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- Beaven, Christopher, 1977-
(författare)
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Development and validation of a sensitive immunoassay for the skeletal muscle isoform of creatine kinase
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. - 1440-2440 .- 1878-1861. ; 369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Creatine kinase (CK) is a marker of muscle damage and pathology present as multiple tissue-specific circulating isoforms. CK is often measured using enzyme activity assays that are unable to distinguish these isoforms. We have developed an immunoassay specific for the MM isoform of CK, found predominantly in skeletal muscle, which uses very small volumes of plasma (1–2μL). A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for CK-MM was developed using isoform-specific antibodies. Cross-reactivity with CK-BB and MB isoforms was also assessed. The ELISA was validated using plasma samples from a group of athletes, and the measured CK-MM concentrations were correlated with CK enzyme activity assays measured by a contractor using the same samples.The CK-MM ELISA has a limit of detection of 0.02ng/mL, an IC50 of 2.3ng/mL, and 5.8% cross-reactivity with CK-MB. CK-MM concentrations measured using this assay correlate well (p<0.0001, Spearman r=0.89) with enzyme activity assays.The CK-MM-specific ELISA can be used to help assess skeletal muscle damage independent of enzyme activity or interference from other CK isoforms, leading to more precise studies of muscle biology.
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| 3. |
- Hébert-Losier, Kim, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Raising the standards of the calf-raise test : a systematic review.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of science and medicine in sport / Sports Medicine Australia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-1861 .- 1440-2440. ; 12:6, s. 594-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The calf-raise test is used by clinicians and researchers in sports medicine to assess properties of the calf muscle-tendon unit. The test generally involves repetitive concentric-eccentric muscle action of the plantar-flexors in unipedal stance and is quantified by the number of raises performed. Although the calf-raise test appears to have acceptable reliability and face validity, and is commonly used for medical assessment and rehabilitation of injuries, no universally acceptable test parameters have been published to date. A systematic review of the existing literature was conducted to investigate the consistency as well as universal acceptance of the evaluation purposes, test parameters, outcome measurements and psychometric properties of the calf-raise test. Nine electronic databases were searched during the period May 30th to September 21st 2008. Forty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria and were quality assessed. Information on study characteristics and calf-raise test parameters, as well as quantitative data, were extracted; tabulated; and statistically analysed. The average quality score of the reviewed articles was 70.4+/-12.2% (range 44-90%). Articles provided various test parameters; however, a consensus was not ascertained. Key testing parameters varied, were often unstated, and few studies reported reliability or validity values, including sensitivity and specificity. No definitive normative values could be established and the utility of the test in subjects with pathologies remained unclear. Although adapted for use in several disciplines and traditionally recommended for clinical assessment, there is no uniform description of the calf-raise test in the literature. Further investigation is recommended to ensure consistent use and interpretation of the test by researchers and clinicians.
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