| 1. |
- Brennan, Deborah, et al.
(författare)
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The marketisation of care : Rationales and consequences in Nordic and liberal care regimes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 22:4, s. 377-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of markets and market mechanisms to deliver care services is growing in both liberal and social democratic welfare states. This article examines debates and policies concerning the marketisation of eldercare and childcare in Sweden, England and Australia. It shows how market discourses and practices intersect with, reinforce or challenge traditions and existing policies and examines whether care markets deliver user empowerment and greater efficiency. Markets for eldercare and childcare have developed in uneven and context specific ways with varying consequences. Both politics and policy history help to shape market outcomes.
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| 2. |
- Bäckman, Olof, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Escaping Welfare? Social Assistance Dynamics in Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : Sage Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 21:5, s. 486-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article analyses temporal patterns in social assistance receipt in Sweden in the 2000s by looking at which circumstances facilitate versus reduce the possibilities of a person ceasing to be a recipient of social assistance. The analysis is guided by the following questions: What conditions lead people to terminate periods of social assistance receipt? Which factors are central to exits with different subsequent income patterns? How do these explain the different situations of recipients prior to termination? We focus particularly on income maintenance prior to spells of social assistance. We use event history data on monthly social assistance take-up covering the total adult Swedish population for the years 2002–2004. We adopt a gamma mixture model to control for unobserved heterogeneity. The results suggest that previous experience of both employment and social assistance receipt are important determinants for all types of exits from social assistance recipiency. A negative duration dependence is found also when unobserved heterogeneity is controlled for.
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| 3. |
- Duvander, Ann-Zofie, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Family Policy and Fertility : Fathers' and Mothers' Use of Parental Leave and Continued Childbearing in Norway and Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : Sage. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 20:1, s. 45-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the Nordic countries gender equality is an explicit policy goal. For example, Norway and Sweden both offer paid parental leave for approximately one year following childbirth with earnings-related benefits and with certain periods reserved exclusively for the father. In this study, we examine the relationship between fathers’ and mothers’ use of parental leave and continued childbearing among couples in Norway and Sweden. The two countries offer largely similar family policies, but differ concerning family policy context. While Sweden has a consistent policy concerning gender relations, Norway has more ambiguous family policies giving incentives both to gender equality and childrearing at home. Our study shows that father’s parental leave use is positively associated with continued childbearing in both Norway and Sweden, for both one- and two-child couples. The association is stronger in Norway. For two-child families a long leave of the mother is positively associated with third birth. It seems as the two-child family is highly compatible with the combination of work and family life, but that in families who choose to have more children the mother often seems to have a weaker work orientation.
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| 4. |
- Duvander, Ann-Zofie, et al.
(författare)
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What are the effects of reforms promoting fathers' parental leave use?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 22:3, s. 319-330
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the introduction of parental leave in Sweden a more gender-equal division of such leave has been targeted. In 1995 one month was reserved for each parent, implying that the month was forfeited if not used by the same parent. A second month was reserved in 2002. In 2008, a gender equality bonus was introduced, meaning that tax credits were given to parents who shared the leave equally. This study investigates the effects of these reforms on parental leave use by means of a difference-in-difference approach with parents of children born just before and just after the introduction of each reform. We use register data from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency, which include all parents residing in Sweden. The results indicate a strong effect on parental leave use resulting from the introduction of the first reserved month, a more modest but clear effect resulting from the second reserved month and, so far, no effect resulting from the gender equality bonus. Possible interpretations of the results are that (1) reserved time may be more effective than an economic bonus, (2) change from low levels of use may be easier and (3) reforms may matter most when they are first introduced.
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| 5. |
- Fredriksson, Mio, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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The trade-off between choice and equity : Swedish policymakers’ arguments when introducing patient choice
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 23:2, s. 192-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How do policymakers deal with the tension between choice and equity in healthcare? An analysis and critical examination of Swedish policymakers' arguments when introducing legislated choice of primary care provider in 2010 shows that even when deciding on a reform with a potentially great impact on distribution of health resources, implications for equity were not systematically addressed. Effects with regards to current patterns of healthcare consumption in the population as well as existing inequalities in health outcomes were not adequately addressed. Neither was the primary are choice reform, which is based on the values of consumerism and individual choice, problematized in relation to current healthcare legislation such as the Health and Medical Services Act. Given that the values of equity and social solidarity have had such a prominent place in Swedish health policy and discourse in past decades, this is a surprising finding. In conclusion, we argue that because inequalities in health constitute one of the main challenges for public health today, the impact of healthcare reforms on equity should receive more attention in policymaking.
