| 1. |
- Arzy, Shahar, et al.
(författare)
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Neural generators of psychogenic seizures: Evidence from intracranial and extracranial brain recordings
- 2014
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-5069 .- 1525-5050. ; 31, s. 381-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychogenic seizures (PSs) convincingly mimic seizure phenomena but with no underlying epileptic activity. However, not much is known about their neurophysiological basis. We had the rare opportunity to analyze intracranial brain recordings of PSs occurring besides epileptic seizures (ESs), which identified distinct frequency changes over the parietal cortex. For further validation, we applied topographic frequency analysis to two other patients who presented PSs and ESs during long-term monitoring. The analysis revealed a power decrease in the theta band at the posterior parietal cortex in all three patients during PSs but not during ESs. These changes may reflect disturbed self-referential processing associated with some PSs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Feldwisch-Drentrup, Hinnerk, et al.
(författare)
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Anticipating the unobserved: Prediction of subclinical seizures
- 2011
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 1525-5050 .- 1525-5069. ; 22, s. S119-S126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subclinical seizures (SCS) have rarely been considered in the diagnosis and therapy of epilepsy and have not been systematically analyzed in studies on seizure prediction. Here, we investigate whether predictions of subclinical seizures are feasible and how their occurrence may affect the performance of prediction algorithms. Using the European database of long-term recordings of surface and invasive electroencephalography data, we analyzed the data from 21 patients with SCS, including in total 413 clinically manifest seizures (CS) and 3341 SCS. Based on the mean phase coherence we investigated the predictive performance of CS and SCS. The two types of seizures had similar prediction sensitivities. Significant performance was found considerably more often for SCS than for CS, especially for patients with invasive recordings. When analyzing false alarms triggered by predicting CS, a significant number of these false predictions were followed by SCS for 9 of 21 patients. Although currently observed prediction performance may not be deemed sufficient for clinical applications for the majority of the patients, it can be concluded that the prediction of SCS is feasible on a similar level as for CS and allows a prediction of more of the seizures impairing patients, possibly also reducing the number of false alarms that were in fact correct predictions of CS. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThis article is part of a Supplemental Special Issue entitled The Future of Automated Seizure Detection and Prediction.
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| 3. |
- Gauffin, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired language function in generalized epilepsy : Inadequate suppression of the default mode network
- 2013
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 1525-5050 .- 1525-5069. ; 28:1, s. 26-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to study the effect of a potential default mode network (DMN) dysfunction on language performance in epilepsy. Language dysfunction in focal epilepsy has previously been connected to brain damage in language-associated cortical areas. In this work, we studied generalized epilepsy (GE) without focal brain damage to see if the language function was impaired. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate if the DMN was involved. Eleven persons with GE and 28 healthy controls were examined with fMRI during a sentence-reading task. We demonstrated impaired language function, reduced suppression of DMN, and, specifically, an inadequate suppression of activation in the left anterior temporal lobe and the posterior cingulate cortex, as well as an aberrant activation in the right hippocampal formation. Our results highlight the presence of language decline in people with epilepsy of not only focal but also generalized origin.
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| 4. |
- Gauffin, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Living with epilepsy accompanied by cognitive difficulties: Young adults experiences
- 2011
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 1525-5050 .- 1525-5069. ; 22:4, s. 750-758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Epilepsy can sometimes be followed by memory impairment. This can result from the underlying cause of epilepsy or from recurrent seizures, or can be a side effect of antiepileptic drugs or a symptom of another disease such as depression. The aim of the study described here was to explore the experience of living with epilepsy and subjective cognitive decline. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethod: To better understand the deeper meaning of the phenomenon, a qualitative design was chosen. Fourteen adults aged 18-35 took part in focus group interviews. The participants were divided into four groups, two groups of women and two groups of men, and the interviews were conducted according to a semistructured protocol. Transcripts were analyzed in accordance with the content analysis guidelines. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: Four themes emerged: "affecting the whole person," "influencing daily life," "affecting relationships," and "meeting ignorance in society." less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: Cognitive decline has a heavy impact on young adults with intractable epilepsy. In contrast to seizures, the cognitive decline is persistent. The themes reflected different hardships faced by the participants. The consequences of living with epilepsy and cognitive impairment concerned education, employment, social life, self-esteem, and hope for the future. The participants were already using strategies to cope with their cognitive decline, but may benefit from help in developing new strategies to better adjust to their memory problems. Development of more educational programs for both people with epilepsy and their relatives could improve their difficult situations. With help, people can learn to adjust their goals in life and live a fulfilling life despite the disease.
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| 5. |
- Ghanean, Helia, et al.
(författare)
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Self-perception of stigma in persons with epilepsy in Tehran, Iran
- 2013
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-5050 .- 1525-5069. ; 28:2, s. 163-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epilepsy is one of the most stigmatizing medical conditions worldwide. It could be argued that the problem of stigma and discrimination might be different in an Islamic culture. A cross-sectional study of 130 patients with epilepsy was performed using the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) questionnaire that was adapted for epilepsy. The questionnaire contained 29 items on a 4-point scale in addition to an open-ended question about experience of discrimination. An average score above the midpoint (2.5) is suggested to indicate a high level of stigma. Approximately 23.7% of the patients reported a score above the midpoint. Unemployment and low education were significantly associated with a high level of internalized stigma. Although epilepsy can be effectively treated, patients in Tehran still experience much stigma. For this reason, strategies for reducing self-perception of stigma should be included in a treatment plan.(C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Ioannidis, P., et al.
(författare)
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Transient epileptic amnesia in a memory clinic setting. A report of three cases
- 2011
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 1525-5050 .- 1525-5069. ; 20:2, s. 414-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) is a recently described, typically misdiagnosed at presentation, distinctive syndrome, characterized by recurrent, brief attacks of memory loss in middle-aged or elderly people, accompanied by significant interictal memory difficulties. We describe the clinical, neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and neuropsychological characteristics of three patients fulfilling the proposed criteria for TEA, initially referred to our memory clinic for evaluation and treatment of probable dementia. Neuropsychological performance on admission and 6 months after treatment demonstrated a broad range of performance on measures of executive function, lower than expected visuospatial perception, and poor autobiographical memory. TEA should be included in the differential diagnosis of dementia to avoid misdiagnosis and needless medication. It is a benign and treatable condition, yet the associated decline in autobiographical and remote memory despite antiepileptic therapy poses challenges for further research.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Pål G., et al.
(författare)
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Do sleep-deprived EEG recordings reflect spike index as found in full-night EEG recordings?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-5050 .- 1525-5069. ; 19:3, s. 348-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sleep EEGs of many children with neurodevelopmental disorders reveal epileptiform activity. The aim of this study was to compare spike index (SI) in full-night recordings with SI in sleep-deprived EEGs in the morning; EEGs were obtained over 24 hours using ambulatory equipment. Sixteen children between the ages of 7 and 12 years were included in the study. They had to wake up at 3:00 AM and go to sleep again at 7:30 AM. Epileptiform activity was quantified, and SIs of full-night and morning recordings were compared. Two patients did not fall asleep. In one recording there was a technical problem that made calculations impossible. SIs calculated from EEGs obtained during a short nap in the morning were comparable to those calculated from full-night recordings. There seems to be a higher failure rate during morning recordings because of patients not falling asleep.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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