychological help online compared to face-to-face
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 74:7, s. 1207-1218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the impact of helpseeking self-stigma on the preference and intention to seek psychologicaltreatment delivered online compared to face-to-face.Design: This study uses survey data from two Swedish samples.Sample 1 consists of 267 students (78.7% women) with a mean ageof 24.5 (SD = 6.1). Sample 2 consists of 195 primary care patients(56.9% women) with a mean age of 45.3 (SD = 17.7).Results: The number of participants who preferred online treatmentwas higher if seeking psychological help for a perceived stigmatized problem compared to mental health problems in general. The oddsratios for choosing treatment online over face-to-face were 6.41,95% CI [4.05, 10.14] in Sample 1 and 11.19, 95% CI [5.29, 23.67]in Sample 2. In addition, findings suggest that higher levels of helpseeking self-stigma predicted higher intention to seek treatmentonline compared to face-to-face.Conclusions: Our results suggest that online interventions may facilitatehelp-seeking among individuals deterred by stigma.
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