| 1. |
- Abbasian, Saeid, et al.
(författare)
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Gender as a determinant of informal capital in the financing of small firms’ start-up : Swedish data
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - Switzerland : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 24:2, s. 249-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research explores the differences in informal capital acquisition between female- and male-owned firms in the start-up stage in Sweden. A binary logistic regression model is used to analyse a sample including 836 female- and 1928 male-owned firms in 2008, providing 47,022 observations. The results indicate that the main explanatory variable, gender, is significant in distinguishing between female- and male-owned firms with regards to the use of informal capital in terms of loans from family members. Thus, female-owned firms tend to rely more on loans from family members than male-owned firms. The findings also indicate that one control variable, namely owners previous experience of starting up a company, negatively influences the use of loans from family members as a financing source in the start-up stage. This study is based on a unique and large sample including many different variables compared with previous research. Knowledge on the differences between Swedish female- and male-owned firms in using informal capital in the start-up stage is limited and ambiguous. The presented results contribute to research into small firm financing by adding insight into the relationships between informal capital acquisition, gender, and other relevant variables.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Female top management in family firms and non-family firms : Evidence from total population data
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 35:3, s. 303-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We exploit information on ownership, management and kinship to study the representation of women in top management teams in Swedish family and non-family firms among domiciled limited liability firms over the years 2004 to 2010. The share of female top managers is analysed across listed and non-listed firms as well as across industries. We then estimate the likelihood that a woman is elected into the top management team in family and non-family firms using a probit regression model where we control for firm- A nd individual-level characteristics, including the gender distribution of the firm and kinship relations to existing board members and firm owners. We find that non-listed family firms are more likely to appoint female top managers, whereas we find no differences among listed firms. Moreover, we find that the gender composition and kinship structures of firms influence the appointment of female top managers.
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| 3. |
- Bernhard, Iréne, 1953-
(författare)
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Editorial
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 29:2, s. 149-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Bernhard, Irene, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Networking and e-government for local development : experiences gained by entrepreneurs in small enterprises in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 29:2, s. 154-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to analyse experiences gained by entrepreneurs in small enterprises located in a region undergoing structural change, focusing on networking and e-government for local development. The study is a further development of a study that focused on how municipalities supported entrepreneurship and destination development. In-depth qualitative interviews were made with twelve entrepreneurs from ten small enterprises. Based on a theoretical discussion of networking, e-government and social media marketing, the results indicate that networks and strategic networking were important in order to develop their enterprises, which also contributed to local development. The importance of initial face-to-face contacts in order to build business relationships in networks was stressed. The use of local e-government was hitherto limited to e-services for public procurement, the use of social media marketing was limited due to lack of time, competence and motivation for most of the entrepreneurs.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Elo, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Transnational intrapreneurship : opportunity development in transnational teams in the Nordic periphery
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 36:1-2, s. 103-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transnational resources of entrepreneurs and employees foster firm's competiveness. Firm competitiveness, especially the knowledge intensive business, is linked to its talent base and embeddedness in international networks providing business opportunities. However, in peripheral regions it is challenging to capitalise on international talent. This single case study describes an enterprise in Northern Sweden, which is strategically employing transnational diaspora resources and foreign STEM-talent as transnational intrapreneurs developing the business. The study contributes to international opportunity development and transnational diaspora research and illustrates how the creation of a transnational work-scape may compensate locational disadvantages and enable access to new opportunities and ideas.
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| 7. |
- Elo, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Transnational intrapreneurship: Opportunity development in transnational teams
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 36:1/2, s. 103-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transnational resources of entrepreneurs and employees foster firm's competiveness. Firm competitiveness, especially the knowledge intensive business, is linked to its talent base and embeddedness in international networks providing business opportunities. However, in peripheral regions it is challenging to capitalise on international talent. This single case study describes an enterprise in Northern Sweden, which is strategically employing transnational diaspora resources and foreign STEM-talent as transnational intrapreneurs developing the business. The study contributes to international opportunity development and transnational diaspora research and illustrates how the creation of a transnational work-scape may compensate locational disadvantages and enable access to new opportunities and ideas.
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| 8. |
- Evansluong, Quang, et al.
(författare)
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The role of family social capital in immigrants’ entrepreneurial opportunity creation processes
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - 1741-8054 .- 1476-1297. ; 36:1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper conducts an inductive case study to build a theory on the role of family in both the host and home countries in immigrant entrepreneurs’ attempts at creating entrepreneurial opportunities. We used the perspectives of the opportunity creation process and family social capital. We relied on data collected from four cases of immigrant entrepreneurs from Lebanon, Syria, Cameroon and Mexico who have established businesses in Sweden. The paper identified three sources of family social capital: family duties, family trust and family support as being relevant for creating opportunities. While family duties triggered the process of forming an entrepreneurial idea, this process was advanced by the existence of family trust. Family support was then the building block for launching an entrepreneurial idea. By identifying these three sources of family social capital we show that families in the host and home countries contribute to immigrant entrepreneurs’ opportunity creation in different ways.
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| 9. |
- Evansluong, Quang, et al.
(författare)
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The role of family social capital in immigrants’ entrepreneurial opportunity creation processes
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 36:1-2, s. 164-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper conducts an inductive case study to build a theory on the role of family in both the host and home countries in immigrant entrepreneurs' attempts at creating entrepreneurial opportunities. We used the perspectives of the opportunity creation process and family social capital. We relied on data collected from four cases of immigrant entrepreneurs from Lebanon, Syria, Cameroon and Mexico who have established businesses in Sweden. The paper identified three sources of family social capital: family duties, family trust and family support as being relevant for creating opportunities. While family duties triggered the process of forming an entrepreneurial idea, this process was advanced by the existence of family trust. Family support was then the building block for launching an entrepreneurial idea. By identifying these three sources of family social capital, we show that families in the host and home countries contribute to immigrant entrepreneurs' opportunity creation.
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| 10. |
- Gaddefors, Johan
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship as a community phenomenon; reconnecting meanings and place
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 28, s. 504-518
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores entrepreneurship as a community phenomenon to establish the roles of entrepreneurship within the social and spatial boundaries of place. During the decade of studying this place through an entrepreneurial lens, we were able to identify processes that might normally be overlooked. One, albeit unusual, entrepreneurial event had worked to trigger these changes. We found a renewed sense of belonging and a stronger sense of place meaning that had revitalised this previously depleted community. Entrepreneurship had worked in and for the community by realigning the meanings and attributes of place. We argue that our novel unit for analysis, entrepreneurship in place, offers a broader, perhaps richer, view of entrepreneurship as a socialised phenomenon.
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