| 1. |
- Ahmed, Mohammad Faisal, et al.
(författare)
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Privacy-Preserving Distributed Beamformer Design Techniques for Correlated Parameter Estimation
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 23:21, s. 26728-26739
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Privacy-preserving distributed beamforming designs are conceived for temporally correlated vector parameter estimation in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless sensor network (WSN). The temporal correlation inherent in the parameter vector is exploited by the rate distortion theory-based bit allocation framework used for the optimal quantization of the sensor measurements. The proposed distributed beamforming designs are derived via fusion of the dual consensus alternating direction method of multiplier (DC-ADMM) technique with a pertinent privacy-preserving framework. This makes it possible for each sensor node (SN) to design its transmit precoders in a distributed fashion, which minimizes the susceptibility of vital information to malicious eavesdropper (Ev) nodes, while simultaneously avoiding the significant communication overhead required by a centralized approach for the transmission of the state information to the fusion center (FC). The Bayesian Cramer-Rao bound (BCRB) is derived for benchmarking the estimation performance of the proposed transmit beamformer and receiver combiner designs, while our simulation results illustrate the performance and explicitly demonstrate the trade-off between the privacy and estimation performance.
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| 2. |
- Akbarzadeh, Saeed, et al.
(författare)
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A Simple Fabrication, Low Noise, Capacitive Tactile Sensor for Use in Inexpensive and Smart Healthcare Systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : IEEE. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 22:9, s. 9069-9077
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tactile sensors are among the most important devices used in industrial and biomedical fields. Sensors' profiles are significantly affected by their structures and material used. This article presents a robust, low-cost, low noise, accurate and simple fabrication capacitive tactile sensor as a single taxel fabricated on foam. This highly scalable design provides excellent noise immunity, accuracy, and due to a unique printable elastic conductor, it is flexible and stretchable with more than 200% strain. Furthermore, the taxel is based on the capacitive Wheatstone bridge. As a result, noise immunity and stability in case of temperature fluctuation is accomplished. Additionally, the sensor's innovative, simple fabrication, made of Polyurethane foam and printable elastic conductor, allows the system to adapt and achieve relevant results necessary for the purpose of the sensor's application. Therefore, the proposed sensor has potential applications in industrial and biomedical contexts, such as sleep monitoring, etc.
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| 3. |
- Alqaysi, Hiba, et al.
(författare)
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Cost Optimized Design of Multi-Camera Domefor Volumetric Surveillance
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 21:3, s. 3730-3737
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multi-camera dome consists of number ofcameras arranged in layers to monitor a hemisphere aroundits center. In volumetric surveillance,a 3D space is required tobemonitoredwhich can be achievedby implementing numberof multi-camera domes. A monitoring height is consideredas a constraint to ensure full coverage of the space belowit. Accordingly, the multi-camera dome can be redesignedinto a cylinder such that each of its multiple layers hasdifferent coverage radius. Minimum monitoring constraintsshould be met at all layers. This work is presenting a costoptimized design for the multi-camera dome that maximizesits coverage. The cost per node and number of squaremetersper dollar of multiple configurations are calculated using asearch space of cameras and considering a set of monitoring and coverage constraints. The proposed design is costoptimized per node and provides more coverage as compared to the hemispherical multi-camera dome.
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| 4. |
- An, Sining, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Micrometer Accuracy Phase Modulated Radar for Distance Measurement and Monitoring
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - 1558-1748 .- 1530-437X. ; 20:6, s. 2919-2927
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An enhanced accuracy random binary phase modulated radar is proposed. It can be used in high accuracy monitoring in manufacturing. Compared with the traditional high accuracy radar using frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW), the proposed radar system can be used in a multi-user scenario without occupying more bandwidth. A two-step distance estimation method is introduced to estimate the distance. First, the distance estimation accuracy is narrowed down to a half carrier wavelength by analyzing the envelope of the phase modulated signal. Then the carrier phase information increases the distance accuracy to several micrometers. An equalization method is introduced to solve the I/Q imbalance problem. The proposed radar system is demonstrated at a carrier frequency of 80 GHz with a bandwidth of 2 GHz. The measured distance error was within ±7 μm. In addition, a high measurement repetition rate of 500 kHz was reached which is suitable for real-time monitoring in automatic manufacturing.
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| 5. |
- Athanasiou, Vasileios, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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On Sensing Principles Using Temporally Extended Bar Codes
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - 1558-1748 .- 1530-437X. ; 20:13, s. 6782-6791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The detection of ionic variation patterns could be a significant marker for the diagnosis of neurological and other diseases. This paper introduces a novel idea for training chemical sensors to recognise patterns of ionic variations. By using an external voltage signal, a sensor can be trained to output distinct time-series signals depending on the state of the ionic solution. Those sequences can be analysed by a relatively simple readout layer for diagnostic purposes. The idea is demonstrated on a chemical sensor that is sensitive to zinc ions with a simple goal of classifying zinc ionic variations as either stable or varying. The study features both theoretical and experimental results. By extensive numerical simulations, it has been shown that the proposed method works successfully in silico. Distinct time-series signals are found which occur with a high probability under only one class of ionic variations. The related experimental results point in the right direction.
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| 6. |
- Biabani, Morteza, et al.
