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| 2. |
- Bejerholm, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Profiles of occupational engagement in persons with schizophrenia, POES: Development of a new instrument based on time diaries
- 2006
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1477-6006. ; 69:2, s. 58-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous time-use research suggests that it is highly relevant for an occupational therapist to estimate time use and occupational engagement in order to understand some of the determinants of wellbeing for people with schizophrenia. This article describes the development and the testing of the psychometric properties of an instrument, Profiles of Occupational Engagement in people with Schizophrenia (POES), with the aim of helping to interpret and evaluate time-use diaries and thus providing a systematic description of status regarding occupational engagement. The first part of POES involves completion of time-use diaries and the second part, the assessment, is based on nine items that are rated on a four-point ordinal scale. The time-use diaries of 41 people with schizophrenia and the judgements from 12 occupational therapists were used in the study. A test of content validation involved experts from Sweden and the United Kingdom and resulted in two stages of revisions. The strength of agreement between two raters resulted in a mean weighted kappa of 0.70. Internal consistency was calculated for both raters separately and the alpha coefficients were 0.97 and 0.95. This study provides initial support for the content validity, interrater agreement and internal consistency of POES. Based on the judgements of the occupational therapists in this study, POES seems to have good clinical utility. However, further research on the clinical utility as well as the criterion validity of the construct is warranted.
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| 3. |
- Egilson, Snaefridur, et al.
(författare)
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School participation of pupils with physical and psychosocial limitations : a comparison
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 72:4, s. 144-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several features in the school environment affect pupils with disabilities, serving as either supports or barriers to their school participation. The purpose of this study was to investigate and look for differences in the pupil-environment fit of students with physical and psychosocial limitations, using the School Setting Interview (SSI). The SSI is a client-centred instrument, which focuses on school activities where adjustments need to be made to accommodate pupils with disabilities and to enable their participation. Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed to compare the fit of the two groups and their school environment. The results reveal that, in order to participate actively, both groups of pupils required adjustments to many school settings. Pupils with physical limitations frequently need adjustments, but their needs were met by the schools to a more satisfactory extent than were the needs of pupils with psychosocial limitations. The findings support the usability of the SSI for pupils with various types of limitations. They also stress the importance of eliciting the perspectives of the pupils themselves in order to facilitate the planning and implementation of client-centred occupational therapy interventions in school.
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| 4. |
- Eklund, Mona, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Content validity, discriminant validity and responsiveness of the Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO) instrument : A screening tool for people with mental disorders
- 2008
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : The College of Occupational Therapists. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 71:11, s. 487-495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A screening tool for assessing satisfaction with daily occupations among people with mental illness has been devised - the Swedish version of the Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO) instrument - comprising a satisfaction scale and an activity level scale. The aim was to investigate the SDO for content validity, clinical utility, sensitivity to change and discriminant ability. Nine occupational therapists evaluated the content validity of the SDO. Sensitivity to change was assessed on a sample of 36 clients in psychosocial occupational therapy. Discriminant ability was evaluated by comparing four samples: (1) 103 clients with a diagnosis of severe mental illness, (2) 55 clients attending an outpatient mental health clinic, (3) 36 women with a diagnosis of systemic sclerosis and (4) 40 healthy women. The SDO rendered positive ratings regarding content validity, but some rewording of items was indicated as well as clearer instructions. Both the satisfaction scale and the activity level scale were found to be responsive to change. Discriminant ability was shown in that, in particular, the activity level score distinguished the mentally ill participants from the other samples. The SDO was shown to reflect the targeted phenomenon satisfactorily and to be sensitive enough to detect change following an occupational therapy intervention. However, so far only the Swedish version of the SDO has been studied, but an English version is available whose cross-cultural validity should be examined.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Green, Dido, et al.
(författare)
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Is questionnaire-based screening part of the solution to waiting lists for children with developmental coordination disorder?
- 2005
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 68:1, s. 2-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was undertaken to determine whether questionnaire-based screening could be part of the solution to a long waiting list of referrals for occupational therapy assessment by identifying the requirement for clinical assessments. The performance of two questionnaires - the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) completed by parents and the Checklist of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (C-ABC) completed by teachers - was compared with a more traditional clinical assessment for the identification of DCD in children already referred to occupational therapy. It was found that the parent report was quite reliable in the identification of DCD if no other developmental problem was present. However, there was little benefit to using the teacher report to screen children. Several confounding variables, including an unequal proportion of children with DCD in the sample and the inclusion of children who were younger than the age range of the DCDQ, may have influenced how well the questionnaires performed. Although questionnaires cannot replace a full clinical assessment, the results showed that there may be some value in including the parent report in the identification of DCD.
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| 7. |
- Hedberg-Kristensson, Elizabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Participation in the prescription process of mobility devices - experiences among older patients
- 2006
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1477-6006. ; 69:4, s. 169-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore older patients' experiences of participation in the prescription process of mobility devices. The study was conducted in two Swedish municipalities and was a qualitative study, based on the focus group interview methodology of Merton et al (1990). In order to recruit a sample fulfilling both homogeneity and heterogeneity criteria, occupational therapists and physiotherapists in the municipalities identified potential participants, all aged 65 years or older. Twenty-two patients participated in focus group interviews. Each patient participated once in the seven focus group interviews that were arranged. The participants reported passive participation in the prescription process of mobility devices as the most frequently occurring experience. They also reported non-participation, for example, in discussion about alternative solutions to activity problems. The study concluded that it was necessary to develop a more client-centred approach in community-based rehabilitation, challenging occupational therapists and physiotherapists to encourage patient participation in the prescription process of mobility devices. The study also highlighted the importance of inviting the patient to discuss alternative solutions to activity problems.
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| 8. |
- Nord, Catharina, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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An exploration of communication between clients and professionals in the design of home adaptations.
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : British Association of Occupational Therpists. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 72:5, s. 197-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored communications between the people involved in the design of home adaptations, including clients and carers, occupational therapists, surveyors and builders. The aims were to explore (i) what constituted good communication in this context and (ii) how communication occurred. One London borough was selected as a case study. All participants lived or worked within the borough and had been involved in the adaptation process. Nineteen individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with six clients, four occupational therapists, six grant surveyors and three builders. The findings suggest that the professionals constituted a 'community of practice' (Wenger 1998) within which communication was good. The professionals used plan drawings to support communication between them. However, the study found that client involvement in the design was limited and that plan drawings were not effective tools in communication with them. The clients relied on the occupational therapist to represent their interests in the design process. Occupational therapists' communication with clients on the design of adaptations may be enhanced by the development and use of more sophisticated visualisation tools to replace the plan drawings. This would enable clients to become more engaged in the adaptations process.
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