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| 6. |
- Grönlund, Anne, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking work-family conflict : dual-earner policies, role conflict and role expansion in Western Europe
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 20:3, s. 179-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to deepen the understanding of work-family conflict and the impact of social policies by integrating the theoretical perspectives of role conflict and role expansion. First, we present a theoretical model identifying different mechanisms through which policy may affect both role conflict and role expansion, with a particular focus on dual-earner policies. Second, we examine some of its implications, using data from the European Social Survey comprising 10,950 employees in 15 countries. In contrast to traditional theories presenting conflict and expansion as mutually exclusive, we find that work—family conflict and experiences of role expansion, measured with indicators of life satisfaction and psychological well being, may go hand in hand. The results also indicate that such a balance is more common in countries with dual-earner policies than in other countries. Women committing as strongly to work as men experience more work-family conflict, but also high levels of well being and satisfaction. The findings largely support our theoretical arguments and imply that future research should examine the conflict-expansion nexus rather than focussing on either of the two. In this context, both gender and policy need to be considered.
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| 7. |
- Jakobsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Do Attitudes toward Gender Equality really Differ between Norway and Sweden?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : Sage Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 20:2, s. 142-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using survey data from Norway and Sweden, we assess people’s attitudes toward gender equality. Previous studies argue that these attitudes are more egalitarian in Sweden than in Norway. Similar to previous research, we find that Swedes are more positive towards gender equality in general. However, we find no differences regarding views on egalitarian sharing of household responsibilities, and Norwegians are actually more supportive of government intervention to increase gender equality. This suggests that the lower support for gender equality in Norway is not as clear-cut as previously thought and that active state intervention to improve gender equality may be even more feasible in Norway than in Sweden.
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| 8. |
- Javornik, Jana
(författare)
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Measuring state de-familialism : contesting post-socialist exceptionalism
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 24:3, s. 240-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article offers a methodology to reveal the latent constructs that underlie policies on parental leave and childcare services. It is constructed to uncover state assumptions about the social organization of childcare and gender roles in a country-comparative perspective. Legislation is central to this analysis, and combinations of policy components take centre stage. An index of state de-familialism is proposed and its analytical potential tested on eight post-socialist European Union (EU) states. Grounded in Leitner's conceptualization of "varieties of familialism", it gauges three policy types: (1) Slovenian and Lithuanian supported de-familialism incentivizes women's continuous employment and active fatherhood; (2) explicit familialism in Hungary, the Czech Republic and Estonia supports familial childcare and reinforces gendered parenting; and (3) implicit familialism in Poland, Slovakia and Latvia leaves parents without public support. These groups share core characteristics with developed welfare state regimes. This methodology has the potential to discredit claims of post-socialist exceptionalism and allows researchers to test new hypotheses.
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| 9. |
- Kauppinen, Timo, et al.
(författare)
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Social background and life-course risks as determinants of social assistance receipt among young adults in Sweden, Norway and Finland
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of European Social Policy. - : Sage Publications. - 0958-9287 .- 1461-7269. ; 24:3, s. 273-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyse the determinants of social assistance receipt among young adults in three Nordic countries, focusing on social-background and life-course events during early adulthood. We ask whether they are related differently to short-term and long-term receipt. Short-term poverty could be more individualized than long-term poverty which can be expected to be more strongly related to social background. We applied generalized ordinal logit modelling to longitudinal register-based data. Both social-background and life-course factors were found to be important, but our results did not confirm the hypothesis of social background predicting mostly long-term receipt and life-course factors predicting mostly short-term receipt. Leaving the parental home early and parental social assistance receipt were important determinants of social assistance receipt, and both factors predicted longer duration of receipt as well. We found some differences between the countries, which may be related to differences in youth unemployment and social welfare systems.
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| 10. |
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