(författare)
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RBDMS : Rate-Adaptation and Buffer-Awareness Data Gathering for Mobile Sink Scheduling in WSNs
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 22:21, s. 21326-21341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Employing a mobile sink (MS) to act as a relay node in wireless sensor network (WSN) applications is a promising solution for efficient power saving and data collection. However, establishing long-distance traveling leads to larger latency or inefficient buffer management at rendezvous points (RPs), e.g., flying UAVs in disaster management. Moreover, there is no efficient solution to guarantee the completeness of data gathering by considering the waiting time (sojourn) of the MS to receive packets from RPs in addition to the MS moving time among RPs. This work presents a rate-adaptation and buffer-awareness data gathering for MS scheduling (RBDMS) by constructing grid cells in the monitoring area. In fact, it establishes the shortest path by passing within the communication range of the sensors based on data volume. RBDMS not only has a mechanism for handling emergency packets with low latency but also benefits from stochastic integer programming (SIP) for scheduling the MS sojourn time with lower computational time using Lagrangian relaxation. Simulation results confirm that the proposed RBDMS outperforms comparable state-of-the-art works in terms of the MS path length, network lifetime, the energy consumption of sensors, and MS, as well as buffering performance.
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| 7. |
- Bonmann, Marlene, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Terahertz radar observes powder dynamics for pharmaceutical manufacturing
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - 1558-1748 .- 1530-437X. ; 24:13, s. 20512-20522
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The optical opaqueness of powders has precluded the observation of powder flow dynamics in processing tubes, with important implications, for example, in the pharmaceutical industry, where non-destructive monitoring during the manufacturing process is essential to ensure the quality of the final product and the effectiveness of the process. Taking advantage of the high penetration of terahertz electromagnetic waves in powders and its wavelength-to-particle size ratio, we demonstrate that a submillimeter-wave pulse-Doppler radar can overcome the present challenges and characterize powder flow dynamics in pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Mimicking typical vessel shapes in pharmaceutical operations, we were able to characterize falling powder streams in a tube with a sample volume resolution of a few cubic centimeters and a range resolution of about 5 mm. We successfully monitored particle velocity, particle distribution within the tube, and mass flow rate in real-time. This remote sensing method, based on advanced terahertz electronics, opens up the possibility to study and monitor powder dynamics in a wide range of applications.
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| 8. |
- Cao, Mingwei, et al.
(författare)
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FAPP : Extremely Fast Approach to Boosting Image Matching Precision
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 24:4, s. 4907-4919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feature matching is a critical problem in the field of computer vision, which serves as the foundation for many high-level computer vision applications. This article aims to improve the accuracy of feature matching by eliminating mismatches in putative matches. To achieve this goal, we propose an extremely fast approach to boosting image matching precision (FAPP). The key idea behind FAPP is that correct feature matches have similar Euclidean distances, and the sine values of the angles between correct feature matches and the horizontal axis are also similar. Consequently, putative matches can be represented as 2-D coordinate points (sine value, Euclidean distance), which makes correct and incorrect feature matches have different degrees of clustering. The coordinate points are, furthermore, divided into grid spaces so that the coordinate points are distributed in different grid areas. Through adaptive parameter estimation, we determine a threshold for the number of correct feature matches within each grid, thereby eliminating false feature matches. In addition, to validate the effectiveness of FAPP, we conducted experiments on two public datasets and compared the results with several existing classical methods. The experimental outcomes demonstrate the superior performance of FAPP over the existing classical methods. Furthermore, the method has been applied to 3-D reconstruction with good results. Source code: https://github.com/caomw/fapp.
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| 9. |
- Cao, Mingwei, et al.
(författare)
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MLV : Robust Image Matching via Multilayer Verification
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 24:9, s. 14454-14470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Image matching is one of the hottest research topics in the field of computer vision, and it aims to compute the correct feature correspondences between images; however, under the influence of illumination changes and scale changes, relying only on the similarity between feature descriptors as the basis for judging feature matching tends to generate more false feature correspondences. To solve the above problems, in this article, we systematically analyze various factors that lead to false feature correspondences, design corresponding solutions for these various factors, and then propose a multilayer verification (MLV) image-matching method. First, eliminating the potential mismatches caused by brute force matching; second, eliminating the mismatches caused by the ambiguity of descriptors; and third, eliminating the feature matches that do not satisfy geometric constraints. Finally, we test the proposed MLV method on several open-source datasets and make a comprehensive comparison with the classical methods. Experimental results show that the MLV method not only can compute more true feature correspondences but also has a low computational cost. In addition, we applied the MLV method to sparse point cloud reconstruction to demonstrate its practical application value. Source code: https://github.com/caomw/mlv.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying the Uncertainty of the Relative Geometry in Inertial Sensors Arrays
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 21:17, s. 19362-19373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an algorithm to estimate and quantify the uncertainty of the accelerometers' relative geometry in an inertial sensor array. We formulate the calibration problem as a Bayesian estimation problem and propose an algorithm that samples the accelerometer positions' posterior distribution using Markov chain Monte Carlo. By identifying linear substructures of the measurement model, the unknown linear motion parameters are analytically marginalized, and the remaining non-linear motion parameters are numerically marginalized. The numerical marginalization occurs in a low dimensional space where the gyroscopes give information about the motion. This combination of information from gyroscopes and analytical marginalization allows the user to make no assumptions of the motion before the calibration. It thus enables the user to estimate the accelerometer positions' relative geometry by simply exposing the array to arbitrary twisting motion. We show that the calibration algorithm gives good results on both simulated and experimental data, despite sampling a high dimensional space.
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