| 1. |
- Bekris, LM, et al.
(författare)
-
Glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit promoter polymorphisms and associations with type 1 diabetes age-at-onset and GAD65 autoantibody levels.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. ; 115:4, s. 221-228
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) promoter polymorphisms are susceptibility factors for type 1 diabetes (T1D), T1D age-at-onset and T1D autoantibodies. T1D patients and control subjects from the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry and the Swedish Diabetes Incidence Study registry were genotyped for two GCLC promoter polymorphisms; the GCLC -129 C to T single nucleotide polymorphism (GCLC -129 SNP) and the GCLC GAG trinucleotide repeat polymorphism (GCLC TNR). Glutamate decarboxylase antibody (GAD65Ab) positive T1D patients with the GCLC -129 SNP C/T genotype have increased GAD65Ab levels (p-value, <0.05) compared to the GCLC -129 SNP C/C genotype. T1D patients with an age-at-onset of 14-35 years who possess the GCLC -129 SNP T/T genotype have a higher GAD65Ab index than T1D patients with the GCLC -129 SNP C/C genotype (p-value <0.05). In addition, T1D patients with an age-at-onset of 14-35 years possess the GCLC TNR 7/8 genotype at a lower frequency than the control subjects (OR, 0.33, 95% CI, 0.13-0.82). The GCLC -129 SNP and GCLC TNR appear to be in linkage disequilibrium (p-value<0.0001). These results suggest that GCLC promoter polymorphisms may influence GAD65Ab levels and may influence the age at which T1D is diagnosed.
|
|
| 2. |
- Dammann, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Frequent promoter methylation of tumor-related genes in sporadic and men2-associated pheochromocytomas
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0947-7349 .- 1439-3646. ; 113:1, s. 1-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypermethylation of CpG island promoters is associated with transcriptional inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in neoplasia. Inactivation of p16 and Pten was related to the development of pheochromocytomas. In this report, we investigated the methylation status of the p16INK4a cell cycle inhibitor gene and other prominent tumor-related genes ( PTEN, RASSF1 A, CDH1, MSH2, MLH1, VHL, and TIMP3) in sporadic and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) pheochromocytomas by methylation-specific PCR. Hypermethylation was detected in 48 % of pheochromocytomas for RASSF1 A, 24 % for p16, 36 % for MSH2, 16 % for CDH1, and 8 % for PTEN. No VHL, MLH1, and TIMP3 methylation was observed. Interestingly, the frequency of p16 inactivation in familial tumors was higher (5 out of 12, 42 %) than in sporadic tumors (1 out of 13, 8 %; p = 0.047) and RASSF1 A inactivation was more common in the hereditary tumors (58 %) compared to the sporadic tumors (38 %). Combined methylation of RASSF1 A and p16 was found only in MEN2-related pheochromocytomas. Thus, a subset of hereditary pheochromocytomas displays preferential methylation of p16 and RASSF1 A.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Ligthelm, R. J., et al.
(författare)
-
Biphasic insulin aspart given thrice daily is as efficacious as a basal-bolus insulin regimen with four daily injections: A randomised open-label parallel group four months comparison in patients with type 2 diabetes
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1439-3646 .- 0947-7349. ; 114:9, s. 511-519
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To show that a thrice daily meal-time biphasic insulin aspart (BIAsp) treatment regimen is as efficacious as a 4 times daily basal-bolus regimen with human isophane insulin (NPH) and insulin aspart (IAsp). Methods: A multinational, randomised, open-label parallel-group trial in 394 patients with type 2 diabetes on a once or twice daily insulin regimen. Patients were randomised 1:1 to BIAsp or IAsp+NPH for 16 weeks. The BIAsp group was treated according to individual needs using BMI as a surrogate index of insulin resistance. Subjects administered BIAsp 70 (BMI < 30 kg/m(2)) or BIAsp 50 (BMI > 30 kg/m(2)) with breakfast and lunch and BIAsp 30 with dinner. The IAsp + NPH group injected IAsp at meals and NPH at bedtime as basal insulin. HbA(lc) levels after 16 weeks were compared between treatments using a predefined non-inferiority criterion of 0.4%. The incidence of BIAsp was non-inferior to that obtained by the IAsp+NPH (intention to treat [ITT]) population: diff, HbA(lc)-0.05%; 95% CI (-0.24; 0.14); per protocol (PP) population: diff, HbA(lc)-0.03%; 95% CI (-0.23; 0.16). Similar improvements in glycaemic control in both groups were confirmed by self-measured 8-point plasma glucose (PG) profiles, average and fasting PG concentrations, and average prandial PG increments. The incidence of adverse events and hypoglycaemic episodes was similar in the two treatment groups. Conclusions: A thrice daily meal-time BIAsp regimen is a suitable alternative to an intensified insulin regimen in people with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, and requires fewer daily injections than a basal-bolus therapy without compromising efficacy and safety.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Åkesson, Lina, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased Lipid Oxidation Heralds Diabetes Onset in DR.lyp/lyp Rats.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1439-3646 .- 0947-7349. ; 116, s. 475-480
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The BB rat model of type 1 diabetes exhibits altered body weight gain and body temperature regulation prior to hyperglycemia onset, implying the existence of as yet unidentified biomarkers of autoimmune processes that destroy pancreatic beta cells. To investigate this hypothesis, we compared the metabolic profile of diabetes-resistant DR.lyp/+ rats and their diabetes-prone, congenic DR.lyp/lyp littermates in the days leading up to diabetes onset. METHODS: Except for the Gimap5 mutation on chromosome 4, congenic DR.lyp/lyp rats are genetically identical to DR.lyp/+ littermates. They invariably develop hyperglycemia at 46-81 days of age, whereas DR.lyp/+ rats do not develop diabetes. In addition to daily food intake and body weight, indirect calorimetry was performed continuously on male DR.lyp/lyp and DR.lyp/+ rats (n=6/group) for 6-18 days to measure locomotor activity, VO (2), VCO (2) and RQ. RESULTS: DR.lyp/lyp rats exhibited a progressive decrease of RQ compared to DR.lyp/+ rats 0.005+/-0.001 units/day (p<0.005). Limiting the analysis to the six days prior to diabetes onset revealed a larger decrease of 0.007+/-0.002 units/day (p<0.001) in DR.lyp/lyp animals, whereas RQ of the DR.lyp/+ rats remained unchanged. This metabolic change occurred prior to hyperglycemia onset and was not associated with changes of any other parameter. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes onset in DR.lyp/lyp rats is heralded by a progressive shift towards lipid oxidation relative to carbohydrate metabolism.
|
|
