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| 2. |
- Chandolias, Konstantinos, et al.
(författare)
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Protective effect of a reverse membrane bioreactor against toluene and naphthalene in anaerobic digestion
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 1470-8744 .- 0885-4513. ; 69:3, s. 1267 -1274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Raw syngas contains tar contaminants including toluene and naphthalene, which inhibit its conversion to methane. Cell encasement in a hydrophilic reverse membrane bioreactor (RMBR) could protect the cells from hydrophobic contaminants. This study aimed to investigate the inhibition of toluene and naphthalene and the effect of using RMBR. In this work, toluene and naphthalene were added at concentrations of 0.5–1.0 and 0.1–0.2 g/L in batch operation. In continuous operation, concentration of 0–6.44 g/L for toluene and 0–1.28 g/L for naphthalene were studied. The results showed that no inhibition was observed in batch operation for toluene and naphthalene at concentrations up to 1 and 0.2 g/L, respectively. In continuous operation of free cell bioreactors (FCBRs), inhibition of toluene and naphthalene started at 2.05 and 0.63 g/L, respectively. When they were present simultaneously, inhibition of toluene and naphthalene occurred at concentrations of 3.14 and 0.63 g/L, respectively. In continuous RMBRs, no inhibition for toluene and less inhibition for naphthalene were observed, resulting in higher methane production from RMBR than that of FCBR. These results indicated that RMBR system gave a better protection effect against inhibitors compared with FCBR.
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| 3. |
- Jantra, Jongjit, et al.
(författare)
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Development of an automated flow-based spectrophotometric immunoassay for continuous detection of zearalenone
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0885-4513 .- 1470-8744. ; 67:3, s. 375-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Considering the widespread contaminations of food products with mycotoxins, it is important to develop, robust, time- and cost-effective detection methods. We developed and optimized an immunoassay using a continuous flow system for the detection of zearalenone (ZEN). The assay was performed in a flow mode using an automated sequential injection system. Time for an assay cycle was 18 Min. Under optimal conditions, the limit for quantification for ZEN was 0.40 µg L−1 with a linear dependency between concentration and signal amplitude between 0.10 and 10 µg L−1. The assay proved to be robust and reliable with 13% relative standard deviation between measurements. By dissociating the antigen–antibody complex using a regeneration solution, we showed 50 times reusability of the immobilized antibodies without affecting the antigen-binding properties.
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| 4. |
- Meghwanshi, Gautam Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Enzymes for pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-4513 .- 1470-8744. ; 67:4, s. 586-601
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enzymes are highly efficient and selective biocatalysts, present in the living beings. They exist in enormous varieties in terms of the types of reactions catalyzed by them for instance oxidation-reduction, group transfers within the molecules or between the molecules, hydrolysis, isomerization, ligation, bond cleavage, and bond formation. Besides, enzyme based catalyses are performed with much higher fidelity, under mild reaction conditions and are highly efficient in terms of number of steps, giving them an edge over their chemical counter parts. The unique characteristics of enzymes makes them highly applicable fora number of chemical transformation reactions in pharmaceutical industries, such as group protection and deprotection, selective acylation and deacylation, selective hydrolysis, deracemization, kinetic resolution of racemic mixtures, esterification, transesterification, and many others. In this review, an overview of the enzymes, their production and their applications in pharmaceutical syntheses and enzyme therapies are presented with diagrams, reaction schemes and table for easy understanding of the readers.
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